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研究生:劉宛妮
研究生(外文):Winni Liu
論文名稱:諾丁關懷倫理學的學校行政涵義研究
論文名稱(外文):The Implication of Nel Noddings's Caring Ethics for School
指導教授:梁福鎮梁福鎮引用關係
指導教授(外文):Frank Liang
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺中教育大學
系所名稱:教育學系
學門:教育學門
學類:綜合教育學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2007
畢業學年度:95
語文別:中文
論文頁數:158
中文關鍵詞:關懷倫理學校行政關係邂逅研究者敘事性代表性關懷面關懷圈
外文關鍵詞:caring ethicsrelationschool administrationencounter’s emotion
相關次數:
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摘 要
本研究旨在深入探究「諾丁關懷倫理的學校行政涵義」,運用教育詮釋學方法,透過文本交互分析諾丁關懷倫理學的主要概念,來進行其學校行政涵義的研究。
研究目的有四:一、分析諾丁關櫰倫理學的思想淵源。二、闡述諾丁關懷倫理學的主要內涵。三、評價諾丁關懐倫理學的優劣得失。四、探討諾丁關懐倫理學的學校行政涵義。
本研究採用教育詮釋學的方法進行研究問題的探討,首先是文本來源的確定,探討諾丁文本有:《關懷:女性取向的倫理學與道德教育》(1984)、《向學校中的關懷挑戰:教育的另一種取向》(2002),以這兩本為主了解關懷理論的核心概念與時代意義並發現理論本身可能限制。其次,再以諾丁在貝克(Beck, L.G.)的書《重申教育行政是一門關懷的專業》(1994)前序而具有代表性,來研讀此書作為探究學校行政涵義。最後再以文本中的教育核心概念,作為交互的檢證,來確定關懷倫理學在學校行政涵義,並體驗省思理論內涵與作出建議。
在深入探究後發現,諾丁關懷倫理學的主要概念有「以人為主的關懷情感」、「邂逅的關懷關係」、「由小而大的關懷鏈」、「關懷實踐策略」。在界定了解「諾丁關懷倫理學」的主要概念後,並探究理論自身優劣得失,發現有五項特點與七個可能限制:特點為,一、關懷倫理學是一種持續性責任發展的關懷關係圈。二、關懷倫理學是一種源起於人類自然情感的道德。三、關懷倫理學彰顯「被關懷者」感受情感的能力。四、諾丁將關懷倫理學從學術討論轉化到教育關係。五、關懷倫理學是一種植基於情境互動關係的倫理。可能限制為,一、關懷倫理學只存在於私領域當中?二、關懷倫理學該從道德序階作為基礎論述?三、在論述道德時只以女性道德作為判準?四、受制於與「被關懷者」的關係。五、仍舊是理性辯證。六、在人類情感中愛與關懷孰輕孰重?七、對立的二元價值是完全的屏除還是批判性的接納。八、諾丁關懷倫理學在後現代思維中,應如何去判斷、選擇、接納不同的門。
接著,進一步闡述諾丁關懷倫理學的學校行政涵義,發現
諾丁關懷情感的學校行政涵義為:「雙重視野」。諾丁關懷關係的學校行政涵義為:「即時回應」機制與學校內外「價值交流」。諾丁關懷鏈的學校行政涵義為:從學校內部學生為對象開始到外部社區。諾丁關懷實踐策略的學校涵義為:掌握時機、雙向溝通、善用媒介、主動積極等。
最後,綜合歸納前述研究分析,而有以下結論:
一、諾丁關懷倫理學是深受時空文化背景脈絡的影響,一種人人皆能展開的敘事性理論;
二、諾丁關懷倫理是從日常生活的邂逅產生關懷關係與態度,從個體、團體、到社會群體喚醒人類互相合作生存意義;
三、教育的關懷情感關係讓學校教育行政人員體認教育行政的雙重視野,主動連結教師專業團隊與利害人的意見,逐步形成關懷圈的校園文化。
四、關懷倫理的實踐是從認知到身體力行,逐漸在平日的生活中形成的。

