臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

發展小型垂直軸風力發電機來適應都會型態的特殊環境，已成為近年來歐美及日本風能市場積極推展的新概念，因此低轉速、高效率之永磁發電機已有其發展之新契機。
本論文旨在以42極200轉輸出10kW之外轉子永磁發電機為例，探討如何設計小型垂直軸風力發電之外轉子永磁發電機。首先，對於風力發電之原理及特性作一介紹，其次再利用有限元素分析軟體 Ansoft Maxwell 來分析不同槽數設計之永磁發電機的電磁特性，並以實作測試在不同轉速下之開路電壓、負載特性與電壓調整率，最後再做一比較，以期找出符合小型垂直軸風力發電之外轉子永磁發電機的特性需求。

Developing small vertical-axis wind turbine generator to adapt special environment as megalopolis becomes a new concept. Wind power market in Europe and Japan is actively to promote this concept. This is why low-speed and high-efficiency PM generator has opportunity to develop.
In This thesis, a 10kW / 42 Pole / 200RPM outer-rotor PM generator was used as an example to analyze how to design a well performance outer-rotor PM generator for the small vertical-axis wind turbine. First, the principle and characteristics of wind turbine was introduced. Electromagnetic characteristics of a PM generator with different number slots were analyzed by Finite Element Method (FEM) software. Open-circuit voltage, loading characteristics and voltage adjusting rate were measured in different speed. By comparing the results of measurement and FEM simulation, small vertical-axis wind turbine was applied to find the characteristics of outer-rotor PM generator.

摘要 .......................................................................................................................... i
Abstract ................................................................................................................. ii
誌謝 ........................................................................................................................ iii
目錄 ........................................................................................................................ iv
圖目錄 .................................................................................................................... vi
表目錄 .................................................................................................................. viii
縮寫及符號對照表 ................................................................................................ ix
第一章 緒論 ............................................................................................................ 1
1.1 研究動機 ................................................................................................... 1
1.2 小型風力用發電機之現況 ....................................................................... 4
1.3 文獻回顧 ................................................................................................... 5
1.4 研究方法 ................................................................................................... 6
1.5 本論文架構 ............................................................................................... 6
第二章 風力發電原理與特性 ...........................................................................…. 8
2.1 風力機的結構與種類 ............................................................................... 8
2.2 風力發電原理 ......................................................................................... 12
2.3 風能轉換與計算 ..................................................................................... 13
2.4 風力機之特性係數 ................................................................................. 17
2.5 風力發電機最佳安裝位置 ..................................................................... 17
2.6 決定風力機與發電機的額定輸出 ......................................................... 19
第三章 永磁發電機之設計理論 .......................................................................... 21
3.1 永磁發電機設計原理 ............................................................................. 21
3.2 主要尺寸之決定 ..................................................................................... 21
3.3 轉子的安裝方式 ..................................................................................... 22
3.4 磁極 ......................................................................................................... 24
3.4 定子尺寸的決定 ..................................................................................... 29
第四章 結果分析與討論 ...................................................................................... 34
4.1 磁路模擬分析 ......................................................................................... 34
4.2 發電機特性分析與測試(一) - 42極126槽 ........................................... 37
4.3 發電機特性分析與測試(二) – 42極45槽 ............................................. 44
4.4 外轉子永磁發電機之測試系統架構 ..................................................... 51
4.5 結果比較 ................................................................................................. 53
第五章 結論與展望 .............................................................................................. 56
參考文獻 ................................................................................................................ 57

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