臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究在2003年9月至2006年10月，針對淡水河河口沿岸水域之基礎生產力與植物性浮游生物現存量之季節變動進行研究。發現此海域溫度與磷酸鹽為控制植浮變動之主要控制因子。溫度呈現兩季變化型態，＞25℃為暖季，＜25℃為冷季，暖季有明顯成層現象，磷酸鹽濃度低，冷季垂直混合明顯，磷酸鹽由底層供應。基礎生產力與葉綠素a會隨著溫度呈現明顯的季節變化，而矽藻現存量在0.2 × 107 ~ 8.3 × 108 cells m-3之間，與溫度呈指數相關，因此基礎生產力與植物性浮游生物現存量之季節變動與矽藻無密切關係。
藻華主要受到淡水注入所挾帶之營養鹽及有光層深度所控制，暖季時河川帶入之營養鹽會造成矽藻藻華，當淡水剛進入此沿岸水域時，因濁度高而造成有光層深度相當淺，受到光限制的影響使得整個水域之基礎生產力與矽藻現存量皆相當低，隨著有光層深度的增加，植物性浮游生物的基礎生產力及矽藻現存量皆達到最高值，此時為矽藻藻華時期。最後因營養鹽用盡，矽藻現存量又會恢復成原來的背景值。

關鍵詞：矽藻、藻華、植物性浮游生物、河口沿岸水域。

We analyzed the seasonal variation of primary production and the phytoplankton biomass in the Danshuei River estuary and adjacent coastal area during the period of September 2003 to October 2006. In the estuary coastal area, phosphate and temperature are both limiting factor of phytoplankton variation. A two-phased (warm＞25℃；cold＜25℃) seasonal cycle was found in primary production and phytoplankton biomass. In the warm season, the water column showed stratification, low phosphate concentration, high primary production and chlorophyll a. On the other hand, an opposite phenomenon was observed in the cold season. Primary production and chlorophyll a were highly related with temperatures, but diatom abundance was ranged between 0.2 × 107 and 8.3 × 108 cells m-3, which showed an exponential relationship with temperature. Therefore we suggest that the diatom is not a main contributer to the seasonal variation of primary production and chlorophyll a.
The diatom bloom in warm season was resulted from the high concentration of nutrient (phosphate) and the euphotic depth. During the first phase of the discharge of river water, the water column was very turbid and the euphotic depth was shallow, therefore both primary production and diatom abundance wwew rather low, and light was the limiting factor. The light condition was improved gradually after the euphotic zone was increased, in the meanwhile primary production of phytoplankton and diatom abundance were increased to peak value and diatom bloom occurred. When nutrient was exhausted, the diatom bloom ended, and diatom community returned to a Background Assemblage.

Keywords：Diatom、diatom bloom、phytoplankton、estuary and
adjacent coastal area.

目 錄

摘要……………………………………………………………I
英文摘要………………………………………………………II
目錄……………………………………………………………III
表目錄…………………………………………………………V
圖目錄…………………………………………………………VI
第一章 前言 …………………………………………………1
第二章 材料方法 ……………………………………………4
2.1 採樣及測站……………………………………4
2.2 矽藻的計數及分類……………………………5
2.3 營養鹽、葉綠素、基礎生產力
及光合作用效率………………………………6
2.3.1營養鹽 …………………………………6
2.3.2葉綠素 …………………………………7
2.3.3基礎生產力 ……………………………7
2.3.4光合作用效率 …………………………9
2.4 密度梯度及有光層深度………………………10
2.4.1密度梯度 ………………………………10
2.4.2有光層深度 ……………………………10
第三章 結果 …………………………………………………12
3.1 淡水河河口沿岸水域水文環境之季節變動…12
3.2 基礎生產力、葉綠素、光合作用效率
與矽藻現存量…………………………………13
3.2.1基礎生產力 ……………………………13
3.2.2葉綠素 …………………………………14
3.2.3光合作用效率 …………………………14
3.2.4矽藻現存量 ……………………………14
第四章 討論 ……………………………………………… 16
4.1淡水河河口沿岸水域之海洋環境 ……………16
4.2基礎生產力、葉綠素及矽藻現存量
之季節變動……………………………………18
4.3 矽藻藻華的產生………………………………19
參考文獻………………………………………………………22

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