跳到主要內容

臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

(18.97.9.172) 您好!臺灣時間:2025/02/10 01:58
字體大小: 字級放大   字級縮小   預設字形  
回查詢結果 :::

詳目顯示

我願授權國圖
: 
twitterline
研究生:林文風
研究生(外文):Wen-Feng Lin
論文名稱:台灣鮪、鰹魚類之加工品PCR鑑種技術建立及粒線體Cytb序列之親緣演化分析
論文名稱(外文):Species Identification of Processed Products of Tuna and Bonito in Taiwan by Using PCR Technique and Phylogenetic Relationships Based on Mitochondrial Cyt b Sequences
指導教授:黃登福黃登福引用關係
指導教授(外文):Den-Fuw Hwang
學位類別:博士
校院名稱:國立臺灣海洋大學
系所名稱:食品科學系
學門:農業科學學門
學類:食品科學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2007
畢業學年度:95
語文別:中文
論文頁數:191
中文關鍵詞:鮪魚鰹魚PCR鑑種細胞色素b基因
外文關鍵詞:Species IdentificationTunaBonitoPCR Techniquecytochrome b gene
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:8
  • 點閱點閱:424
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:0
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:2
鮪魚及鰹魚皆為世界上相當重要的經濟食用魚種,在生物分類學上均屬於鯖科(Scombridae)魚類;體型較大的鮪魚為公海重要的漁業資源,而較小的鰹魚則為沿岸及近海的大宗漁貨。台灣產食用之鮪、鰹魚種包括Thunnus屬的T. thynnus(黑鮪)、T. alalunga(長鰭鮪)、T. albacares(黃鰭鮪)、T. obesus(大目鮪)以及T. tonggol(小黃鰭鮪),Euthynnus屬的E. affinis(即Katsuwonus pelamis;巴鰹)與E. pelamis(正鰹),Auxis屬的A. rochei(圓花鰹)與A. thazard(扁花鰹),以及Sarda屬的S. orientalis(齒鰹)等。
細胞色素b基因(cytochrome b gene; Cyt b)為mtDNA上的一個功能性基因,位於tRNAGlu及tRNAThr兩基因之間,是目前最常應用於物種分類與親緣演化關係研究的一段核酸序列。為了鑑定鮪、鰹魚類加工及生鮮產品的原料物種來源,本研究利用PCR(polymerase chain reaction)技術,建構包括5種鮪魚、5種鰹魚以及其他4種鯖科魚種的1,141 bp的完整Cyt b核酸序列。經測試篩選,共6組引子對可順利用以增幅並重建14個物種的Cyt b序列;而定序完成的核酸序列皆經DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank資料庫註冊認證(accession numbers EF141171∼EF141185)。
為建立加工品之原料物檢測模式,首先發展PCR-RFLP(PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism)技術,用以鑑定8種可能作為鮪罐原料之魚類,包括T. thynnus、T. alalunga、T. obesus、T. albacares、E. pelamis、E. affinis、A. thazard與S. orientalis等。而為了提高加工品中DNA的抽出效率與靈敏度,本研究以較新的磁珠吸附法來萃取DNA 。此部份共設計兩組引子對,分別用以增幅Cyt b序列中126 bp與146 bp的短鏈片段;並以Bsp1286 I、Hinc II、Rsa I、Sca I及Mbo II等5組限制酶(restriction enzyme)作片段切位分析,可確實將8魚種做出區分。此外,亦蒐集市面上18件鮪罐頭產品,分析其原料魚種並驗證所建立之PCR-RFLP技術的實用性。
另外,設計以多套式PCR(multiplex PCR)對5種台灣產鰹魚之生鮮及烹煮產品進行鑑種分析。利用5物種的Cyt b序列差異,來設計PCR增幅用的primer組;混合後作單次PCR增幅,即可在電泳圖上明確判定待測物種。各魚種增幅的片段分別為A. rochei的143 bp、E. pelamis的236 bp、A. thazard的318 bp、E. affinis 的398 bp及S. orientalis 的506 bp。而針對市售生魚片及烹煮產品加以分析,其中全部生鮮樣品皆可明確判定,而烹煮的樣品則有部份無法檢出。
接著應用species-specific PCR技術,針對因加工過程繁複,而DNA斷裂更為嚴重的柴魚加工品作鑑種分析。對5種鰹魚設計專一性的species-specific primer,可分別增幅出一百多base pairs長度的短鏈核酸片段;而實際測試市售柴魚製品後,可成功用以辨別大部分產品之原料物種。以上3種以PCR為基礎的鑑種方法,對國內大部分鮪、鰹類產品的檢測,皆能達到分析原料物種的目的,可提供肉類加工品鑑種技術具體的學術依據。
最後亦利用所建立的1,141 bp完整Cyt b序列,以neighbor-joining(NJ)、maximum-parsimony(MP)與maximum-likelihood(ML)等3種方法,建構台灣產鯖科魚類的親緣演化關係。除本研究中的14個魚種外,另外搜尋目前完整定序Cyt b的6種其他親緣相近之鯖科魚類,再加上2種不同科的旗魚作為外族(outgroup),以3種模式進行演算。結果顯示,以完整Cyt b序列為基礎的MP及ML兩種演化樹中,鯖科魚類相互的親緣關係,與傳統型態學分類大致相同。
Tuna and bonito are both popular seafood in the world. In Taiwan, there are 5 Thunnus species defined as tuna, including T. thynnus (bluefin tuna), T. alalunga (albacore), T. albacares (yellowfin tuna), T. obesus (bigeye tuna) and T. tonggol (longtail tuna). In addition, 5 fish species among 3 genera are defined as bonito, including Euthynnus pelamis (or Katsuwonus pelamis; skipjack), E. affinis (eastern little tuna), Auxis rochei (frigate mackerel), A. thazard (frigate tuna), and Sarda orientalis (oriental bonito).
