臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

大型甲殼類為潮間帶常見物種之一，在潮間帶生態中佔有重要生態地位。但甲殼類在潮間帶的棲地卻也最容易受到人為的破壞與干擾，在台灣目前已有超過50%的天然海岸線被人工結構所取代。本研究主要是要了解大型甲殼類（十足目及蔓足目）在天然岩岸與人工消波塊間群聚結構之變動，以探討海岸人工化後對大型甲殼類影響的調查。地點選在台灣東北部三個漁港四周，結果顯示甲殼類群聚結構及分佈在天然岩岸與人工消波塊上有明顯不同。近50％的物種只在天然沿岸發現，天然岩岸具有較高的生物多樣性。在高潮線與中潮線，最具代表性之物種為黑潮笠藤壺，而藍色細螯寄居蟹則是低潮線之優勢種。雖然在生長率及新族群的產生上在兩種棲地上並無明顯差異，但本研究發現了7種採獲數量最高的異尾類中，包括活額寄居蟹科及寄居蟹科，其抱卵個體在天然岩岸與人工消波塊上有明顯不同，大多數抱卵個體只在天然棲地發現。瞭解人工岩岸潛在的影響對在天然資源的保育及管理是非常重要的。

Macrocrustacean are common intertidal animals, which taking the major spaces and have important ecological roles. Their intertidal habitats are also most easily be damaged and disturbed by human activities. In Taiwan, more than 50% of coastline was replaced by the artificial structures. The objective of the present project is to investigate the variation in the macrocrustacean assemblage (ie. dacapoda and cirripedia) between natural rocky shores and artificial wave breakers in the intertidal zones. Results indicated that natural rocky shore and artificial wave breaker have considerable different crustacean assemblage structure and distribution at three different tidal levels among locations. Nearly 50% species (all are decapoda) only found on natural rocky shores. Natural rocky shores support greater diversity. Tetraclita kuroshioensis (barnacle) are diagnostic species at both high-shore and mid-shore level between natural rocky shore and artificial wave breakers. Clibanarius virescens (hermit crab) are diagnostic species at low-shore level. The growth rates and appearence of new cohorts were not considerable different between natural rocky shores and artificial wave breakers, but the presence of ovigerous female (7 species of hermit crabs) were markedly different between two habitats. Most of the ovigerous female were found on natural rocky shores. Understanding of the potential impacts of artificial shore line is important for conservation and management of natural marine resources.

謝辭
摘要Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Result
Discussion
References
Table
Figure
Appendix

Benedetti-Cecchi, L., F. Bulleri and F. Cinelli. 2000. The interplay of physical and biological factors in maintaining mid-shore and low-shore assemblages on rocky coasts in the north-west Mediterranean. Oecologia, 123: 406-417.

Bulleri, F. 2005. Experimental evaluation of early patterns of colonisation of space on rocky shores and seawalls. Marine Environmental Research, 60: 355-374.

Bulleri, F. and M.G. Chapman. 2004. Intertidal assemblages on artificial and natural habitats in marinas on the north-west coast of ltaly. Marine Biology, 145: 381-391.

Bulleri, F., M.G. Chapman and A.J. Underwood. 2005. Intertidal assemblages on seawalls and vertical rocky shores in Sydney Harbour, Australia. Austral Ecology, 30: 655-667.

Chapman, M.G. 2003. Paucity of mobile species on constructed seawalls: effects of urbanization on biodiversity. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 264: 21-29.

Chapman, M.G. and F. Bulleri. 2003. Intertidal seawalls- new features of landscape in intertidal environment. Landscape and Urban Planning, 62: 159-172.

Clarke, K.R. 1993. Non-parametric multivariate analyses of changes in community structure. Austral Ecology, 18(1):117-143.

Connell, S.D. 2001. Urban structures as marine habitats: an experimental comparsion of the composition and abundance of subtidal epibiota among pilings, pontoons and rocky reefs. Marine Environmental Research, 52: 115-125.

Holloway, M.G. and S.D. Connell. 2002. Why do floating structures create novel habitats for subtidal epibiota? Marine Ecology Progress Series, 235: 43-52.

Moreira, J., M.G. Chapman and A.J. Underwood. 2006. Seawalls do not sustain viable populations of limpets. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 322: 179-188.


Underwood, A. J. and M.G. Chapman. 1989. Experimental analyses of the influences of topography of the substratum on movements and density of an intertidal snail, Littorina unifasciata. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 134(3): 175-196.