臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

機場以企業私有化（corporatization）、商業化（commercialization）和民營化（privatization）提昇績效的方式，已成為了全球的趨勢，但是我國機場基於政治、國情與安全等因素，目前無法開放民營。而機場營運績效著實影響航空公司與其它相關廠商的進駐與營運意願，更進一步的影響到旅客的搭機意願，此外，台灣高鐵的通車對高油價高票價的航空業而言，亦會造成旅客的流失。對屬國營事業的台灣機場來說，政府必須一力承擔其盈虧，故機場的績效表現亦不容忽視。綜觀目前全球機場績效的議題在民營化、地區經濟成長率等方面蔓延開來，但國內外相關之研究，大多只在比較機場不同屬性間的績效表現，卻少有考量到投入規模的不同會對評估之結果造成影響。因此，本研究以投入項作為集群分析之依據，再以資料包絡分析法（Data Envelopment Analysis，簡稱DEA）對台灣機場進行評估，冀使評估結果更能與現實符合，避免不同規模之機場相互比較所造成的偏誤。本研究結果發現，所進行評估的十五座機場中，在整體效率方面具有效率的機場有嘉義航空站、馬公航空站、金門航空站、北竿航空站及七美航空站等五座機場，其餘的台中航空站、台南航空站、屏東航空站、恆春航空站、花蓮航空站、台東航空站、南竿航空站、綠島航空站、蘭嶼航空站及望安航空站等十座機場不具整體效率；在純技術效率方面具有效率的機場則有台中航空站、嘉義航空站、馬公航空站、金門航空站、北竿航空站、蘭嶼航空站、七美航空站與望安航空站等八座機場，其餘的台南航空站、屏東航空站、恆春航空站、花蓮航空站、南竿航空站、台東航空站、綠島航空站等七座機場不具純技術效率。

A global trend in airport management indicated that airports have focused on corporatization, commercialization and privatization in order to enhance their performances. Consequently, airport operational performances would greatly affect airline and relevant operators’ entry and operation intentions. To take one step further, it could even influence travelers’ willingness to fly. However, with the running of Taiwan High Speed Train, it had created an impact to the aviation industry due to loss of air passengers because of highly priced airfares. Due to Taiwan political and military safety issues, airports have not been opened to the general public sector so they strictly remained under government authority. Nevertheless, Taiwan airports still faced similar challenges faced by global aviation operators. To national entities such as Taiwan airports, the government must bear total profit loss. Hence airport performances and achievements must not be overlooked. Generally speaking, when reviewing current global airports, airport performances emphasized on privatization and economic growth in the area, but relevant domestic or international studies had mostly compared performances between different airports of various attribute. Very few of them took into consideration of the fact that various degrees of involvement would produce completely different evaluation results. Therefore, this study applied input as the basis for cluster analysis, and then used DEA, Data Envelopment Analysis to evaluate Taiwan airports. Hoping to achieve evaluation results that would best fit practical scenarios so that deviation errors caused by different scales of operations among the airports could be avoided. Empirical studies indicated that out of the 15 airports, when evaluating overall efficiency, five airports that fitted this category were Chiayi airport, Magong airport, Kinmen airport, Beigan airport, and Chimei airport. The other ten such as Taichung airport, Tainan airport, Pingtung airport, Hengchun airport, Hualien airport, Taitung airport, Nangan airport, Greenisland airport, Lanyu airport, and Wangan airport did not have overall efficiency. In relation to technical efficiency factor, eight airports which possessed this feature were Taichung airport, Chiayi airport, Magong airport, Kinmen airport, Beigan airport, Lanyu airport, Chimei airport, and Wangan airport. The remaining seven airports such as Tainan airport, Pingtung airport, Hengchun airport, Hualien airport, Nangan airport, Taitung airport, and Greenisland airport did not have technical efficiency.

中文摘要 ……………………………………………………………………………i
英文摘要 ……………………………………………………………………………ii
誌謝 …………………………………………………………………………………iv
目錄 …………………………………………………………………………………v
表目錄 ………………………………………………………………………………vi
圖目錄 ………………………………………………………………………………vii
一、 緒論……………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 研究動機…………………………………………………………………………1
1.2 研究目的…………………………………………………………………………3
1.3 研究對象範圍、限制與流程……………………………………………………4
二、 文獻回顧………………………………………………………………………6
2.1 績效評估…………………………………………………………………………6
2.1.1 績效評估之義意………………………………………………………………6
2.1.2 績效評估之目的………………………………………………………………8
2.2 政府效率評估……………………………………………………………………9
2.3 績效評估方法綜覽………………………………………………………………10
2.4 機場績效評估相關文獻…………………………………………………………13
三、 研究方法………………………………………………………………………25
3.1 區隔模型…………………………………………………………………………25
3.1.1 市場區隔的定義………………………………………………………………25
3.1.2 市場區隔的模式………………………………………………………………26
3.2 資料包絡分析法…………………………………………………………………27
3.2.1 CCR模式………………………………………………………………………28
3.2.2 BCC模式………………………………………………………………………32
3.2.3 評估效率………………………………………………………………………34
3.2.4 差額分析………………………………………………………………………36
3.2.5 資料包絡分析法之優缺點……………………………………………………36
3.2.6 資料包絡析法的使用程序……………………………………………………37
四、 實證研究………………………………………………………………………38
4.1 區隔模型…………………………………………………………………………38
4.2 評估項目選取……………………………………………………………………42
4.3 效率之評估………………………………………………………………………46
五、 結論與建議……………………………………………………………………52
5.1 結論………………………………………………………………………………52
5.2 建議………………………………………………………………………………55
參考文獻 ………………………………………………………………………………57
附錄一 …………………………………………………………………………………63
作者簡歷 ………………………………………………………………………………64

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