Cytochrome b gene (Cytb) is a functional gene between tRNAGlu and tRNAThr in mtDNA, and which was usually used to study about phylogeny and evolution in vertebrate. In order to identify the original species of raw materials and processed products, 1,141 bp complete Cyt b sequences from 5 tuna species, 5 bonito species and other 4 related Scombridae species including T. maccoyii, Somber japonicus, Scomberomorus commerson and Acanthocybium solandri, were established by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique in this study. Six pairs of primer were successfully used to reconstruct the Cyt b sequences in 14 species, and the newly determined nucleotides of 14 species are available from DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession numbers EF141171 to EF141185.
First, the PCR-RFLP (PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism) technique was developed to identify the species of T. thynnus, T. alalunga, T. obesus, T. albacares, E. pelamis, E. affinis, A. thazard and S. orientalis in products of canned tuna. To increase the efficiency and sensitivity of DNA extraction, a recent developed method of binding magnetic beads was applied in this study. Two sets of primer were designed to amplify 126 bp and 146 bp of partial Cyt b, and 5 restriction enzymes including Bsp1286 I, Hinc II, Rsa I, Sca I and Mbo II were determined to analyze the short length fragments. The developed PCR-RFLP method was applied to identify species of 18 commercial canned tuna successfully.
Attempts are made to establish one step multiplex PCR assay for distinguishing 5 species of raw and cooked bonito including E. pelamis, E. affinis, A. rochei, A. thazard and S. orientalis. The 5 sets of species-specific primer were designed to amplify different Cyt b fragments in each species individually. The amplified lengths of fragments were respectively 143 bp for A. rochei, 236 bp for E. pelamis, 318 bp for A. thazard, 398 bp for E. affinis and 506 bp for S. orientalis, which could be obviously differentiated from each other on DNA electrophoresis. The 5 sets of species-specific primer were mixed and applied to simultaneously detect bonito species. All of 12 commercial fish raw and 5 out of 8 cooked bonito fillets were successfully identified species by the multiplex PCR assay.
Furthermore, the species-specific PCR method was developed to identify the species of dried bonito product (katsuobushi) produced from 5 bonito species. Other 5 pairs of species-specific primer were designed to amplify short length fragments among bonito species, respectively. The developed species-specific PCR method was successfully applied to authenticate species of commercial dried bonito products. Hence, these methods really provided a useful and academic technique to identify the sources of tuna and bonito processed products.
Finally, the complete 1,141 bp Cyt b sequences were also used to establish the phylogenetic relationships of family Scombridae. The phylogenetic trees were built by 3 methods including neighbor-joining (NJ), maximum-parsimony (MP) and maximum-likelihood (ML). Cyt b sequences from 14 species in this study combined with 6 related Scombridae species and 2 billfish species as outgroup were evaluated by 3 different models. The result shows that the phylogenetic relationships in MP tree and ML tree based on complete Cyt b sequences are quite the same with traditional morphological taxonomy in family Scombridae.
Publication of Dissertation………………………………………………….I
Table Contents…………………………………………………………..VIII
Figure Contents……………………………………………………………X
Glossary of Abbreviation………………………………………………...XII

中文摘要…………………………………………………………………...1
Abstract(英文摘要)……………………………………………………4

研究背景
一、 台灣常見之鮪、鰹魚種介紹………………………………………...8
(一) 鯖科魚種之分類…………………………………………………..8
(二) 台灣常見之鮪魚…………………………………………………10
(三) 台灣常見之鰹魚…………………………………………………13
二、 鮪、鰹魚類之主要加工產品……………………………………….18
(一) 罐頭製品…………………………………………………………18
(二) 柴魚………………………………………………………………18
三、 利用PCR技術鑑定物種…………………………………………..23
(一) 一般鑑定物種的方法……………………………………………23
(二) PCR鑑種之技術介紹……………………………………………25
(三) Species-specific PCR與multiplex PCR………………………….28
(四) PCR-RFLP鑑種技術之應用…………………………………….31
四、 粒線體DNA之構成與遺傳特性………………………………….38
(一) mtDNA之基因組成……………………………………………...39
(二) mtDNA之遺傳特性……………………………………………...40
五、 魚類mtDNA之序列研究………………………………………….44
(一) 序列組成分析……………………………………………………45
(二) 親緣演化分析……………………………………………………48
六、 Cyt b之基因組成與魚類親緣演化分析………………………….52
(一) Cyt b之基因組成………………………………………………...52
(二) 魚類Cyt b之親緣演化分析……………………………………..54

研究內容
第一章、 台灣鮪、鰹魚類粒線體Cyt b基因之完整序列分析
一、 前言………………………………………………………………...58