依據探究關懷倫理學內涵及其在學校行政涵義的結論,作出可行的建議:
一、 將成為人師、已成為人師、從事教育工作夥伴、
(一)從多元面向來了解關懷他人與自己
(二)自我反省與批判
(三)主動營造關懷氣氛與統觀視野
二、 後續研究者參考:
(一)研究內容方面
可以從諾丁對課程敘事觀與關懷課程推展,形成所謂家政課程來進一步了解,諾丁是如何將學校教育生活與家庭生活串聯起來。
(二)研究方法
可以利用其他教育學者理論與諾丁關懷倫理學來作比較性研究,還可以從不同主題,來了解諾丁關懷倫理學的內涵,來引介出新的關懷面向。最後,可以採用實驗型態的方式,來觀察紀錄了解真實學校關懷文化推展情形。
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the implication of Nel Nodding’s caring ethics for school administration. The research method was used in educational hermeneutics, through cross-reading texts of Nel Noddinds, to adapt main caring ethics. Main concepts of caring ethics have four points: human-center caring emotion, the caring relation of encounter, from small to large circle of caring, and the practice of caring strategy. After to definite the meaning of caring ethics, We also evaluate the positive and negative aspects of caring ethics to get critical thinking to achieve the approaching real action situation. Then we will discuses the four main concepts are used for school administration. We find the four main concepts, the school working members should have dual views, the immediately response mechanism, value-translation between schools’ members and community, and the practice of caring school.
In this research, we conclude as follows:
1. The caring ethics of Nel Noddings was deeply influenced by environment; it’s a describing theory for everyone.
2. Caring ethics is an attitude and a relation from people’s encounter in life world. It hopes people to help and find the meaning of existence cooperatively.
3. Caring ethics in school administration can performance the important of dual views which can be active to connect the idea of teachers and parents to form the caring circle.
4. The practice of caring ethics from knowing to acting has to be done in daily school life.
Based on the findings of this study, several recommendations were suggested as useful reference to school administrators, and follow-up researchers who are interested in Nel Nodding’s caring ethics.



Keywords: caring ethics, school administration, relation, encounter’s emotion
目 次

第一章 緒論⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯1
第一節 研究動機與目的⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 2
第二節 研究方法與步驟⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 6
第三節 研究資料與範圍⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯9
第四節 重要名詞的解釋⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯10
第五節 研究論文的限制⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 13
第二章 諾丁關懷倫理的思想淵源⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯15
第一節 諾丁生平與著作⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 17
第二節 諾丁關懷思想背景⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 24
第三節 諾丁關懷倫理學的形成⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯39
第三章 諾丁關懷倫理學的內涵⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯46
第一節 諾丁關懷情感的本質⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 47
第二節 諾丁關懷關係人的內涵⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 53
第三節 諾丁關懷鏈形成⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 58
第四節 諾丁關懷倫理學的實踐策略⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯⋯63
第五節 諾丁關懷倫理學的綜合評價⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯70
第四章 諾丁關懷倫理的學校行政涵義⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯85
第一節 諾丁關懷情感的學校行政涵義⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 86
第二節 諾丁關懷關係的學校行政涵義⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 97
第三節 諾丁關懷鍊的學校行政涵義⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 120
第四節 諾丁關懷實踐策略的學校行政涵義⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 126
第五章 結論、省思與建議 ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯131
第一節 結論⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 131
第二節 省思與建議⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯137
參考文獻⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯…143
一、 中文部份⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯143
二、 外文部份⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯149
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1. 簡成熙(2000)。正義倫理與關懷倫理學的論辯:女性倫理學的積極意義。教育資料集刊,25,頁185-211。
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4. 游惠瑜(2005)。諾丁的關懷倫理學及其問題。哲學與文化,32(3),95-108。
5. 陳伯璋、薛曉華(2001)。全球在地化的理念與教育發展的趨勢分析。理論與政策,60,49-70。
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7. 張明輝(1997)。學校組織變革及其因應策略。教育研究集刊,38,1-21。
8. 胡夢鯨(1988)。科層體制理論及其對現代教育意義。東方雜誌,21(10),43-50。
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10. 林明地(2006b)。Nel Noddings關懷倫理學及其在學校領導的應用。教育政策論壇,9(2),101-129。
11. 林明地(1999a)。重建學校領導的倫理學觀念。教育政策論壇,2(2),129-157。
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15. 方志華(2003a)。關懷倫理學的道德教育方法。鵝湖月刊,340(10),33-34。