臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究使用商用活性碳纖維，以硝酸含浸改質、氫氧化鉀含浸改質以及電化學改質輔以高溫處理的方式，對活性碳纖維布進行改質處理，再以場發射掃瞄式電子顯微鏡、氮氣等溫吸附/脫附實驗、熱重分析、X光光子光譜儀及X光繞射分析儀等多種分析方式討論改質後的活性碳纖維布特性與未處理的樣本間的差異。最後再以吸附貫穿實驗來實際驗證改質後樣本的吸附效能為提升或下降，並以此結果與過去學者所研究出的吸附貫穿方程式結合，推導出適用於活性碳纖維布管柱吸附系統的經驗方程式。
藉由場發射掃瞄式電子顯微鏡觀察，結果中顯示改質處理對於活性碳纖維表面會造成不同程度以及方式之破壞，硝酸改質以及氫氧化鉀改質對於纖維表面的破壞屬侵蝕性破壞，而電化學改質則是造成剝離性之破壞。熱重分析瞭解樣本在經過改質處理後熱穩定性降低，使得樣本產生最大重量損失之溫度降低。高解析C 1s圖譜分析則可得知樣本經過改質處理之樣本graphite carbon的含量皆會下降，而phenolic groups的含量則會增加。carbonyl groups除了硝酸改質處理外含量均增加，但在電化學改質樣本中若再經高溫處理則會使carbonyl groups消失。X光繞射分析指出各樣本均含有結晶形式為(0 0 2)以及(1 0 1)的石墨碳存在。氮氣等溫吸附/脫附實驗結果中可發現原樣本以及改質處理後之樣本均屬於微孔性材料。
活性碳纖維布吸附貫穿實驗之結果中顯示，環境溫度對於吸附異丙醇及丁酮的貫穿時間以及吸附量造成影響，隨著環境溫度的上升吸附量會降低，而貫穿時間則會提早。經由Wheeler方程式計算得到之kv值所預測之貫穿時間趨勢與實驗值有所差異，此結果顯示除了方程式中之變數仍可能有其他影響活性碳纖維布樣本吸附VOC之貫穿時間。

In this study, we use several treatments including nitric acid impregnation, potassium hydroxide (KOH) impregnation, electrochemical oxidation and heat treatment on PAN-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs). In order to find out what have been done in these treatments, there’s some analysis been taken. Surface morphology of ACFs were observed by field emission scanning electric microscope (FESEM) image. Textural characterization was performed using nitrogen adsorption at 77K. Thermal stability of ACFs were analyzed by using thermal gravity analysis (TGA). Quantities of surface oxygen groups and graphitic crystallite size were analyzed by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Breakthrough curves of methyl-ethyl-ketone (MEK) and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) were carried out understanding the adsorption kinetics of ACFs.
In the results of FESEM, we could find that surface morphology of ACFs were changed with different kinds of modification. There’s corrosion occurred on ACFs when using nitric acid or KOH for treatment. Electrochemical oxidation enabled ACFs to be stripped from its surface. Thermal stability of ACFs reduced after treatment were observed by TGA analysis. Surface chemistry of ACFs also changed after treatment. We could find that graphitic carbon decreased and phenolic groups increased after treatment. Carbonyl groups only decreased in the samples treated by nitric acid and heat treatment after electrochemical oxidation. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicate that there are graphitic carbon peaks located at 2θ are 26 and 44 o, which can be indexed to C (0 0 3) and C (1 0 1), respectively. Each sample is micro-porous material analyzed by using nitrogen adsorption at 77K.
In the breakthrough experiments, we could find that breakthrough time and VOCs amount adsorbed on ACFs decreased when temperature rised. Adsorption kinetic constant of Wheeler equation were fitted. Results of curve fitting tell us there remains some other parameters would affect the breakthrough time of adsorption of VOCs.

書名頁............................................................................................................................I
論文口試委員審定書...................................................................................................II
授權書..........................................................................................................................III
摘要..............................................................................................................................IV
Abstract.........................................................................................................................V
誌謝.............................................................................................................................VII
目錄.............................................................................................................................VIII
圖目錄...........................................................................................................................X
表目錄..........................................................................................................................XII

第一章 前言
1.1 研究緣起..............................................................................................................1-1
1.2 研究目的..............................................................................................................1-1
1.3 研究內容..............................................................................................................1-2

第二章 文獻回顧
2.1 活性碳纖維...........................................................................................................2-1
2.2 活性碳纖維製作..................................................................................................2-1
2.3 活性碳纖維改質技術..........................................................................................2-3
2.3.1 化學改質...................................................................................................2-4
2.3.2 電化學改質...............................................................................................2-4
2.3.3 熱處理改質...............................................................................................2-4
2.3.4 氧氣電漿改質...........................................................................................2-4
2.3.5 熱處理.......................................................................................................2-5
2.4 吸附理論..............................................................................................................2-5
2.4.1 吸附理論…………...................................................................................2-5
2.4.2 氮氣等溫吸附/脫附曲線..........................................................................2-6
2.4.3 丁酮及異丙醇之吸附...............................................................................2-8
2.5 吸附貫穿曲線......................................................................................................2-8

第三章 研究方法
3.1 研究流程規劃......................................................................................................3-1
3.2 活性碳纖維布......................................................................................................3-2
3.3 活性碳纖維布改質處理......................................................................................3-2
3.3.1 硝酸含浸改質...........................................................................................3-2
3.3.2 氫氧化鉀含浸改質...................................................................................3-3
3.3.3 電化學改質...............................................................................................3-4
3.3.4 樣本高溫處理...........................................................................................3-5
3.4 活性碳纖維布特性分析......................................................................................3-6
3.4.1 場發射掃瞄式電子顯微鏡.......................................................................3-6
3.4.2 熱重分析儀...............................................................................................3-6
3.4.3 X光光子光譜儀........................................................................................3-7
3.4.4 X光繞射分析儀........................................................................................3-7
3.4.5氮氣等溫吸附/脫附實驗...........................................................................3-7
3.5 吸附貫穿實驗
3.6.1吸附系統之建立........................................................................................3-7
3.5.2 吸附質........................................................................................................3-9
3.5.3 實驗操作流程...........................................................................................3-10
3.6 吸附理論模式之建立..........................................................................................3-11

第四章 結果與討論
4.1活性碳纖維布物化特性分析...............................................................................4-1
4.1.1 場發射掃瞄式電子顯微鏡.......................................................................4-1
4.1.2 熱重分析....................…………………………………………………...4-3
4.1.3 化學分析能譜...........................................................................................4-8
4.1.4 X光繞射分析圖譜..................................................................................4-15
4.1.5 N2等溫吸/脫附曲線................................................................................4-17
4.1.6 小結.........................................................................................................4-22
4.2活性碳纖維布吸附丁酮、異丙醇之效能分析.................................................4-22
4.2.1 活性碳纖維布吸附丁酮之貫穿曲線及吸附量分析.............................4-23
4.2.2 活性碳纖維布吸附異丙醇之貫穿曲線及吸附量分析……………….4-28
4.2.3 小結.........................................................................................................4-34
4.3 活性碳纖維布貫穿實驗之相關性分析............................................................4-34

第五章 結論與建議
5.1 結論......................................................................................................................5-1
5.2 建議......................................................................................................................5-2

參考文獻.................................................................................................................R-1
口試委員意見回覆表..........................................................................................R-5

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