二、 材料與方法
(一) 實驗材料…………………………………………………………60
(二) 實驗方法
1. Phenol-chloroform之DNA粗萃法……………………………….60
2. 磁珠DNA萃取法……………………………………………….…62
3. PCR反應之引子設計……………………………………………...63
4. Cyt b片段的大量增幅……………………………………………..65
5. PCR產物Cyt b片段之定序……………………………………….68
6. Cyt b之完整序列重建……………………………………………..69
7. Cyt b序列比對及資料庫註冊……………………………………..69
三、 結果………………………………………………………………...71
四、 討論………………………………………………………………...73
Tables & Figures………………………………………………………….75

第二章、 台灣鮪罐加工品PCR-RFLP鑑種技術之建立
一、 前言………………………………………………………………...89
二、 材料與方法
(一) 實驗材料…………………………………………………………90
(二) 實驗方法
1. DNA萃取法………………………………………………………..90
2. PCR反應之引子設計……………………………………………...90
3. Cyt b片段的大量增幅……………………………………………..91
4. Cyt b片段資料分析………………………………………………..91
5. 限制酶分析PCR產物……………………………………………..92
三、 結果………………………………………………………………...93
四、 討論………………………………………………………………...97
Tables & Figures………………………………………………………...101

第三章、 台灣產鰹魚multiplex PCR鑑種技術之建立
一、 前言……………………………………………………………….108
二、 材料與方法
(一) 實驗材料………………………………………………………..109
(二) 實驗方法
1. DNA萃取法………………………………………………………109
2. Multiplex PCR反應之引子設計…………………………………109
3. Cyt b片段的大量增幅……………………………………………110
三、 結果……………………………………………………………….111
四、 討論……………………………………………………………….114
Tables & Figures….……………………………………………………...117

第四章、 台灣柴魚加工品species-specific PCR鑑種技術之建立
一、 前言……………………………………………………………….121
二、 材料與方法
(一) 實驗材料………………………………………………………..122
(二) 實驗方法
1. DNA萃取法………………………………………………………122
2. Species-specific PCR反應之引子設計…………………………..122
3. Cyt b片段的大量增幅……………………………………………123
三、 結果……………………………………………………………….124
四、 討論……………………………………………………………….126
Tables & Figures………………………………………………………...129

第五章、台灣鮪、鰹魚類粒線體Cyt b序列之親緣演化分析
一、 前言……………………………………………………………….136
二、 材料與方法
(一) 實驗材料………………………………………………………..137
(二) 實驗方法
1. Cyt b序列比對及資料庫註冊……………………………………137
2. Cyt b之蛋白組成分析……………………………………………137
3. 建構親緣演化樹………………………………………………….138
三、 結果……………………………………………………………….141
四、 討論……………………………………………………………….145
Tables & Figures………………………………………………………...148

參考文獻...….…………………………………………………………...155
謝辭……………………………………………………………………...175
Abdel-Rahman, S. M. and Ahmed, M. M. M. 2006. Rapid and sensitive identification of buffalo’s, cattle’s and sheep’s milk using species-specific PCR and PCR-RFLP techniques. Food Control, in press; available online 20 Oct. 2006.
Anderson, S., Bankier, A. T., Barrell, B. G., de Bruijn, M. H. L., Coulson, A. R. Drouin, J., Eperon, I. C., Nierlich, D. P., Roe, B. A., Sanger, F., Schreier, P. H. Smith, A. J. H., Staden, R. and Young, I. 1981. Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome. Nature 290: 457-465.
Andreu, A. L., Bruno, C., Hadjigeorgiou, G. M., Shanske, S. and DiMauro, S. 1999. Polymorphic variants in the human mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 67: 49-52.
Antointte, J. P. and Greg, S. S. 2001. Molecular phylogeny of the Chipmunks inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase II gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20 (3): 335-350.
AOAC. 1997. Official Methods of Analysis. In Association of Official Analysis Chemists, 16 Edition. Washington, DC.
Appleyard, S. A., Ward, R. D. and Grewe, P. M. 2002. Genetic stock structure of bigeye tuna in the Indian Ocean using mitochondrial DNA and microsatellites. Journal of Fish Biology 60: 767-770.
Bartlett, S. E. and Davidson, W. S. 1991. Identification of Thunnus tuna species by the polymerase chain reaction and direct sequence analysis of their mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Canadian Journal Fisheries Aquatic Scence 48: 309-317.
Bellwood, D. R., van Herwerden, L. and Konow, N. 2004. Evolution and biogeography of marine angelfishes (Pisces: Pomacanthidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33: 140-155.
Bernal, D., Dickson, K. A., Shadwick, R. E. and Graham, J. B. 2001. Review: Analysis of the evolutionary convergence for high performance swimming in lamnid sharks and tunas. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A 129: 695-726.
Bernardi, G., Robertson, D. R., Clifton, K. E. and Azzurro, E. 2000. Molecular systematics, zoogeography, and evolutionary ecology of the Atlantic parrotfish genus Sparisoma. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 15 (2): 292-300.
Bjorklund, M. 1999. Are third positions really that bad? A test using vertebrate cytochrome b. Cladistics 15: 191-197.
Block, B. A., Finnerty, J. R., Stewart, A. F. and Kidd, J. 1993. Evolution of endothermy in fish: Mapping physiological tratis on a molecular phylogeny. Science 260: 210-214.
Bogenhagen, D. F. and Clayton, D. A. 2003. The mitochondrial DNA replication bubble has not burst. Trands in Biochemical Sciences 28 (7): 357-360.
