臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本實驗使用的三種鋁材分別為連鑄鋁片（CC鋁材）、DC1300及4N純鋁，其中CC鋁材與DC1300有相似合金成份，但CC鋁材具有較高之合金元素固溶量，至於4N純鋁則是作為對照之基礎。經由適當的部分退火處理後在不同方向作拉伸試驗，發現有明顯的異向性存在。結果顯示提高退火溫度會降低抗拉強度但可增加材料的延展性，提高應變速率會提高強度亦可提升延展性。
比較CC、DC1300的拉伸實驗結果，顯示CC鋁材有較高強度及延展性。進一步利用TEM、EBSD分析微結構，發現兩種材料的晶粒形狀、晶粒尺寸、晶界分佈及高角邊界比例均相近，因此推論這些因素應不是影響兩者機械性質差異的主因，而是CC鋁材有較高合金固溶量所致。由EBSD分析所得到的Schmid factor為45°＞0°＞90°，可以解釋拉伸試驗所得降伏強度45°＞0°＞90°之異向性應是受織構影響。
利用EBSD分析DC1300拉伸試片的變形帶，結果顯示織構不是對稱的。45°方向拉伸試片的變形帶，主要是Copper texture中的兩個變量；而90°方向拉伸試片的變形帶，則是Brass texture中的兩個變量。

圖表目錄………………………………………………………………..Ⅲ
一、前言……………………………………………….......………....1
二、文獻回顧………………………………………………….......…3
2.1 冷軋的微觀組織………………………………………….…3
2.2 超細晶金屬之機械性質………………………………….....7
2.2.1 細晶鋁之降伏下降現象與路德式變形……………..7
2.2.2 超細晶金屬的延展性………………...………...……9
2.2.3 超細晶金屬的加工硬化行為……………………..…9
2.2.4 超細晶金屬的應變速率敏感值……………………11
2.2.5 超細晶金屬的晶界特性………………………...….11
2.3 電子背向繞射之介紹.………………………….….…........12
2.3.1 EBSD的優點………………………….................….12
2.3.2 EBSD的基本原理與系統裝設組成…….…….........13
2.3.3 與本論文有關的EBSD應用………………………..14
2.4 變形織構……….………………………………………......18
三、研究目的…………………………………………………….....19
四、實驗方法………………..………........................………….......20
4.1 實驗的材料介紹…………………..……………………….20
4.2 退火處理……....……………………………………….......20
4.3 拉伸試驗……....………………………………………...…21
4.4 EBSD試片製作…….……………………………………....21
4.5 TEM試片製作…….………………………………..….......22
4.6 利用TEM量測晶界差角………………………………….22
五、實驗結果………………………………......…………………...25
5.1 拉伸試驗……………………………....…………………...25
5.1.1 DC1300…………………………....………………...25
5.1.2 CC…………………………………...……………....26
5.1.3 4N純鋁……………………………………………...27
5.2 微結構……………………………………………………...29
5.2.1 微結構形態…………………………………………29
5.2.2 次晶粒尺寸…………………………………………31
5.2.3 織構組織……………………………………………32
5.2.4 晶界差角…..………………………………………36
5.3 Schmid factor……………………………….……...………37
5.4 拉伸試片之變形帶觀察……………………...……………39
5.5 拉伸變形後之TEM微結構觀察…………..………………40
5.6 拉伸變形後之EBSD觀察…………………….……………42
5.7 拉伸前後之方位分佈函數……………...………..………..46
六、討論……………………………………………..…….……..…47
6.1 加工硬化與降伏下降現象…………………………….…47
6.2 晶粒尺寸的影響…………...………………..…………..…49
6.3 晶界特性的影響………………………………….……..…49
6.4 Schmid factor與織構組織…………………………...….…50
七、結論………………………………………………....………….51
八、參考文獻……………………..……………………..………….53

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