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研究生:曾功智
研究生(外文):Kung-Chih Tseng
論文名稱:軟、硬水環境飼糧蝦紅素對血鸚鵡成長、活存、呈色與麻醉緊迫之影響
論文名稱(外文):The effects of dietary supplementation of astaxanthin on survival, growth, pigmentation and anesthetic stress of blood parrot, Cichlasoma var. in the soft and hard water
指導教授:潘志弘、鄭文騰
指導教授(外文):Chih-Hung Pan、Win-Ton Cheng
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立屏東科技大學
系所名稱:水產養殖系
學門:農業科學學門
學類:漁業學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2007
畢業學年度:95
語文別:中文
論文頁數:98
中文關鍵詞:血鸚鵡蝦紅素成長活存呈色麻醉緊迫抗氧化
外文關鍵詞:Blood parrot(Cichasoma var.)Astaxanthingrowthsurvivalpigmentationanesthetic stressantioxidant
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觀賞魚無法在體內自行合成類胡蘿蔔素,然而魚體含有豐富的類胡蘿蔔素不僅在呈色扮演重要的角色而且也具有生物功能如抗氧化能力。本研究主要是利用兩種實驗來探討蝦紅素對觀賞魚(血鸚鵡)的成長、活存、呈色及生物功能的影響。
飼糧中添加蝦紅素對飼養在軟硬水的血鸚鵡之活存、成長及呈色效應,在各處理組間活存率皆無顯著差異。血鸚鵡飼養在軟水中的成長率比飼養在硬水中高。飼養12週後,在硬水中的血鸚鵡其總蝦紅素濃度比飼養在軟水的高。控制組的總蝦紅素濃度顯著低於投餵色素組。
飼糧中添加蝦紅素對抗麻醉緊迫的忍受性,本研究的目的在於決定如果從飼糧中增加魚體的蝦紅素能夠強化魚體的抗氧化能力及對麻醉緊迫的忍受性(2-phenoxyethanol 200mg/L, 1h)。在麻醉緊迫下藉由蝦紅素的增加來改善軟水及硬水處理組的TAS,因為飼糧蝦紅素處理組的TAS顯著的高於沒有飼糧蝦紅素的處理組(0 mg kg-1 蝦紅素)。飼糧蝦紅素會降低SOD。在麻醉緊迫下GSH-Px無法反映魚類的健康。然而在硬水環境飼養含量320及160 mg kg-1蝦紅素的處理組,其ALT顯著低於控制組(0 mg kg-1蝦紅素)。當魚曝露在麻醉緊迫時,飼養蝦紅素處理組的TBARS比控制組低。無論飼養在軟硬水中,投餵含AX-320及AX-160蝦紅素的魚之體內LPO含量皆低於控制組。
Ornamental fish are unable to synthesize carotenoids de novo, However, astaxanthin the predominant carotenoid in fish plays important roles not only on pigmentation in surface of body but also on biological function such as antioxidative ability. This study was aimed to find out the growth, survival., pigmentation and some of the biological function of astaxanthin in ornamental fish, blood parrot, Cichlasoma var. through two studies:
Effect of dietary supplementation of astaxanthin on survival, growth and pigmentation of ornamental fish, blood parrot, Cichlasoma var. in soft and hard water. No difference in survival was found among all fish. The growth of fish reared in soft water was higher than that of fish reared in hard water. After 12 weeks’ rearing, body astaxanthin concentration of fish reared in the hard water was higher than that for fish reared in the soft water. The pigmentation of body astaxanthin of control fish was significantly lower than that fish with pigmented diets.
