臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文研究主要探討由金屬鎢(W)、鉻酸鋇(BaCrO4)、過氯酸鉀(KClO4)及二氧化矽(SiO2)四種不同成分混合而成之鎢系低燃速延期藥的燃燒性能。在配方組成規劃上，係以原始配方的重量比例W：BaCrO4：KClO4：SiO2：Viton＝27：54：11：6：2為基準，除膠合劑Viton的重量比例2％維持不變外，而在20％的變異條件內調整四種不同成分之重量比例所構成的28組延期藥配方。由於NASA-Lewis Code(CET-86)的數據資料庫中不含金屬鎢及其相關化合物的熱力學參數，本研究首先擴充數據資料庫，建置金屬鎢及其相關化合物的熱力學參數，再利用NASA-Lewis程式(CET-86)進行燃燒熱力學理論的平衡計算，評估四種成分之重量比例改變對燃燒溫度與壓力的影響；其次再利用熱分析技術，以微分掃描熱卡計(Differential Scanning Calorimetry, DSC)結合熱重分析儀(Thermogravimetric Analysis, TGA)的實驗瞭解不同成分混合而成之鎢系低燃速延期藥的化學反應性能，研析各成分對延期藥化學反應機構之影響，建構不同組成配方反應熱及重量損失的量測數據，分析不同配方各成分重量變化對延期藥反應性能之影響；最後亦利用實驗方法實際量測延期藥配方之點火、延期及能量輸出性能，實驗採用實體延期藥柱，裝填於耐熱石英管中以電熱絲通電點燃，藥柱燃燒全程以高速攝影機拍攝，配合數位影片剪輯系統觀測燃燒現象，同時於石英管末端安置熱電偶量測延期藥輸出溫度，實際建構不同組成配方燃燒性能的量測數據，分析配方各成分對延期藥燃燒性能之影響。此外，我們也建立了改良延期藥配方性能評估流程，所有研究成果可作為鎢系低燃速延期藥配方改良的重要參考依據，並有助於引信自毀機構模組之研發設計。

The combustion performance of delay composition formulas which were composed of W, BaCrO4, KClO4 and SiO2 were studied. We varied weight percentage of primitive formula of these four components in range. The 28 experimental formulas with various weight ratios were analyzed. Because the database of NASA-Lewis Code (CET-86) was not including the thermodynamic parameters of metal tungsten and relevant chemical compounds, it was considered that it should be built the thermodynamic parameters of metal tungsten and relevant chemical compounds, and expanded the database. We used NASA-Lewis computer code (CET-86) to calculate the properties of the theoretical thermodynamic equilibrium and evaluated these four components’ weight percentage on the influence of the equilibrium temperature and pressure of burning. Afterward, we have been studied using thermal analysis techniques by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TGA). Lastly, we used experimental method to measure actual igniting ability, burning rate and outputting temperature. The cylindrical delay composition was packed into a heat-resisting quartz tube and was ignited by heating wire. The phenomena of ignition, combustion and flame propagation of delay composition in the quartz tube were recorded by using a high-speed camera and the digital editing image system. Furthermore, we placed a thermocouple on the end of quartz tube to measure the flame temperature of outlet. The composition of formulas on the influence of the combustion performance was analyzed from experimental data. In addtion, we also built performance-evaluating procedures of delay composition formula. These analytic results are very important and useful for defining criteria in formulating the tungsten type slow-propagation delay composition, as well as for improving self-destruction designs of fuse.

誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
ABSTRACT iv
目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
圖目錄 x
符號說明與縮寫 xvii
1. 緒論 1
1.1 文獻回顧 1
1.2 研究動機及目的 7
2. 研究方法 9
2.1 延期藥熱力學性質的計算 9
2.2 延期藥熱分析實驗 10
2.3 延期藥燃燒、點火及延期性能測試 10
3. 實驗 11
3.1 實驗藥品及規格 11
3.2 儀器設備 11
3.2.1 熱分析實驗 11
3.2.2 延期藥配藥相關設備 12
3.2.3 實體燃燒顯像觀測實驗 12
3.3實驗配方組成規劃 17
3.4 延期藥配製 18
3.4.1 配藥程序 18
3.4.2 壓製藥柱程序 20
3.4.3 鋁製延期管裝藥及壓藥程序 20
3.4.4 安全注意事項 21
4. 結果與討論 22
4.1 燃燒熱力學性質模擬分析 22
4.1.1 NASA-Lewis Code(CET-86)數據資料庫的擴充 22
4.1.2 鎢系低燃速延期藥配方模擬計算 40
4.1.3 鎢系低燃速延期藥燃燒產物分析 49
4.1.4 熱化學平衡組成及熱力學性質解析 52
4.2 延期藥DSC實驗分析 52
4.2.1 W/KClO4/BaCrO4/SiO2系統化學反應分析 53
4.2.2 W/KClO4/BaCrO4/SiO2/Viton系統化學反應分析 56
4.2.3 不同組成配方反應性能分析 60
4.2.4 延期藥熱分析性能綜合解析 71
4.3 實體延期藥柱燃燒性能測試與分析 72
4.3.1 燃燒性能測試實驗結果 72
4.3.2 最小點火能量分析 76
4.3.3 燃燒速率分析 80
4.3.4 輸出火焰溫度分析 84
4.3.5 實體延期藥柱燃燒性能綜合分析 88
4.4 延期管藥柱燃燒性能測試與分析 89
4.4.1 燃燒性能測試實驗結果 89
4.4.2 燃燒速率分析 92
4.4.3 輸出火焰溫度分析 96
4.4.4 延期管藥柱燃燒性能解析 100
4.5 延期藥最佳配方評析 101
5. 結論 102
參考文獻 104
附錄壹、延期藥編號2至28配方經加工製備後DSC/TG圖譜 109
附錄貳、延期藥編號2至22配方實體藥柱燃燒觀測 123
附錄參、延期藥編號2至22配方輸出火焰溫度圖 144
附錄肆、延期藥編號2至28配方延期管藥柱燃燒觀測 155
附錄伍、延期藥編號2至28配方延期管藥柱輸出火焰溫度 164
自傳 178

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