Bottero, M. T., Dalmasso, A., Cappelletti, M., Secchi, C. and Civera, T. 2007. Differentiation of five tuna species by a multiplex primer-extension assay. Journal of Biotechnology 129: 575-580.
Bremer, J. R. A., Naseri, I. and Ely, B. 1997. Orthodox and unorthodox phylogenic relationships among tunas revealed by the nucleotide sequence analysis of the mitochondrial DNA control region. Journal of Fish Biology 50: 540-554.
Bromham, L., Eyre-Walker, A., Smith, N. H. and Smith, J. M. 2003. Mitochondrial Steve: paternal inheritance of mitochondrial in humans. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18 (1): 2-4.
Broore, J. L. and Brown, W. M. 1998. Big trees from little genomes: mitochondrial gene as a phylogenic tool. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 8: 668-674.
Brown, W. G., Gadaleeta, G., Pepe, G., Saccone, C. and Sbisa, E. 1986. Structural conservation and variation in the D-loop containing region of vertebrate mitochondrial DNA. Journal of Molecular Biology 192: 503-511.
Calvo, J. H., Zaragoza, P. and Osta, R. 2001. A quick and more sensitive method to identify pork in processed and unprocessed food by PCR amplification of a new specific DNA fragment. Journal of Animal Science 79: 2108-2112.
Carter, C. G., Seeto, G. S., Smart, A., Clarke, S. and Barneveld, R.J. 1998. Correlates of growth in farmed juvenile southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii (Castelnau). Aquaculture 161: 107-119.
Cespedes, A., Garcia, T., Carrera, E., Gonzalez, I., Fernandez, A., Hernandez, P. and Martin, R. 1999. Application of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) to identification of flatfish species. Journal of AOAC International 82 (4): 903-907.
Cespedes, A., Garcia, T., Carrera, E., Gonzalez, I., Fernandez, A., Asensio, L., Hernandez, P. and Martin, R. 2000. Genetic differentiation between sole (Solea solea) and Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) by PCR-RFLP analysis of a 12S rRNA gene fragment. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 80: 29-32.
Chamberlain, J. S., Gibbs, R. A., Ranier, J. E., Nguyen, P. N. and Caskey, C. T. 1988. Deletion screening of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus via multiplex DNA amplification. Nucleic Acid Research 16: 11141-11156.
Chapela, M. J., Sotelo, C. G., Perez-Martin, R. I., Pardo, M. A., Perez-Villareal, B., Gilardi, P. and Riese, J. 2007. Comparison of DNA extraction methods from muscle of canned tuna for species identification. Food Control 18: 1211-1215.
Chinnery, P. F. and Turnbull, D. M. 2000. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in the pathogenesis of human disease. Molecular Medicine Today 6: 425-432.
Chow, S. and Kishino, H. 1995. Phylogenetic relationships between tuna species of the genus Thunnus (Scombridae: Teleostei): Inconsistent implications from morphology, nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Journal of Molecular Evolution 41: 741-748.
Christensen, J. J., Peter, G. S. and Brita, B. 1995. Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis: Restriction enzyme analysis typing with Hinf I, Hae III and Pst I. FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology 12: 43-46.
Clayton, A. D. 2000. Vertebrate mitochondrial DNA—A circle of surprises. Experimental Cell Research 255: 4-9.
Collette, B. B. and Nauen, C. E., 1983. Scombrids of the world-An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. In FAO Species Catalogue, Vol. 2. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome.
Cremonesi, P., Luzzana, M., Brasca, M., Morandi, S., Lodi, R., Vimercati, C., Agnellini, D., Caramenti, G., Moroni, P. and Castiglioni. 2005. Development of a multiplex PCR assay for the identification of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxigenic strains isolated from milk and dairy products. Molecular and Cellular Probes 19: 299-305.
Crockford, T. and Johnston, I. 1995. Isolation of unstable myosins and the analysis of light chains by capillary electrophoresis. Analysis of Biochemistry 231: 20-26.
Curole, J. P. and Kocher, T. D. 1999. Mitogenomes: digging deeper with complete mitochondrial genomes. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 14 (10): 394-398.
Dalmasso, A., Fontanella, E., Piatti, P., Civera, T., Rosati, S. and Bottero, M. T. 2004. A multiplex PCR assay for the identification of animal species in feedstuffs. Molecular and Cellular Probes 18: 81-87.
Degli Esposti, M., De Vries, S., Crimi, M., Chelli, A., Patarnello, T. and Meyer, A. 1993. Mitochondrial cytochrome b: Evolution and structure of the protein. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1143: 243-271.
Delarbre, C., Gallut, C., Barriel, V., Janvier, P. and Gachelin, G. 2002. Complete mitochondrial DNA of the hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri: the comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences strongly supports the cyclostome monophyly. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 22 (2): 184-192.
Desalle, R. and Birstein, V. J. 1996. PCR identification of black caviar. Nature 361: 197-198.
Doadrio, I. and Carmona, J. A. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of the genus Chondrostoma inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33: 802-815.
Doadrio, I. and Dominguez, O. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships within the fish family Goodeidae based on cytochrome b sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 31: 416-430.
Durand, J. -D. Tsigenopoulos, C. S., Unlu, E. and Berrebi, P. 2002. Phyolgeny and biogeography of the family Cyprinidae in the Middle East inferred from cytochrome b DNA-Evolutionary significance of this region. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 22 (1): 91-100.
