中文部份
1.方至民、曾志弘、鍾憲瑞、沈如騏，2000。『高階經營團隊特質與財務能力對企業研發支出影響之研究以台灣上市電子產業公司為例』。科技管理學刊，5（3），頁：29-46。2.司徒達賢，2005，策略管理新論－觀念架構與分析方法，台北：智勝出版社。
3.李建志，2007，環境不確定性、依賴、顧客知覺關係品質對顧客自發行為影響之研究－以台灣某銀行保險業務為例，東華大學管理學院研究所高階經營管理碩士在職專班碩士論文。4.沈如騏，1999，董事會與高階管理團隊特質對高科技公司研究發展投入之影響，中山大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。5.吳思華，2000，策略九說：思考策略的本質，台北市：城邦文化。
6.林聖凡，2001，高階管理團隊特質、產業環境特性與企業海外投資行為之研究，暨南國際大學國際企業學系碩士論文。7.許如婷，1997，高階管理團隊特徵對公司經營績效之影響－台灣地區上市公司之實證研究，中央大學財務管理學系碩士論文。8.許文宗、黃顯雄，2006，『國際擴充與績效關係之研究－高階管理團隊特質之干擾效果』，二○○六海峽兩岸及東亞地區財經與商學研討會論文集，頁：141-158。
9.楊素暖，2005，集團企業高階管理團隊、多角化與績效之關係，銘傳大學國際企業學系碩士論文。10.葉宗仁，2007，台灣上市電子公司外部監控機制、高階管理團隊特性與經營績效關係之研究，政治大學企業管理學系碩士論文。11.趙原佑，2004，企業資源優勢與高階管理團隊特質對企業國際化程度關係之影響－以上市上櫃電子業為例，銘傳大學國際企業學系碩士論文。12.劉韻僖，2006，『台灣高科技產業高階經營團隊及董事會權力之研究』，交大管理學報，頁：173-200。
13.薛招治，1999，高階管理團隊組成特性之演變－以台灣電子資訊產業為例，雲林科技大學企業管理系碩士論文。英文部分
1.Aharoni, Y., 1977. Some Aspects of conventional accounting profits in an inflationary environment. Journal of Accounting Researck, 15(2): 169.
2.Amason, A.C. 1996. Distinguishing the effect of functional an dysfunctional conflict on strategic decision making: Resolving a paradox for top managementteam. Academy of Management Journal, 39(1): 123-148.
3.Amason, A.C., & Mooney, A.C. 1999. The effect of past performance on top management team conflict in strategic decision making. International Journal of Conflict Management, 10(4): 340-359.
4.Amason, A.C., & Sapienza, H.G. 1997. The effect of top management team size and interaction norms on cognitive and affective. Journal of Mmanagement, 23(4): 495-601.
5.Annavarjula, M., & Beldona, S. 2000. Multinationality-performance relationship: A review and reconceptualization. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 8(1):48.
6.Bantel, K.A., & Jackson, S. 1989. Top management and innovations in banking: Does the Composition of the top team make a difference? Strategic Management Journal, 10: 107-124.
7.Bergh, D.D. 2001. Executive retention and acquisition outcomes: A test of opposing views on the influence of organizational tenure. Journal of Management, 10: 107-124
8.Bertrand, M., & Schoar, A. 2003. Managing with style: The effect of manager on firm policies. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118: 1169-1208.
9.Bocker, W. 1997. Strategic change: The influence of managerial characteristics and organizational growth. Academy of Management Journal, 40(1): 152-170.
10.Bocker, W. 1997. Executive migration and strategic change: The effect of top manager movement on product market entry. Academy Science Quarterly, 47: 213-236.
11.Carpenter, M. A. 2002. The implications of strategy and social context for the relationship between top management team heterogeneity and firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 23:275-284.
12.Carpenter, M. A. & Fredrickson, J. W. 2001. Top management team, global strategic posture, and the moderating role of uncertainty. Academy of Management Journal, 44: 553-546.
13.Carpenter, M. A., Pollock, T. G. & Leary, M. 2003. Governance, the experience of principals and agents, and global strategic intent: Testing a mofel of reasoned risk-taking. Strategic Management Jornal, 24:803-820.
14.Carpenter, M. A. & Sanders, W. G. 2002. Top management team compensation: The Missing link between CEO pay and firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 23:367-375.
15.Carpenter, M. A., Sanders, W. G., & Gregersen, H. B. 2001. Bunding human capital with organizational context: The impact of international assignment experience on multinational firm performance and CEO pay. Academy of Management Journal, 44: 493-512.
16.Collins, C.J., & Clark, K.D. 2003. Strategic human resource practice, top management team social network, and firm performance: The role of human resource in creative organizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management Journal. 46: 720-731.
17.D’ Aveni, R. & Kesner, I. 1993. Top managerial prestige, power and tender offer response: A study of elite social networks and target firm cooperation during takeovers. Organization Science, 4: 123-151.
18.Downey, H. K., Hellriegel, D., & Slocum, J.1975. Environmental uncertainty: The construct and its application. Administrative Science Quarterly, 20:613-629.
19.Drucker, Peter (1954). The Principles of Management. New York, NY HarperCollins Publishers
20.Duncan, R. B., 1972. Characteristics of organizational environments and perceived environmental uncertainty. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17: 313-327.
21.Dunning, J. H., Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy, Reading, Berkshire: Addison Wesley, 1992.
