臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要為描述中台灣台中縣交通區及工業區空氣中的懸浮微粒及化學物種(Cl - , NO2-, NO3-, SO42-, Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+ 及 Ca2+)來源探討。採樣時期分為二個時期，第一時期(2006年春天及夏天)於臨近高速公路交通區(弘光科大工常學院頂樓)且分日、夜兩個採樣期間；第二時期(2006年11月 ~ 2007年10月)於台中沿海工業區(食品大樓)且分長期及短期進行採樣，然而於採樣期間所使用空氣採樣設備分別為R&P Model 2300 (RP2300) Partisol Sampler 及多功能固/氣分離採樣器 (VAPS, URG-3000K, URG, Chapel Hill, NC)。之後將採集之樣品進行水溶性離子分析，以了解大氣氣膠之特性影響。
本研究主要結果發現，第一採樣時期，臨近交通區日、夜主要污染物(NO3-, SO42-, NH4+, NO2- 及 Cl-)來源分別是車輛廢氣排放及海洋飛沫所導致，原因為採樣點距離中二高(交通區) 60公尺，距離海岸(台灣海峽) 9公里。第二採樣時期，工業區方面，主要污染物大多人為因素其分別為車輛散發及台中火力發電廠，其次，污染物大多自然因素其分別為海洋飛沫及地殼元素。最後，根據統計相關分析結果顯示，於春天無論臨近交通區或工業區其離子物種濃度都與氣象條件(溫度，相對濕度及風速)有高度相關。

The characterization ambient air particulate mass and chemical species of the central Taiwan, Taichung County from 2006-2007, respectively in this study. The concentrations of the ambient particulate mass were measured at near highway traffic (Site I) and industry zone (Site II) sampling sites. During this sampling period, R&P Model 2300 (RP2300) Partisol Sampler and versatile air pollutant sampler (VAPS, URG-3000K, URG, Chapel Hill, NC) were used to collect the ambient suspended particles concentration. In addition, the samplings collected were analyzed by ion chromatography for the ionic species (Cl -, NO2-, NO3-, SO42-, Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) analysis. Furthermore, the results exhibit that the vehicle emissions (Taichung II) and marine sprays (sea shore region) were the major sources of day and night at near highway traffic. As for the industry zone sampling site, the results revealed that the vehicle emissions (traffic) and Taichung power plant were the major sources. And the sources of secondary polluted ionic species were caused by sea salt aerosols and crustal element at industry zone. Finally, statistics analysis results revealed the ionic species concentration for PM2.5 and PM10 were related to meteorological conditions (temperature, relative humidity and wind speed) during spring for both sampling sites (near highway traffic and industrial zones).

Acknowledgements
Abstract
Abbreviation
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Literature Review 4
2.1 Particle Matter 4
2.2 Sources of ionic species 6
2.3 Objectives of this study 9
Chapter 3 Experimental and Methods 10
3.1 Sampling site 11
3.2 Sampling device 12
3.2.1 Air sampler 12
3.2.2 Portable Weather Station 16
3.2.3 Analytical balance 17
3.3 Mass measurement 18
3.4 Analysis for water-soluble ion species 18
3.5 Quality control 19
3.5.1 Blank test 19
3.5.2 Method detection limit 20
3.5.3 Recovery efficiency test 21
Chapter 4 Results and discussion 22
4.1 Sampling site for near highway traffic 22
4.1.1 Mass concentrations and meteorological conditions of
spring 22
4.1.2 Chemical composition of ambient particle 25
4.1.3 T-test for various ionic species in PM2.5 and PM10 during day and night 28
4.1.4 A non-parametric (Spearman) correlation analysis. 30
4.1.5 Mass concentrations and meteorological conditions of summer. 35
4.1.6 Chemical composition of ambient particle 37
4.1.7 T-test for various ionic species in PM2.5 and PM10 during day and night 40
4.1.8 Pearson correlation analysis of ionic species and meteorological conditions 42
4.2 Site II Long-term sampling for near industrial zones 46
4.2.1 Sampling information of particulate mass from November 27, 2006 to October 3, 2007 46
4.2.2 Meteorological conditions for sampling site 46
4.2.3 Chemical composition of ambient particle 49
4.2.4 Correlation analysis of ionic species for ambient particle 52
4.3 Site II Short-term sampling for near industrial zones 54
4.3.1 Sampling information of particulate mass from November 27 of 2006 to March 12 of 2007 54
4.3.2 Chemical composition of ambient particle 56
4.3.3 Ambient airborne particle principal component analysis of ionic species 59
4.3.4 Sampling of particulate concentrations and meteorological conditions during A.M and P.M at near industry zoon from April 28 to October 3, 2007 62
4.3.5 Chemical composition of ambient particle 64
4.4 Comparison of near highway traffic and industrial zones 68
4.4.1 Mass concentrations and meteorological conditions 68
4.4.2 Chemical composition of ambient particle 71
4.4.3 T-test for various ionic species during the spring and summer in PM2.5 and PM10 78
4.4.4 Pearson correlation analysis 82
Chapter 5 Conclusions 91
Chapter 6 Reference 95

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