臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究的目的是建立一套桌上型飛航模擬系統，透過此系統來檢視危害天候對航空器安定性與操控性的影響。本系統包含推力模型、氣動力模型與飛行動力模組，具備協助意外事件調查及提供降低天候危害概念之能力。目前之研究是使用快速擷取記錄器及飛行操作手冊中所摘取的數據為本系統之輸入資料，經模糊邏輯模型化來建立推力及氣動力模型，特定民航飛機之估算氣動力資料庫是由推力及氣動力模型來產生，能提供比較貼近實際環境的模擬，尤其是危害天候或者失控情況。
飛機在大氣中飛行，很難避免天候不良的影響，不良大氣狀況的影響通常與飛行狀態瞬間產生很大的變化而產生動態氣動力效應相關，飛行員因不良天候非常容易導致操作失當的發生。在各種亂流類型中，晴空亂流因其難以偵測及預測的特性，一直是危害飛航安全的重要因素。本論文以兩架雙發動機噴射民航機遭遇晴空亂流進行比較分析為陳述案例，航機在遭遇危害天候過程中，經由本系統其性能衰退及飛行安定性與可操控性的變化能被有效的評估出。本論文亦使用起伏運動時的有效質量及有效阻尼之概念，來分析晴空亂流引發動態效應的影響與氣動力環境變化，並以此量化分析來評估晴空亂流危害對飛機安定性與可操控性的影響。

The purpose of this research is to develop a desktop flight simulating system. Through this system, the effects of weather hazards on aircraft stability and controllability can be examined. The system includes thrust models, aerodynamic models, and a flight dynamic module. This system has the capability to assist accident investigation and provide the mitigation concepts of weather hazards. The present study uses the data extracted from QAR (Quick Access Recorder) and flight manuals as the inputs of the system and to set up the thrust and aerodynamic models through fuzzy-logic modeling (FLM). The predicted aero databanks for the specific transports are created by the thrust and aerodynamic models to more accurately simulate the real world environment, especially in hazardous weathers, or in loss-of-control situations.
The aircraft flies in the atmosphere, it is very difficult to avoid the influence of adverse weather conditions. The effect of adverse atmospheric conditions usually relates to the dynamic aerodynamic effects that result from instantaneous changes of aircraft flight attitude. The pilots are quite easy to improperly operate the aircraft under adverse weather conditions. Among the different turbulence phenomena, the clear-air turbulence is the most important in flight safety since it is hard to detect and predict. An example of comparative analysis for two twin-jet transports encountered clear-air turbulence will be presented in this paper through this system to exhibit the capability in effective evaluations of the performance degradation and variations in stability and controllability of aircraft encountering hazardous weather. The concept of “effective mass” and “effective damping” of the plunging motion is also employed in this paper to analysis aerodynamic environment variations and dynamic effects. This quantitative analysis can be used to evaluate the effects of clear-air turbulence hazards on aircraft stability and controllability.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
目次 iii
表目錄 v
圖目錄 vi
符號說明 viii
第一章 前言 1
第一節 動機 1 第二節 國內外相關研究情況 2
第三節 危害天候探討 8
第四節 研究目的 13
第二章 模糊邏輯理論介紹 16
第一節 內部函數 17
第二節 歸屬函數 17
第三節 模糊規則及輸出 19
第四節 模型結構之參數辨識 20
第五節 模型結構辨識 23
第三章 研究方法 27
第一節 飛航資料處理 28
第二節 推力模型建置 30
第三節 氣動力係數資料庫 45
第四節 危害天候特性 48
第五節 飛行模擬程式 51
第四章 結果與討論 57
第一節 氣動力環境 57
第二節 飛行動態特徵 64
第三節 飛行模擬分析 69
第五章 結論 73
參考文獻 75
附錄一、NSC 95-3114-E-157-002案結案報告 79
附錄二、民航噴射飛機模糊邏輯推力模型之研究 90

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