臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要針對航空器引擎排放成本對於航空公司航線營運的影響，經濟成長與環境保護向來就是各國政府間兩難的議題，但隨著全球暖化造成的生態改變也不得不讓政府重視環境議題。目前世界趨勢是偏向採取經濟手段來取得平衡，利用外部成本內生化的概念來處理環境相關議題。
本研究蒐集航空公司營運成本相關資料，以及航空器引擎污染物所產生之外部成本，探討機型大小與班次頻率對航空公司航線營運成本所造成的影響。在座位數供給量不變的情況下以B747-400、B777-300ER、A330-300、A340-300以及B737-800型客機營運台北香港航線、台北新加坡航線以及台北洛杉磯航線，在台北香港航線以B737-800型客機取得最低的營運成本優勢；在台北新加坡航線以A330-300型客機擁有最低營運成本優勢；台北洛杉磯航線則是B777-300ER型客機航線成本最低。

This research investigates the implications of aircraft engine emission social costs on airlines operating costs, flight operations and choices of aircraft types. The growth of air transport industry generates economic benefits. However, it also accompanies the negative side-effect on the environment and society, such as noise and emissions. With the increasing attention on global warming and climate change, the air transport industry is also responsible for this and should take actions to reduce the impacts of aviation emissions immediately. Of all the mitigation measures, economic instruments have been efficient options to internalize the social costs of externalities.
This study presents the mathematical models measuring the social costs of aircraft engine emissions and airline operating costs, taking into account different aircraft types and flight frequencies for the selected routes. Various aircraft types, namely B747-400s, B777-300ERs, A330-300s, A340-300s and B737-800s, have been included in the empirical analysis, for flight routes originating from Taipei to Hong Kong, Singapore and Los Angeles. The most suitable aircraft type with lowest operating and social costs is estimated to be the B737-800 passenger plane for the Taipei-Hong Kong route. With regard to the Singapore-Taipei route, the A330-300 passenger plane has the lowest operation cost superiority. For the Taipei-Los Angeles route, the B777-300ER passenger plane has the lowest costs.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2研究目的 3
1.3研究流程與內容 3
1.4 論文架構 5
第二章 航空業空污減量措施現況回顧 7
2.1 機場空污排放管制措施 7
2.2 航空公司排放減量措施 10
2.2.1國泰航空 10
2.2.2 新加坡航空 12
2.2.3 日本航空 13
2.2.4 全日空航空 15
2.2.5 小結 17
第三章 文獻回顧 20
3.1環境保護的經濟手段 20
3.2航空公司成本結構 24
3.3航空器引擎污染物排放 29
第四章 模式構建 32
第五章 實例分析 35
5.1 研究對象 35
5.2 路線排放成本與營運成本分析 37
5.2.1 短、中、長程航線個案探討 37
5.2.2 小結 44
5.3 路線最適機型選擇 46
5.3.1 短、中、長程航線個案探討 46
5.3.2 小結 55
第六章 結論與建議 56
6.1 結論 56
6.2 建議 58
參考文獻 59

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