臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於石油日漸枯竭、油價高漲，全國上下無不盡力推行節能減碳運動，但因大學校園為公共開放空間，許多學生對於珍惜公共資源的觀念不足，導致電力的浪費，因此本研究擬設計一套自動化的電源管理系統來協助達成校園節能的目的。以往各大學對於校園電源管理的作法，多採用中央管理大樓整體電源的作法，但常因教室內的使用者忘記關閉電源，或是不當的使用冷氣設備等，造成過多的電力浪費，然而若以教室作為管理層級，又因校園裡教室過多，使得各教室的電力系統管理者無法一一兼顧，因此本研究希望利用嵌入式系統與軟體代理人技術之結合，達成同時具有中央管理的方便性與支援個別管理的可動態調整的彈性，來提供一個自動化電源管理。
本研究提出的教室電源管理嵌入式系統包含三大部分：教室管理伺服器(Classroom Management Server, CM Server)、電力狀態管理卡(Power Status Management Card, PSM Card)以及設備控制卡(Device Control Card, DC Card)，其中教室管理伺服器與電力狀態管理卡支援電源管理代理人系統之執行，負責校園行事曆、教室課表、教室借用管制與自動化電源管理工作，而教室內控制設備電源、擷取環境溫度以及監控有無使用者在場，則由設備控制卡以微處理機實作。
本系統將導入多媒體教室電源管理，實際以多媒體教室中常見的電器裝置為例，如：電燈、電扇、冷氣與電腦，作為控制標的，並以繼電器、紅外線以及程式化三種控制方式作為電源控制技術。本研究也將提出一個以代理人為基礎的教室電源管理模式，在此模式中，代理人會隨著教室借用表、行事曆、日課表之時間轉換來設定不同的管理情境，而每個不同的管理情境再依據使用者操作、有無使用者在場與環境溫度呈現不同的管理策略，達到減輕校園電力系統管理者負擔與校園節能的目的。

Since the petroleum will be exhausted in tens of years and the oil price will be unavoidably going up, the country does the best to push energy-saving and to reduce carbons activity. The campus is an open space to the public, for a lot of students the insufficient awareness of treasure public resources lead to much waste of the electricity power. Therefore, this research is focused on how to design an agent-based automatic power management system to achieve the goal of energy-saving in the campus. In the past, colleges often adopt the approach of central power management for each building. Users of a classroom usually waste much electricity power because they often forget to turn off power switches or improper use of some heavy power-consumption devices, like air-conditioners, etc. Considering the classroom as the level of power management, however, the college power system manager is unable to take care of each individual classroom because there are so many classrooms. This research proposes an automatic power management system combining the characteristic of conventional central management with the ability of dynamic adjustment of individual management by using embedded system and software agent technology.
This thesis proposes a classroom power management system including three main parts: a Classroom Management Server (CM Server), a Power Status Management Card (PSM Card), and a Device Control Card (DC Card). CM Server and PSM Card support the execution of a power management agent system responsible for maintaining school calendar and classroom timetable. A classroom timetable is used for the classroom reservation and task of automatic power management. DC Card is constructed by a micro controller unit responsible for controlling device power switch, detecting the temperature in a classroom and monitoring the existence of human bodies.
The experimental system implemented the power management for multimedia classrooms. It controls the indoor devices, which are common in classroom, like light, fan, air-conditioner and even computer. Three kinds of power switch control methods, including relay, infrared ray, and programming control, are proposed. We propose a classroom power management scenario based on Software Agent Technology. A software agent will check for school calendar, and classroom timetable, and classroom usage table to derive a suitable power management scenario. Each power management scenario will perform different management tactic involving some situations, for example if someone in a classroom or not, the environment temperature, and soon. I hope to achieve the goal of reducing school power manager’s pressure in promoting the efficiency of power saving in campus.

誌 謝-------------------------------i
摘 要------------------------------ii
Abstract---------------------------iii
目錄---------------------------------v
圖目錄-----------------------------vii
表目錄-------------------------------x
第一章 緒論--------------------------1
1.1 背景以及動機---------------------1
1.2 目的-----------------------------3
1.3 論文貢獻-------------------------7
1.4 論文結構-------------------------8
第二章 相關研究----------------------9
2.1 控制器與其他目標管理分析---------9
2.2 可程式控制器--------------------14
2.3 電源線網路----------------------16
2.4 OSGi----------------------------18
第三章 系統架構---------------------20
3.1 系統元件部署--------------------21
3.2 系統架構------------------------22
3.3 CM Agent------------------------23
3.4 PM Agent------------------------25
3.5 SD Agent------------------------27
第四章 系統實作---------------------29
4.1 軟體代理人技術------------------29
4.2 Micro Control Unit--------------34
4.3 Power Management Module---------35
4.3.1 斷電方式----------------------36
4.3.2 紅外線遙控方式----------------37
4.3.3 程式化關機方式----------------43
4.4 Temperature Sensor Module-------44
4.5 Human Detection Module----------48
4.6 RS232 Communication Interface---50
4.7 系統平台建構--------------------52
4.8 代理人系統建構------------------54
4.9 微處理機系統建構----------------56
第五章 實驗結果與節能分析-----------60
5.1 實驗畫面------------------------60
5.2 節能分析------------------------64
第六章 結論與未來研究---------------69

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