臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

自2005年2月進行研究前的調查，針對台東縣東河鄉泰源盆地之獼猴危害果園現況，了解危害程度以及受危害的果樹品種，並且在2005年9月至2006年2月間針對樣區內柑橘園進行資料收集。
研究期間共分析了9處受危害果園以及14處未受危害果園的地景資訊，並分析受危害果園的危害程度與其地景結構的關聯；受危害果園在半徑500m內的地景組成，樹林環境平均佔了59%，高於未受危害果園29.6%，其中受危害果園共收集了58處獼猴入侵果園的地點，發現獼猴偏好自果園向外突出的邊界環境進入果園危害，獼猴進入果園的環境，依照分布高至低主要為樹林、竹林、灌叢長草區。另外，受高度危害的果園多有一段快速的危害累積期，而低度危害果園除了沒有快速危害累積期外，其危害多為持續型，危害程度越高的果園，危害持續時間有較少的趨勢。
比較受危害果園與未受危害果園在地景多樣性的差異，以主成分分析，依據成分內變數組成，大致可分為農墾開發程度、樹林區塊結構以及人為活動因素等等，而以農墾程度以及樹林區塊結構最能反映危害區和未受危害區內的地景差異。本研究的結果顯示，以大尺度地景結構來看，果園危害程度並非完全與樹林接壤程度以及週邊樹林面積呈現相關的現象。而危害程度多寡則是反映在果園週邊環境多樣性。
泰源盆地防治獼猴危害柑橘園之建議，短期防範而言，以減少果園邊界曲折程度，並且在果園與樹林接壤處架設邊界圍網，較能收到功效，若以長期防範危害為考量，則應管理休耕地利用以及整合耕地類型，減少地景破碎的程度。

To realize the situation of crop-raiding by Formosan Macaque (Macaca Cyclopis) in Mandarin farms in Taitung, Taiwan and choose the study sites, I visited the farmers and collected the rough data of crop-raiding in February 2005. Formal data collection was started During September 2005 to February 2006. I analysis landscape information of 9 raided farms and 14 not raided farms. 58 invasion sites were collected in raided farms. Monkeys fever to choose invasion sites which are bulgy in the boundary. Sever raided farms were accumulated damage quickly and slight raided farms usually were suffered damage constantly.
Comparing the difference of landscape diversity in raided farms and not raided farms by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), three factors were defined, include level of agriculture, structure of forest patch, and degree of human activity. Level of agriculture and structure of forest patch can reflect the difference of raided farms and not raid farms. This study shows the degree of damage not only correlated to the forest area and border but also the diversity of environment type. To alleviate the crop-raiding by Formosan Macaque should abate the degree of curvature of farm boundary and integrate the land use.

內文目錄
目錄
摘要.......................................................I
Abstract..................................................Ⅲ
誌謝......................................................Ⅳ
目錄......................................................Ⅴ
圖表目錄..................................................Ⅶ
壹、前言...................................................1
貳、文獻回顧................................................3
一、危害的發生原因..........................................3
二、猴群造成危害的行為模式...................................4
三、森林的食物豐富程度與危害現象..............................4
四、危害防治方法與效果.......................................5
五、危害現象和地景的關聯.....................................6
六、危害點與最近樹林的距離...................................6
參、材料與方法..............................................8
一、研究樣區描述............................................8
二、資料處理與定義.........................................14
（一）資料收集.............................................14
（二）土地利用分類及資料處理................................16
（三）危害入侵點及類型之定義................................17
（四）危害密集區...........................................17
（五）果園邊界環境組成......................................17
(六) 果園危害程度的界定.....................................17
（七）地景指數.............................................18
三、資料分析........................................................20
（一）入侵點環境分析....................................20
（二）環境距離分析.....................................21
（三）入侵點類別和環境距離分析..........................21
（四）危害程度與地景指數的相關..........................21
（五）危害區與無危害區地景指數的比較.....................21

肆、結果..................................................23
一、果園危害程度.........................................23
二、環境類型組成.........................................24
三、入侵點環境分析.......................................25
四、累積危害程度.........................................27
五、環境距離分析.........................................28
六、危害區與非危害區地景指數的比較.........................30
伍、討論..................................................38
一、危害區..............................................38
二、危害地點的選擇.......................................39
三、危害區與無危害區比較..................................41
參考文獻..................................................43
作者簡介..................................................48

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