Elmerot, C., Arnason, U., Gojobori, T. and Janke, A. 2002. The mitochondrial genome of the pufferfish, Fugu rubripes, and ordinal teleostean relationships. Gene 295: 163-172.
Elvevoll, E. O., Sorensen, N. K., Osterud, B., Ofstad, R. and Martinez, I. 1996. Processing of marine foods. Meat Science 43 (8): 265-275.
Etienne, M., Fleurence, J., Rehbin, H., Kundiger, R., Yman, I. M., Frem, M., Craig, A., Mackie, I. M., Jessen, F., Smelt, A. and Luten, J. 1999. A standardized method of identification of raw and heat-processed fish by urea isoelectric focusing: A collaborative study. Electrophoresis 20: 1923-1933.
Forte, V. T., Di Pinto, A., Martino, C., Tantillo, G. M., Grasso, G. and Schena, F. P. 2005. A general multiplex PCR assay for the general detection of genetically modified soya and maize. Food Control 16: 535-539.
Garesse, R. and Vallejo, C. G. 2001. Animal mitochondrial biogenesis and function: a regulatory cross-talk between two genome. Gene 263: 1-16.
Garrett, R. H. and Grisham, C. M. 1999. Biochemistry, 2nd Edition. Saunders College Publishing. USA.
Gasser, R. B. and Chilton, N. B. 1995. Characterisation of taeniid cestode species by PCR-RFLP of ITS2 ribosomal DNA. Acta Tropica 59: 31-40.
Graham, J. B. and Dickson, K. A. 2000. The evolution of thunniform locomotion and heat conservation in scombrid fishes: New insights based on the morphology of Allothunnus fallai. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 129 (4): 419-466.
Griffiths, C. S. 1997. Correlation of functional domains and rates of nucleotide substitution in cytochrome b. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 7 (3): 352-365.
Han, D. D., Chen, R., Hill, E. R., Tilley, M. R. and Gu, H. H. 2006. Cause and solutions to the polymerase chain reaction smear problem in genotyping. Analytical Biochemistry 353: 296-298.
Han, K. and Ely, B. 2002. Use of AFLP analyses to assess genetic variation in Morone and Thunnus species. Marine Biotechnology 4: 141-145.
Hashimoto, K., Watabe, S., Nakagawa, T. and sorita, K. 1984. Electrophoretic identification of three subspecies of the genus Lagocephalus pufferfish. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 50: 115-118.
Hsieh, H. M., Chiang, H. L., Tsai, L. C., Lai, S. Y., Huang, N. E., Linacre, A. and Lee, J. C. 2001. Cytochrome b gene for species identification of the conservation animals. Forensic Science International 122: 7-18.
Hsieh, Y. W., Shiu, Y. C., Cheng, C. A., Chen, S. K. and Hwang, D. F. 2002. Identification of toxin and fish species in cooked fish liver implicated in food poisoning. Journal of Food Science 67 (3): 948-952.
Hsish, H. S., Chai, T., Cheng, C. A., Hsieh, Y. W. and Hwang, D. F. 2004. Application of DNA technique for identifying the species of different processed products of swordfish meat. Journal of Food Science 69: 1-6.
Hubert, N., Bonillo, C. and Paugy, D. 2005. Early divergence among the Alestidae (Teleostei, Ostariophyses, Characiformes): Mitochondrial evidances and congruence with morphological data. Comptes Rendus Biologies 328: 477-491.
Hung, T. S., Marshall, M. R. and Wei, C. I. 1995. Identification of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) using electrophoretic techniques. Journal of Food Science 60: 279-283.
Hunt, D. J., Parkes, H. C. and Lumley, I. D. 1997. Identification of the species of origin of raw and cooked meat products using oligonucleotide probes. Food Chemistry 60 (3): 437-442.
Hurst, C. D., Bartlett, S. E., Davidson, W. S. and Bruce, I. J. 1999. The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Gene 239: 237-242.
Hwang, D. F., Hsieh, Y. W., Shiu, Y. C., Chen, S. K. and Cheng, C. A. 2002. Identification of tetrodotoxin and fish species in a dried dressed fish fillet implicated in food poisoning. Journal of Food Protection 65 (2): 389-392.
Hwang, D. F., Jen, H. C., Hsieh, Y. W. and Shiau., C. Y. 2004. Applying DNA techniques to the identification of the species of dressed toasted eel products. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 52: 5972-5977.
Infante, C., Catanese, G., Ponce, M. and Manchado, M. 2004. Novel method for the authentication of frigate tunas (Auxis thazard and Auxis rochei) in commercial canned products. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 52: 7435-7443.
Innis, M. A. and Gelfand, D. H. 1990. Optimization of PCR. In PCR Protocols-A Guide to Methods and Applications. pp.3-12. Academic Press Inc., New York.
Inoue, J. G., Miya, M., Tsukamoto, K. and Nishida, M. 2000. Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus. Fisheries Science 66: 924-932.
Inoue, J. G., Miya, M., Tsukamoto, K. and Nishida, M. 2001a. A mitogenomic perspective on the basal teleostean phylogeny: Resolving higher-level relationships with longer DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20 (2): 275-285.