The resistance to anaesthetic stress by ornamental fish fed diets supplemented with astaxanthin. This study was aimed to determine if increasing body astaxanthin content through dietary supplementation(160 mg kg-1 and 320 mg kg-1 astaxanthin for 12 weeks) could enhance fish’s antioxidant defense capability and resistance to anaesthetic stress (2-phenoxyethanol 200 mg/L, for 1 h.).Total antioxidant status (TAS ) in the soft and hard water were improved by the presence of dietary astaxanthin since TAS of fish fed with astaxanthin was significantly higher than those of fish fed 0 mg kg-1 astaxanthin under anaestetic stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was reduced by the presence of dietary astaxanthin. Glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) content of fish did not reflect improvement in health following anaestetic stress. However, alanine aminotransferas (ALT) content of fish fed 320 and 160 mg kg-1 astaxanthin in hard water were significantly lower than those of fish fed 0 mg kg-1 astaxanthin under anaestetic stress. The levels of TBARS of the fish fed with astaxanthin were found to be as low as that of the control, when the fish exposed to anaestetic stress. Both soft and hard water, the LPO levels in fish fed 320 and 160 mg kg-1 astaxanthin were significantly lower than that of the control.
目錄
摘要…………………………………………………………………………...I
Abstract…………………………………………...………………………......II
誌謝……………………………………………………………….……...….IV
目錄…………………………………………………………………………..V
圖表目錄…………………………………………………………………..VIII
第1章 前言……..……………..…………………………………………...1
1.1台灣觀賞魚市場…………………………………………………….…..1
1.2類胡蘿蔔素來源與種類………………………………………………...2
1.3生物合成類胡蘿蔔素的能力………………………….………………..2
1.4影響飼糧色素在魚體表現的因子………………………….…………..3
1.5緊迫氧化對魚體的生化反應及指標…………………………….……..3
1.6抗氧化能力……………………………………….……………………..4
1.7脂質的氧化…………………………………………………….………..6
1.8脂質氧化對生物的傷害………………………………………….……..7
1.9研究目的………………………………………………………….….….8
第2章 軟硬水環境飼糧蝦紅素對血鸚鵡成長、活存和
呈色之影響………………………………..……….………………..9
2.1試驗設計……………………………………………….………….……10
2.2飼糧準備…………………………………………………….……….…10
2.3魚的飼養………………………………………………………….…….10
2.4水中硬度檢測……………………………………………………….….12
2.5樣本處理…………………………………………………………….….12
2.6色素萃取及分析……………………………………………………..….12
2.6.1蝦紅素標準品的萃取及分析………………………………..….12
2.6.2樣品類胡蘿蔔素及蝦紅素的萃取及分析……………………...13
2.7統計分析……………………………………………………….........….14
2.8結果與討論………………………………………….…………..……...14
2.8.1活存.. …………………….……………………………………...14
2.8.2成長……………………………………………….………….….17
2.8.3呈色………….……….……………………………………….…19
第3章 血鸚鵡抗麻醉緊迫之研究…………………..….……………….…28
3.1實驗設計………………………………………………………………..29
3.2樣本處理……………………….……………………………..……...…29
3.2.1粗酵素製備………………………...…………………….…….….29
3.2.2魚樣本的處理…………………………………………….…….…29
3.3色素萃取及分析……………………………………………….…….….29
3.4酵素活性的測定…………………………………….……………....….29
3.4.1 TAS測定………………………………...……….……………...30
3.4.2 SOD測定…………………………………………….........…….30
3.4.3 GSH-Px測定…………………………………………............….32
3.4.4 ALT測定……………..……………………………………..…...32
3.4.5 AST測定…..…………………………………………….…...….33
3.5血液中蛋白質……………………………………………………......…33
3.6 LPO測定……..…………………………………………………....…...34
3.6.1易氧化脂質的配製……………………………………….…......34
3.6.2與易氧化脂質作用的步驟……………………….……...…...…34
3.6.3 LPO(Lipid peroxides)值…………………………....…….....…...34
3.7 TBARS測定……………………………………………..…….….....…34
3.8統計分析……………………………………………………………..…35
3.9結果與討論……………………………………………………….….…35
第4章 結論……………………………………………………………..…73
參考文獻……………………………………………………………....……74
作者簡介………………………………………………………….….……..98
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