在現今環保意識高漲的時代，設備節能已是熱門的議題。冰箱是家家戶戶具備的家電之一，長期運轉所累積的能量耗損不可忽視。目前所使用的R-134a冷媒屬於京都議定書所管制的溫室效應氣體，因此使用新型的環保冷媒是無法避免的趨勢，此外利用奈米技術提昇壓縮機運轉的潤滑性能也是節能的有效途徑。
本研究針對R-134a冷媒及聚酯類（POE）合成潤滑油的冰箱系統，以 R-600a/ R-290 混合比例各為50%之碳氫冷媒進行換裝，將POE合成潤滑油更換成礦物潤滑油，並在潤滑油中添加粒徑為20∼30 nm的Al2O3奈米粒子，添加濃度分別為0.05、0.1及0.2 wt.％。研究以改變負載大小及不同的奈米粒子添加量，最後將量測數據與R-134a / POE之冰箱進行相關性能比較與分析。
實驗結果顯示，在沒有改變任何元件的條件之下，容量50公升之冰箱以66 g的碳氫冷媒、礦物油與添加0.05~0.2wt.%的Al2O3奈米粒子之組合，取代其原有110g之R-134a 冷媒/ POE合成潤滑油時，其中以添加0.1wt.%的Al2O3奈米粒子的表現最為優異，耗電量平均消耗功率降低約2.4%，性能係數則提升4.4%，結果顯示，於潤滑油中加入低濃度的Al2O3奈米粒子，可節省其耗電量並減少對地球環境之衝擊。

Today there is a rise of environmental consciousness among people. The use of energy-saving equipments has become a very hot topic. Refrigerator is one of the home appliances that each family has. Its energy consumption accumulated for a long time should not be neglected. According to the Kyoto Protocol, the R-134a refrigerant commonly used by refrigerators belongs to a prohibited greenhouse gas. Therefore, it is inevitable to develop a new kind of refrigerant that meets the conditions of environmental protection. Besides, the use of nano technology to improve the lubricating function for the turning of compressor is also an effective means of energy saving.
The study replaces the synthetic lubricant with the combination of R-134a refrigerant and polyester (POE), which is originally applied to general refrigerators, by the hydrocarbon refrigerant composed of 50% of R-600a and 50% of R-290. The POE synthetic lubricant is also replaced by mineral lubricant. The Al2O3 nano particles at the diameter of 20∼30 nm are added to the lubricant. The weight concentration of the particles are 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2wt.% respectively. In the experiment, the loading size of freezer and the weight concentration of Al2O3 are changed. The measured data are compared with the data of the refrigerator originally using the R-134a / POE combination, to make a comparative analysis of different related functions.
The experimental results show that for a refrigerator at the capacity of 50 liters without the change of any component, when the 110g of synthetic lubricant composed of R-134a refrigerant / POE is replaced by the combination the 66g of hydrocarbon refrigerant / mineral oil / Al2O3 nanoparticles (0.05~0.2wt.%), the adding Al2O3 nanoparticles (0.1wt.%) in the refrigerator is more excellent than its original performance. The consumption power is reduced by about 2.4%, and the COP is increased 4.4%. As shown from the results, adding Al2O3 nano particle under lower concentration to lubricant can save the power consumption and decrease impacts to the environment of the earth.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌 謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究方法 3
1.4 論文架構 4
1.5 文獻回顧 5
第二章 相關理論分析 9
2.1 蒸氣壓縮冷凍循環系統之熱力分析 9
2.1.1 蒸氣壓縮冷凍循環之基本理論 9
2.1.2 理想蒸氣壓縮冷凍循環 9
2.1.3 實際蒸氣壓縮冷凍循環 10
2.1.4 冷媒之熱力性質分析 11
2.1.5 蒸氣壓縮冷凍循環系統之理論模式分析 13
2.2 冷凍系統中的潤滑油 15
2.2.1 冷凍潤滑油之重要性 15
2.2.2 冷凍潤滑油之分類與成份 16
2.2.2.1 礦物油 16
2.2.3 冷凍潤滑油之性質 18
2.2.4 冷凍潤滑油之溶解度 24
2.3 奈米流體 27
2.3.1 奈米流體的製備 27
2.3.2 奈米流體之熱傳增進機制 28
2.3.2.1 奈米流體熱傳導係數的估算 29
2.3.2.2 奈米流體的熱擴散係數估算 31
2.3.3 奈米流體的黏滯係數 32
第三章 實驗裝置設備與實驗方法 33
3.1 實驗設備介紹 33
3.1.1 實驗系統 33
3.1.2 量測系統 34
3.2 實驗架構 37
3.3 實驗方法與步驟 38
3.4 實驗的操縱變因 40
3.5 實驗數據量測與分析 40
3.5.1 實驗量測狀態點 41
3.5.2 碳氫冷媒性質資料庫的建立與應用 42
3.5.3 奈米冷凍油製備 42
3.5.4 實驗數據分析 43
第四章 結果與討論 45
4.1 冰箱冷凍庫無載最低庫溫試驗 45
4.2 冰箱冷凍庫加載運轉試驗 51
4.3 冰箱冷凍庫長時間運轉試驗 55
第五章 結論與建議 73
5.1 結論 73
5.2 建議 74
參考文獻 75
符號說明 79

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