Inoue, J. G., Miya, M., Tsukamoto, K. and Nishida, M. 2001b. Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Conger myriaster (Teleostei: Anguilliformes): Novel gene order for vertebrate mitochondrial genomes and the phylogenetic implications for anguilliform families. Journal of Molecular Evolution 52 (4): 311-320.
Inoue, J. G., Miya, M., Aoyama, J., Ishikawa, S., Tsukamoto, K. and Nishida, M. 2001c. Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica. Fisheries Science 67: 118-125.
Ishida, K., Zhu, B. -L., Sakoda, S., Quan, L., Oritani, S., Fujita, M. Q. and Maeda, H. 2000. Significance of DNA analysis for determination of ABO blood groups from hair and nail of decomposed human remain: a comparison with phenotyping by the absorption-elution method. Legal Medicine 2000 (2): 212-215.
Iwata, S., Lee, J. W., Okada, K., Lee, J. K., Iwata, M., Rasmussen, B., Link, T. A., Ramaswamy, S. and Jap, B. K. 1998. Complete structure of the 11-subunit bovine mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 complex. Science 281: 64-71.
James, D. and Schmidt, A. 2004. Use of an intron region of a chloroplast tRNA gene (trnL) as a target for PCR identification of specific food crops including sources of potential allergens. Food Research International 37: 395-402.
Janusz, M., Bujnicki, M. R. and Leszek, R. 2001. Polyphyletic evolution of type II restriction enzymes revisited: two independent sources of second-hand folds revealed. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 26 (1): 9-11.
Jofre, A., Martin, B., Garriga, M., Hugas, M., Pla, M., Rodriguez-Lazaro, D. and Aymerich, T. 2005. Simultaneous detection of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella by multiplex PCR in cooked ham. Food Microbiology 22: 109-115.
Jones, J. L. 1991. DNA probes: Application in the food industry. Trend Food Science Technology 2: 28-32.
Ketmaier, V., Bianco, P. G., Cobolli, M., Krivokapic, M., Caniglia, R. and Matthaeis, E. D. 2004. Molecular phylogeny of two lineages of Leuciscinae cyprinids (Telestes and Scardinius) from the peri-Mediterranean area based on cytochrome b data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32: 1061-1071.
Kleines, M., Schellenberg, K. and Ritter, K. 2003. Efficient extraction of viral DNA and viral RNA by the Chemagic Viral DNA/RNA Kit allow sensitive detection of Cytomegalovirus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis G Virus by PCR. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 11: 5273-5276.
Kocher, T. D., Thomas, W. K., Meyer, A., Edwards, S. V., Paabo, S., Villablanca, F. X. and Wilson, A. C. 1989. Dynamics of mitochondrial DNA evolution in animals: Amplification and sequencing with conserved primers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 86: 6196-6200.
Kotlik, P. and Berrebi, P. 2002. Genetic subdivision and biogeography of the Danubian rheophilic barb Barbus petenyi inferred from phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA variation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 24: 10-18.
Kurihara, A., Tawata, M., Ikegishi, Y., Aida, K. and Onaya, T. 1999. The procedure of polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment – single strand conformation polymorphism analysis by Hha I / Hinc II to detect mitochondrial DNA mutations. Life Sciences 64 (14): 1223-1230.
Lahiff, S., Glennon, M., O’Brien, L., Lyng, J., Smith, T., Macher, M. and Shilton, N. 2001. Species-specific PCR for the identification of ovine, porcine and chicken species in meat and bone meal (MBM). Molecular and Cellular Probes 15: 27-35.
Lee, J. S., Miya, M., Lee, Y. S., Kim, C. G., Park, E. H., Aoki, Y. and Nishida, M. 2001. The complete DNA sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the self-fertilizing fish Rivulus marmoratus (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae) and the first description of duplication of a control region in fish. Gene 280: 1-7.
Leonard, J. V. and Schapira, A. H. V. 2000. Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders I: mitochondrial DNA defects. The Lancet 355: 299-304.
Lin, W. F., Shiau, C. Y. and Hwang, D. F. 2005. Identification of four Thunnus tuna species using mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence and PCR-RFLP analysis. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 13: 383-388.
Lopez, V., Fernandez-Espinar, M. T., Barrio, E., Ramon, D. and Querol, A. 2003. A new PCR-based method for monitoring inoculated wine fermentations. International Journal of Food Microbiology 81: 63-71.
Lumini, E., Bosco, M. and Fernandez, M. P. 1996. PCR-RFLP and total DNA homology revealed three related genomic species among broad-host-range Frankia strains. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 21: 303-311.
Mabuchi, K., Okuda, N. and Nishida, M. 2006. Molecular phylogeny and stripe pattern evolution in the cardinalfish genus Apogon. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 38: 90-99.
Mackie, I. M. 1997a. Identify fish. In Food Authenticity. pp. 140-170. Blackie Academic and Professional. London.
Mackie, I. M. 1997b. Methods of identifying species of raw and processed fish. In Fish Processing Technology, 2nd Edition. pp. 160-199. Blackie Academic and Professional, London.
Manchado, M., Catanese G. and Infante, C. 2004. Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the Atlantic bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus. Fisheries Science 70: 68-73.
Mandavilli, B. S., Santos, J. H. and Houten, B. V. 2002. Mitochondrial DNA repair and agong. Mutation Research 509: 127-151.
