臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣下水污泥量隨污水下水道用戶接管普及率上升而增加，其特性為有機質含量高。本研究利用歐、美、日等先進國家已開發之好氧嗜熱菌污泥減量技術，進行下水污泥高溫好氧消化減量特性之研究。
高溫好氧污泥減量技術其分解污泥主要可分為兩個步驟：(1) ㄧ部份之污泥迴流至高溫好氧反應槽，藉由嗜熱性細菌產生之水解酶，將結構複雜之大分子分解成容易被微生物利用之小分子，提高污泥之可生物降解性質；(2)當被分解成較小分子之污泥，再迴流至曝氣槽時，利用活性污泥中微生物分解及礦化，達成污泥分解之目的。
本研究採用S-TE process高去除效率之特點，進行高溫好氧消化應用於下水污泥減量特性之研究，本實驗分成兩部份進行，第一部份先將下水污泥給予預先加熱60~65℃及機械攪拌後，使細胞內有機質釋出，提高後續高溫好氧消化之效率，研究對污泥內微生物細胞壁之破碎效率；第二部份為進入高溫(65℃)好氧消化階段，將污泥以嗜熱性細菌好氧消化。經由本實驗結果得知第一部份污泥預熱最佳加熱溫度60℃~65℃，將污泥經過預熱60℃及機械攪拌破碎360分鐘後，污泥中溶解性COD值較未經過機械破碎之溶解性COD值為高，其顯示機械攪拌破碎具有破碎之效果；第二部份高溫好氧消化，批次消化5天之SS、VSS及CODss去除效率分別可達到53.7％、64.3％及63.3％，半連續消化9天之SS、VSS及CODt去除效率分別可達到30.2％、50.4％及24.8％，結果顯示本實驗於污泥破碎及高溫好氧消化均有良好之效果。

As the more popular sewerage treatment system, the more sludge produced in Taiwan. Depending on the characteristics of organic sludge, this study researches the properties of thermophilic aerobic digestion by innovative technologies developed.
In this process, the excess activated sludge is reduced in two stages : (1) A part of the returned sludge is solubilized with enzyme secreted from the thermophilic bacteria in the S-TE reactor. This enhances the bio-degradability of the return sludge. (2) The solubilized return sludge is then decomposed and mineralized by the activated sludge microorganisms in the aeration tank.
The focus is about the properties of thermophilic aerobic digestion applying in sewage by S-TE process. The experiments includes two parts: one is pre-heat at the level of 60~65℃, and find out the efficiency of disintegration cell well. The other is thermophilic aerobic digestion. The results show that the most advantageous temperature for microorganism is 60~65℃. In addition, dissolve COD twice as which not be 360 min agitating, indicate agitating help for the efficiency of disintegration. The results also show that removal efficiency in batch digestion of SS, VSS and CODss are 53.7％, 64.3％ and 63.3％. removal efficiency in semi-continuous digestion efficiency of SS, VSS and CODt are 30.2％, 50.4％ and 24.8％. Overall sludge broken and thermophilic aerobic digestion are positive help.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
目 錄 iii
表目錄 v
圖目錄 vi
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究內容 3
1.3.1 研究方法與流程 3
1.3.2 研究架構 3
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2.1 污泥之來源與基本特性 6
2.1.1 污泥之來源 6
2.1.2 污泥之基本特性 10
2.1.3 污泥之胞外聚合物EPS 12

2.2 各種污泥減量技術 14
2.2.1 熱水解技術 14
2.2.2 KREPRO process 16
2.2.3 超音波水解技術 18
2.2.4 旁流式污泥水解減量技術 20
2.2.5 整合性厭氧污泥水解減量系統 21
2.2.6 整合性好氧污泥水解減量系統 22
2.2.7 臭氧污泥減量技術 23
2.2.8 薄膜生物程序污泥減量技術 25
2.2.9 小結 27
2.3 好氧嗜熱菌污泥減量技術 29
2.3.1 嗜熱菌污泥減量技術之發展 29
2.3.2 高溫性微生物 29
2.3.3 高溫性污泥減量技術 31
2.3.4 嗜熱菌污泥減量技術之實廠案例 40
第三章 實驗方法與設備 43
3.1 實驗內容 43
3.1.1 實驗方法與原理 43
3.1.2 實驗流程 43
3.2 實驗材料與設備 44
3.2.1 下水污泥來源 44
3.2.2 植種嗜熱菌種來源 47
3.2.3 實驗設備與器材 47
3.3 實驗配置 53
3.3.1 下水污泥加熱及破碎配置 53
3.3.2 下水污泥好氧嗜熱菌消化實驗配置 54
3.4 實驗分析項目與方法 56
第四章 結果與討論 59
4.1 內湖污水處理廠之揮發性有機物成份比例變化 59
4.2 污泥預先處理破碎效率 60
4.2.1 污泥之熱處理溶出效率 60
4.2.2 污泥機械攪拌破碎之溶出效率 63
4.2.3 污泥預先處理之顯微鏡觀察 64
4.3 污泥批次進流消化 66
4.3.1 污泥批次消化嗜熱性細菌之密度 66
4.3.2 污泥批次消化時間對於減量效率之影響 68
4.3.3 污泥批次消化之反應速率 74
4.3.4 污泥批次消化產生氨氮之變化影響 77
4.4 污泥半連續進流消化 78
4.4.1 污泥半連續消化嗜熱性細菌之密度 78
4.4.2 污泥半連續消化時間對減量效率之影響 79
4.4.3 污泥半連續消化產生氨氮之變化影響 81
4.5 污泥消化之顯微鏡觀察 82
4.6 綜合討論 84
第五章 結論與建議 86
5.1 結論 86
5.2 建議 87
參考文獻 88
附錄
附錄A：內湖污水處理廠廢棄活性污泥有機物成份數據 93
附錄B：污泥加熱及機械攪拌數據 95
附錄C：高溫好氧批次消化數據 97
附錄D：高溫好氧半連續消化數據 99

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