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研究生:陳伸佩
研究生(外文):Chen Shen-Pei
論文名稱:國小學童的音韻覺識、英文拼字以及字母知識之研究
論文名稱(外文):The Study of EFL Learners' Phonological Awareness, Spelling Ability and Letter Knowledge
指導教授:張芳琪張芳琪引用關係
指導教授(外文):Chang Fang-Chi
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立嘉義大學
系所名稱:國民教育研究所
學門:教育學門
學類:綜合教育學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2007
畢業學年度:95
語文別:中文
中文關鍵詞:音韻覺識拼字字母知識英語教學
外文關鍵詞:phonological awarenessspellingletter knowledge
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本研究以量化測驗方式測量學習英語為第一外語的學習者在「音韻覺識」、「英文拼字」、以及「字母知識」上的表現,以及這些表現之間的相互關係。本研究共有60位國民小學六年級的學習者參與正式測驗,在參與本研究之前,學習者在校已經學習了四年的英語課程。研究結果顯示:學習者在滿分52分的字母知識測驗裡,平均的得分為51.9分(百分數為99%);學習者在滿分25分的音韻覺識測驗裡,平均的得分為22.6分(百分數為90.4%);學習者在滿分48分的拼字測驗裡,平均得分為31.17分(百分數為64.82%),顯示國小六年級學習者已具備完整的字母知識能力。國民小學六年級學習者的「音韻覺識」與「英文拼字」呈現高相關;學習者的「字母知識」以及「英文拼字」呈現高相關;學習者的「音韻覺識」與「字母知識」呈現低相關。整體而言,本研究的結果支持其他研究的看法,這些研究發現學習者音韻覺識能力和拼字能力相關高、學習者字母知識能力和拼字能力相關高。此外,本研究更進一步發現下列現象:
1.學習者在「刪除音素測驗」和「結合音素測驗」的表現,與「英文拼字」的相關性最高。
2.學習者在「字母名測驗」和「字母音測驗」的表現,與「英文拼字」的相關性皆高。
3.學習者在「刪除音素測驗」的表現,與「字母名測驗」和「字母音測驗」相關性較高。
The present study examined EFL learners’ performances on three tests: phonological awareness, spelling and letter knowledge and the correlation among the performances. Sixty six graders from an elementary school at southern Taiwan. participated in this study. These subjects had studied English for at least four years before participating in this study. Descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation were applied to analyzing the data. The results are summarized in the following: a. 99% of EFL learners answer correctly on letter knowledge, 90.4% of EFL learners answer correctly on PA, 64.82% of EFL learners answer correctly on spelling. It shows that the subjects have already had basic letter knowledge (letter name and letter sound); b. a high positive correlation exists between the subjects’ phonological awareness and spelling ability; c. a high positive correlation exists between the subjects’ letter knowledge and spelling ability; d. a low positive correlation exists between the subjects’ phonological awareness and letter knowledge. The further findings are a. the subjects’ performances on “phoneme deletion” and “phoneme blending” are both significantly correlated to learners’ performances on spelling; b. the subjects’ letter-name knowledge and letter-sound knowledge are both highly correlated to their spelling performances; c. the subjects’ performances on “phoneme deletion” is significantly correlated to learners’ letter-name knowledge.
目次
中文摘要…………………………………………………… i
英文摘要…………………………………………………… ii
目次………………………………………………………… iii
表次………………………………………………………… vi
圖次………………………………………………………… vii
第一章 緒綸
第一節 研究背景與動機…………………………………………1
第二節 研究目的…………………………………………………5
第三節 名詞釋義…………………………………………………5
第四節 研究貢獻…………………………………………………7
第五節 研究限制…………………………………………………7
第二章 文獻探討
第一節 聽說讀寫的發展…………………………………………9
第二節 閱讀的定義及閱讀技巧的研究…………………………10
第三節 音韻覺識、閱讀、拼字的研究…………………………16
第四節 音韻覺識的發展順序……………………………………30
第五節 各國音韻覺識的研究發現………………………………35
第六節 測試音韻覺識……………………………………………39
第三章 研究方法與步驟
第一節 研究架構…………………………………………………49
第二節 研究假設…………………………………………………50
第三節 樣本規劃與取樣方法……………………………………52
第四節 研究工具與程序…………………………………………54
第五節 測驗內容…………………………………………………65
第六節 研究程序與資料分析……………………………………77
第四章 研究結果與討論
第一節 學習者英語音韻覺識之表現……………………………80
第二節 學習者拼字之表現………………………………………86
第三節 學習者字母知識之表現…………………………………92
第四節 統計測驗相關結果之分析………………………………93
第五章 結論與建議
第一節 研究結論……………………………………………… 102
第二節 建議…………………………………………………… 103
參考文獻
中文部份…………………………………………………………105
英文部份…………………………………………………………106
附錄
附錄一 音韻覺識測驗…………………………………………114
附錄二 英文拼字測驗…………………………………………117
附錄三 英文字母名測驗………………………………………118
附錄四 英文字母音測驗………………………………………119
附錄五 專家效度建議…………………………………………120
附錄六 未修改前的音韻覺識測驗與英文拼字測驗…………121
附錄七 研究工具信度…………………………………………124
附錄八 音韻覺識測驗五測驗錯誤類型………………………125
附錄九 拼字計分考量…………………………………………128


表次
表3-1 分辨字首音素測驗……………………………………………59
表3-2 分辨字尾音素測驗……………………………………………60
表3-3 刪除字首音素測驗……………………………………………61
表3-4 刪除字尾音素測驗……………………………………………61
表3-5 結合音素測驗…………………………………………………63
表3-6 真字拼字測驗…………………………………………………64
表3-7 無意義字拼字測驗……………………………………………65
表3-8 字母名測驗答對人數、平均數、標準差、偏態情形………68
表3-9 字母音測驗答對人數、平均數、標準差、偏態情形………69
表3-10 音韻覺識測驗答對人數、平均數、標準差、偏態情形… 72
表3-11 拼字得分分佈、平均數、標準差、偏態情形…………… 76
表4-1 學習者在音韻覺識測驗表現的綜觀…………………………81
表4-2 學習者在拼字測驗表現的綜觀………………………………87
表4-3 字母知識測驗表現的綜觀……………………………………93
表4-4 音韻覺識與拼字的積差相關表………………………………95
表4-5 字母知識與拼字的積差相關表………………………………96
表4-6 音韻覺識測驗與字母知識測驗的積差相關表………………98


圖次
圖1 閱讀技巧……………………………………………………13
圖2 音節的層級…………………………………………………17
圖3 閱讀與寫字時所需的語言處理過程………………………25
圖4 音韻覺識發展階段…………………………………………30
圖5 研究架構圖…………………………………………………49
圖6 研究程序圖…………………………………………………79
圖7 響音理論階層………………………………………………91
圖8 相關係數判斷標準…………………………………………94
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