Matsunaga, T., Chikuni, K., Tanabe, R., Muroya, S., Shibata, K., Yamada, J. and Shinmura, Y. 1999. A quick and simple method for the identification of meat species and meat products by PCR assay. Meat Science 51: 143-148.
Miya, M. and Nishida, M. 2000. Use of mitogenomic information in teleostean molecular phylogenetics: A tree-based exploration under the maximum-parsimony optimality criterion. Phylogenetics and Evolution 17 (3): 437-455.
Moritz, C., Dowling, T. E. and Brown, W. M. 1987. Evolution of animal mitochondrial DNA: Relevance for population biology and systematics. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 18: 262-269.
Niwa, Y., Nakazawa, A., Margulies, D., Scholey, V. P., Wexler, J. B. and Chow, S. 2003. Genetic monitoring for spawning ecology of captive yellofin tuna (Thunnus albacares) using mitochondrial DNA variation. Aquaculture 218: 387-395.
Nozawa, H., Yamamoto, T., Uchihi, R., Yoshimoto, T., Tamaki, K., Hayashi, S., Ozawa, T. and Katsumata. 1999. Purification of nuclear DNA from single hair shafts for DNA analysis in forensic sciences. Legal Medicine 1999 (1): 61-67.
Orrell, T. M. and Carpenter, K. E. 2004. A phylogeny of the fish family Sparidae (porgies) inferred from mitochondrial sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32: 425-434.
Pardo, M. A. and Perez-Villareal, B. 2004. Identification of commercial canned tuna species by restriction site analysis of mitochondrial DNA products obtained by nested primer PCR. Food Chemistry 86: 143-150.
Partis, L., Croan, D., Guo, Z., Clark, R., Coldham, T. and Murty, J. 2000. Evaluation of a DNA fingerprinting method for determining the species origin of meats. Meat Science 54 (4): 369-376.
Quinteiro, J., Sotelo, C. G., Rehbein, H., Pryde, S. E., Medina, I., Perez-Martin, R., Rey-Mendez, M., and Mackie, I. M. 1998. Use of mtDNA direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism methodologies in species identification of canned tuna. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 46: 1662-1669.
Ram, L. J., Ram, M. L. and Baidoun, F. F. 1996. Authentication of canned tuna and bonito by sequence and restriction site analysis of polymerase chain reaction products of mitochondrial DNA. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 44: 2460-2467.
Reed, D. L., deGravelle, M. J. and Carpenter, K. E. 2001. Molecular systematics of Selence (Perciformes: Carangidae) based on cytochrome b sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 21 (3): 468-475.
Reed, D. L., Carpenter, K. E. and deGravelle, M. J. 2002. Molecular systematics of the Jacks (Perciformes: Carangidae) based on mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences using parsimony, likelihood, and Bayesian approaches. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23: 513-524.
Rehbein, H., Etienne, M., Jerome, M., Hattula, T., Knudsen, B., Jessen, F., Luten, J. B., Bouquet, W., Mackie, I. M., Ritchie, A. H., Martin, R. and Mendes, R. 1995. Influence of variation in methodology on reliability of the isoelectric focusing method of fish species identification. Food Chemistry 52: 193-197.
Rehbein, H., Kress, G. and Schmidt, T. 1997. Application of PCR-SSCP to species identification of fishery products. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 74: 35-41.
Rehbein, H., Mackie, I. M., Pryde, S., Gonzales-Sotelo, C., Medina, I., Perez-Martin, R., Quinteiro, J., and Rey-Mendez, M. 1999. Fish species identification in canned tuna by PCR-SSCP: validation by a collaborative study and investigation of intra-species variability of the DNA-patterns. Food Chemistry 64: 263-268.
Rio, B., Binetti, A. G., Martin, M. C., Fernandez, M., Magadan, A. H. and Alvarez, M. A. 2007. Multiplex PCR for the detection and identification of dairy bacteriophages in milk. Food Microbiology 24: 75-81.
Rokas, A., Ladoukakis, E. and Zouros, E. 2003. Animal mitochondrial DNA recombination revisited. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18 (8): 411-417.
Ruby, J. D., Li, Y., Luo, Y. and Caufield, P. W. 2002. Genetic characterization of the oral Actinomyces. Archives of Oral Biology 47: 457-463.
Russell, V. J., Hold, G. L., Pryde, S. E., Rehbean, H., Quinteiro, J., Rey, -M. M., Sotelo, C. G., Santos, A. T. and Rosa, C. 2000. Use of restriction fragment length polymorphism to distinguish between salmon species. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 48: 2184-2188.
Saitoh, K. 1998. Genetic variation and local differentiation in the Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus around Japan revealed by mt RNA and RAPD markers. Fisheries Science 64 (5): 673-679.
Santos, J., Fernandes, P. and Bardsley, R. 2003. Portuguese “PDO” cheese and species origin of milk. Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry: 1579-4377.
Sato, T., Matsuyama, J., Takahashi, N., Sato, M., Johnson, J., Schachtele, C. and Hoshino, E. 1998. Differentiation of oral Actinomyces species by 16S ribosomal DNA polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment length polymorphism. Archives of Oral Biology 43: 247-252.
Schon, E. A. 2000. Mitochondrial genetics and disease. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 25 (11): 555-560.
Settanni, L. and Corsetti, A. 2006. The use of multiplex PCR to detect and differentiate food- and beverage-associated microorganisms: A review. Journal of Microbiological Methods 69 (1): 1-22.
