臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究透過月亮觀測法並配合墾丁氣象雷達站的都卜勒雷達，探討2005年秋季夜間鳥類越海遷徙的種類、數量、時空分佈，以及飛行高度和風向的關係。兩種方式調查的結果均顯示，7~12月調查期間，夜間遷徙鳥類的高峰均落在九月份，其中光是 9月的地面觀測數量就佔全期的71.6 ﹪，而9月雷達觀測的遷移量也佔了75.8 %。本區夜間遷徙鳥類在各空域出現的最高峰多發生在入夜後第2、3小時，之後逐漸遞減。在逐日變化上，天候及雨量因素會影響遷徙的數量。飛行路線上，由陸路飛向巴士海峽的遷徙量佔的比例最高(36.51 %)，又西部海面路線的出海數量大於東部海面的出海數量。風向有利程度與飛行高度呈顯著正相關（rs = 0.789, p < 0.001）；順風時最高的飛行高度平均為1155 ± 70.74 m (n=34)，逆風平均為434 ± 56.36 m (n=19)。雷達估算秋季恆春半島夜遷鳥類數量約168萬隻。

This research was conducted by using moon-watching method and Doppler weather radar to investigate the number, species, spatiotemporal distribution, and flight height’s relationship with wind of nocturnal, water-crossing migration at the southernmost of Hengchun Peninsula in autumn 2005. Both methods revealed that migrant’s abundance peaked in September, composed of 71.6 % with moon-watching, and 75.8% with radar, of total number of birds estimated during September-December. Migrating abundance reached its peak two or three hour after sunset at most height levels. Factors like typhoon and rain affected the day-to-day’s amount of migration. Most (36.51%) migrants flew to Bashi Strait at night via land route, those via western sea route were more abundant than were eastern sea route. Advantageous degree of wind aspect was positively related to flight height (rs = 0.789, p < 0.001), with the highest flight of 1155 ± 70.74 m (n=34) under tail wind condition and that of 434 ± 56.36 m (n=19) under head wind. It was estimated with radar that a total of some 1.68 millions of nocturnal migrants passed through the Peninsula in 2005.

摘要.…………………………………………………………………………..I
Abstract. ……………………………………………………………………...II
誌謝…………………………………………………………………….........IV
目錄.…………………………………………………………………………VI
圖表目錄.……………………………………………………………………IX
壹、前言………………………………………………………………………1
貳、文獻回顧…………………………………………………………………3
參、研究方法 ………………………………………………………………..7
一、地面觀測 …………………………………………………………..7
（一）調查地點……………………………………………............7
（二）調查方式…………………………………………………….7
二、雷達觀測…………………………………………………………..10
（一）雷達位置及掃描作業………………………………………10
（二）雷達資料蒐集……………………………………………....11
（三）風速及風向資料蒐集與分析………………………………15
三、氣象資料觀測位置………………………………………………..16
肆、結果 ……………………………………………………………………17
一、月亮觀測…………………………………………………………..17
（一）出海的種類…………………………………………………17
（二）出海數量的月變化…………………………………………18
（三）出海數量的時段變化………………………………………19
（四）不同月份出海數量的時段變化……………………………20
二、雷達觀測…………………………………………………………..21
（一）出海數量的月變化…………………………………………21
（二）出海數量的時段變化………………………………………22
（三）出海數量的日變化…………………………………………25
三、出海數量的時空分佈……………………………………………..25
（一）空間分佈的月變化…………………………………………25
（二）空間分佈的時段變化………………………………………30
四、出海的飛行高度…………………………………………………..31
伍、討論 ……………………………………………………………………33
一、遷徙出海種類…………………………………………….………..33
二、遷徙出海數量的月變化…………………………………………..33
三、遷徙出海數量的時段變化………………………………………..34
四、遷徙出海數量的日變化…………………………………………..35
五、遷徙出海數量的時空分佈………………………………………..36
六、遷徙出海的飛行高度……………………………………………..37
七、不同調查方式的探討…………………………………………….38
八、透過雷達推估遷徙出海數量……………………………………..41
陸、結論 ……………………………………………………………………42
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………….43
作者簡介…………………………………………………………………….50

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中央氣象局 (2006) 墾丁氣象雷達站基本資料。台北市：中央氣象局。2006年6月20日，取自：http://www.cwb.gov.tw/業務簡介/組織與沿革/組織編制/墾丁氣象雷達站/基本資料
中央氣象局 (2006) 墾丁氣象雷達站基本資料。台北市：中央氣象局。2006年6月20日，取自：http://www.cwb.gov.tw/氣候統計/每月氣象資料