臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本篇論文主要目標是針對傳統樹狀架構的被動光網路在傳輸時一但光鏈路發生錯誤，無法即時有效的判別故障發生位置和無法具有存活能力等缺點，所提出一套改良式被動光網路架構，主要包含了被動光網路和錯誤偵測的架構。傳輸時利用光開關切換成兩路路徑P1和P2，分別為在正常下的P1饋線光纖和發生錯誤時切換成P2保護光纖，再經2X2耦合器、分歧器和2X1耦合器，進入終端光纖，最後經分波多工耦合器和濾波器後進入光網路單元。同理上傳也依相同路徑傳輸。監控時，可利用光開關切換成兩路路徑P3和P4，分別監控饋線光纖和終端光纖。
我們針對改良式被動光網路架構做了以下實驗：(1)改良式被動光網路架構與一般被動光網路架構經過傳輸光源接收測試，把所得到兩者的接收光功率值與光譜峰值相比較，得知所減少的光功率值是因為此改良式架構額外增加兩個耦合器(1X2 Coupler 和2X2 Coupler)和多了一些連接器的損耗，但可以顯示此改良式光網路架構跟一般被動光網路的架構之光訊號功率雖有減少但損耗不大，仍可提供本實驗之偵測錯誤發生架構。(2)利用光時域反射儀進行錯誤監控，其監控錯誤發生位置分別模擬饋線光纖發生光纖彎曲損耗、終端光纖處發生連接器接點鬆落和光被動元件發生故障事件，同時針對此以上錯誤事件點進行接收光功率、眼圖和光譜圖用來辨識錯誤的發生和利用光時域反射儀偵測錯誤發生位置，其所得實驗結果皆可準確地判斷故障發生的位置，以達到即時監控與修復的功能。且此改良式架構更具有傳統被動光網路所沒有的存活能力，大大改良當任一光鏈路發生光纖斷裂或彎曲受損時，造成大量資料的中斷與流失所產生的極大營運損失等好處。

The purpose of this thesis is to improve the traditional passive optical network structure including the passive optical network and fault detecting technology. The traditional tree topology is unable to survive and discriminate the fault location immediately once the optical path encounters a mistake while transmitting. Therefore, we utilize optical switch to switch over two routes P1 and P2 which are normal feeder fiber P1 and protecting fiber P2. Signal pass P1 and P2 and through 2X2 coupler, splitter, and 2X1 coupler into the drop fiber. Finally pass through WDM coupler and filter into ONU. The upstream signal is also transmitted in the same way. We can also utilize optical switch to switch over two routes P3 and P4 to monitor the feeder fiber and drop fiber, respectively.
We have done the following experiment of improved passive optical network structure: (1) we compare the difference of the received optical power and optical spectrum of improved and traditional passive optical network structure. The optical power from our improved passive optical network structure is reduced because of the additional couplers loss (2X2 coupler and 2X1 coupler) and connector loss but the reduction is in our acceptance. Thus, the improved passive optical network can still provide the structure for fault detecting. (2) We use OTDR to monitor the fault locations which are feeder fiber bending, or connector of drop fiber loosing, or optical passive component failure. The received optical power, eye diagram, and optical spectrum are showing the fault occurrence. OTDR traces are indicating the fault locations. The results of our experiment tell the fault locations accurately which provide the functions of monitoring and restoring. Our improved passive optical network structure not only has the survival ability which is lack in the traditional passive optical network but also benefit from the loss reduction resulting from the break or bending of the optical path.

目 錄

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.1.1 FTTx主要技術應用 2
1.2 研究動機與目的 4
1.3 論文架構 5
第二章 被動光網路發展和監控元件簡介 6
2.1 被動光纖網路建置之優點 6
2.2 光纖傳輸網路的發展與歷史 8
2.3 被動光纖網路的發展 10
2.3.1 異步傳輸被動光網路/寬頻被動光網路(A/B PON) 12
2.3.2 乙太被動光網路(E PON) 16
2.3.3 千兆被動光網路(G PON) 19
2.3.4 分波多工式被動光網路(WDM PON) 24
2.3.5 PON技術的比較 27
2.4 監測系統關鍵元件的簡介 31
2.4.1 光循環器之介紹 31
2.4.2 光開關之介紹 36
第三章 改良式被動光網路存活能力和即時監控技術 39
3.1 光纖網路上的存活能力和恢復機制 39
3.2 光時域反射儀概要 42
3.3 改良式被動光網路具有存活能力架構 44
3.4 改良式被動光網路監控技術 46
第四章 改良式被動光網路實驗與結果 48
4.1 改良式被動光網路架構說明 48
4.2 改良式被動光網路傳輸量測結果與討論 52
4.2.1 用光功率計比較其接收特性結果與討論 52
4.2.2 用光譜分析儀比較其接收特性結果與討論 53
4.3 改良式被動光網路監控結果與討論 56
4.3.1 Feeder Fiber發生事件時監控結果與討論 56
4.3.2 Drop Fiber發生事件時監控結果與討論 59
4.3.3 被動元件發生事件時監控結果與討論 62
4.4 改良式被動光網路接收端眼圖實驗與討論 64
4.5 結論 70
第五章 結論與未來展望 71
5.1 結論 71
5.2 未來展望 73
參考文獻 75
論文發表 78

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