Sezaki, K., Kuboshima, Y., Mitani, I., Fukui, A. and Watabe, S. 2001. Identification of chub and spotted mackerels with mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and its application to respective pelagic eggs fixed with formalin. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 67 (2): 17-22.
Sloss, B. L., Billington, N. and Burr, B. M. 2004. A molecular phylogeny of the Percidae (Teleostei, Perciformes) based on mitochondrial DNA sequence. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32: 545-562.
Sotelo, C. G., Pineiro, C., Gallardo, J. M. and Perez-Martin, R. I. 1993. Fish species identification in seafood products. Trends in Food Science and Technology 4: 395-401.
Southern, S., Peter, J. S. and Andrew, E. D. 1988. Molecular characterization of cloned mitochondrial genome. Journal of Molecular Evolution 28: 32-42.
Stoneking, M. and Soodyall, H. 1996. Human evolution and the mitochondrial genome. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 6: 731-736.
Taanman, J. -W. 1999. The mitochondrial genome: Structure, transcription, translation and replication. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1410: 103-123.
Tagliavini, J., Harrison, I. J. and Gandolfi, G. 1995. Discrimination between Anguilla anguilla and A. rostrata by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Journal of Fish Biology 47: 741-743.
Takeyama, H., Chow. S., Tsuzuki, H. and Matsunaga, T. 2001. Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation within and between tuna Thunnus species and its application to species identification. Journal of Fish Biology 58: 1646-1657.
Tamura, K. 2000. On the estimation of the rate of nucleotide substitution for the control region of human mitochondrial DNA. Gene 259: 189-197.
Taniguchi, N., and Toshio, M. 1979. Identification of European, American, and Japanese eels by lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase isozyme patterns. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 45 (1): 37-41.
Taniguchi, N., Takahashi, J. and Konishi, Y. 1972. Studies on a biochemical method for identification of the European and Japanese freshwater eel. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 38 (6): 627-631.
Tzeng, C. S., Hui, C. F., Shen, S. C. and Huang, P. C. 1992. The complete nucleotide sequence of the Crossostoma lacustre mitochondrial genome: Conservation and variations among vertebrates. Nucleic Acids Research 20 (18): 4853-4858.
Van Houdt, J. K., Hellemans, B. and Volckaert, F. A. M. 2003. Phylogenetic relationships among Palearctic and Nearctic burbot (Lota lota): Pleistocene extinctions and recolonization. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 29: 599-612.
Williams, J. F. 1989. Optimization strategies for the polymerase chain reaction. BioTechniques 7 (7): 762-767.
Williams, J. G., Kubelik, A. R., Livak, K. J., Rafalski, J. A. and Tingey, S. V. 1990. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Research 18: 531-535.
Wilson, A. C., Cann, R. L., Carr, S. M., George, M., Gyllensten, U. B., Higughi, R. G., Palumbi, S. R., Prager, E. M., Sage, R. D. and Stoneking, M. 1985. Mitochondrial DNA and two perspectives on evolutionary genetics. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 26: 375-400.
Wolf, C., Rentsch, J. and Hubner, P. 1999. PCR-RFLP analysis of mitochondrial DNA: A reliable method for species identification. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 47 (4): 1350-1355.
Wu, Y. -Y., Delgado, R., Costello, R., Sunderland, T., Dukoff, R. and Csako, G. 2000. Quantitative assessment of apolipoprotein E genotypes by image analysis of PCR-RFLP fragments. Clinica Chimica Acta 293: 213-221.
吳清熊。1992。乾製品。水產加工技術,pp. 298-328. 華香園出版社。台北。
吳清熊、邱思魁。1996。水產食品學。國立編譯館。台北。
李嘉亮。1990。台灣常見魚類圖鑑3-岩石海岸魚,pp. 107-113。戶外生活圖書股份有限公司。台北。
沈世傑。1993。鯖亞目,鯖科。台灣魚類誌,pp. 554-559。國立台灣大學動物學系。台北。
林榮輝。1998。進階版生物技術,pp. 246-250。臺大醫院出版。台北。
邵廣昭、陳天任、賴景陽、何平合、柳芝蓮、陳章波。1996。鯖科。台灣常見魚介貝類圖說(下),pp. 227-235。台灣省漁業局。台北。
胡興華。2000。台灣漁業發展與作業漁場-鮪漁業篇。鮪魚年鑑,pp. 1-27。台灣區遠洋鮪漁船魚類輸出業同業公會。台北。
孫泰□、孫泰安。1972。鮪延繩釣獲魚類之生態及分布。台灣遠洋鮪釣漁業,pp. 14-36。中華農村復興聯合委員會。台北。
馬保之。1981。水產品罐頭。罐頭食品大全,pp. 696-732。食品工業發展研究所。新竹。
傅新輔。2000。鮪漁業常見之漁獲對象。鮪魚年鑑,pp. 215-226。台灣區遠洋鮪漁船魚類輸出業同業公會。台北。
黃鵬林、王愛玉、劉瑞芬、莊榮輝。2001。生物技術核心實驗。生物技術方法,卷一。國立台灣大學生物技術研究中心。台北。
賴滋漢、金安兒。1991。食品加工學製品篇。精華出版社。台中。
賴滋漢、金安兒、柯文慶。1992。食品加工學方法篇,pp. 306-309。精華出版社。台中。
QRCODE
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top