22.Eisenhardt, K. M., Kahwajy, J., & Bourgeois, L. J. 1997. Conflict and strategic choice: How top management teams disagree. California Management Review, 39(2): 42-46.
23.Eisenhardt, K. M., & Schoonhoven, C. B. 1990. Organizational growth: Linking founding team, strategy, and growth among U.S. semiconductor ventures, 1978-1988. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35: 504-529.
24.Eisenhardt, K. M., & Schoonhoven, C. B. 1996. Resource-based view of strategic alliance formation: Strategic and social effects in entrepreneurial firms. Organization Science, 7: 136-150.
25.Emery, F. E., & Trist, E. L. 1965. The causal texture of organizational environments. Human Relations, 18: 21-32.
26.Ferrier, W. J. 2001. Navigating the competitive landscape: The drivers and consequences of competitive aggressiveness. Academy of Management Journal, 44: 858-877.
27.Finkelstein, S., & Hambrick, D. C. 1990. Top-management-team tenure and organizational outcomes: The moderating role of managerial discretion, Administrative Science Quarterly, 35: 484-503.
28.Finkelstein, S., & Hambrick, D. C. 1996. Strategic leadership: Top executives and their effects on organizations. Minneapolis: West Publishing.
29.Geletkanycz, M. A., & Black, S. S. 2001. Bound by the past? Experience-based effects on commitment to the strategic status quo. Journal of Management, 27: 3-21.
30.Geletkanycz, M. A., & Hambrick, D. C. 1997. The external ties of top executives: Implications for strategic choice and performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42: 654-681.
31.Gifford, W. E., Bobbit, H. R., & Slocum, J. W. 1979. Message Characteristics and perceptions of uncertainty by organizational decision makers. Academy of Management Journal, 22(3): 458-481.
32.Gordon, S. S., Stewart, W. H., Sweo, R., & Luker, W. A. 2000. Convergence versus strategic reorientation: The antecedent of fast-paced organizational change. Journal of Management, 26: 911-946.
33.Greening, D., & Johnson, R. 1997. Managing industrial and organization crises. Business and Society, 36: 334-361.
34.Hambrick, D. C. 1994. Top management groups: A conceptual integration and reconsideration of the “team” label. In B. Staw & L. L. Cumming(Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior: Vol. 16. 171-213. Beverly Hill: JAI Press.
35.Hambrick, D. C., Cho, T. S. & Chen, M. 1996. The influence of top management tem heterogeneity on firms’ competitive moves. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41: 659-684.
36.Hambrick, D. C., Finkelstein, S., & Mooney, A. C. in press. Executive job demands: New insights for explaining strategic decisions and leader behaviors. Academy of Management Review.
37.Hambrick, D. C., & Mason, P. A. 1984. Upper echelons: The organization as a reflection of its top managers. Academy of Management Review, 9: 193-206.
38.Hitt, M. A., Hoskisson, R. E., & Kim, H. 1997. International diversification: Effects on innovation and firm performance in product diversified firms. Academy of Management Journal, 40(4):767.
39.Hofstede, G. 1992. Cultural dimensions in people management: The socialization perspective. In V. Pucik, N. Tichy, & C. Barnett(Eds.), Globalizing management: Creating and leading the competitive organization: 139-158. New York: Wiley.
40.Hofstede, G., 1980.Culture’s consequences: International Differenced in work related Value. London: Saga.
41.Iaquinto, A. L., & Fredrickson, J. W. 1997. Top management team agreement about the strategic decision process: A test of some of its determinants and consequences. Strategic Management Journal, 18: 63-75.
42.Keck, S. L. 1997. Top management team structure: Differential effects by environment context. Organization Science, 8(2): 143-156.
43.Knight, D., Pearce, C. L., Smith, K. G., Olian, J. D., Sims, H. P., Smith, K. A., et al. 1999. Top management team diversity, group process, and strategic consensus. Strategic Management Journal, 20: 445-465.
44.Kor, Y. T. 2003. Experience-based top management team competence and sustained growth. Organization Science, 14: 707-719.
45.Lessard, J. P. 1988. Meger selection strategy: A multidimensional perspective. Akron Business and Economic Review, 19(3): 15-20.
46.Miller, K. D. 1992. Framework for integrated risk management in international business. Journal of International Business Studies, 23(2): 311-331.
47.Miller, D. 1991. Stale in the saddle: CEO tenure and the match between organization and environment. Management Science, 1: 34-54.
48.Miller, D., & Droge, C. 1986. Psychological and traditional determinants of structure. Administrative Science Quarterly, 31: 539-560.
49.Milliken, F. J. 1987. Three types of perceived uncertainty about the environment: State, effect, and response uncertainty. Academy of Management Review, 12: 133-134.
50.Murray, A. I. 1989. Top management group heterogeneity and firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 10: 125-141.
51.Peng, M., & Luo, Y. 2000. Managerial ties and firm performance in a transition economy: The nature of a micro-macro link. Academy of Management Journal, 43: 486-501.
52.Pfeffer, J. & Salancik, G. A. 1978. The external control of organizations: A resource dependence perspective. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
53.Pitcher, P., & Smith, A. D. 2001. Top management team heterogeneity: Personality, power, and proxies. Organization Science, 12: 1-18.
54.Reuber, R., & Fischer, E. 1997. The influence of the management team’s international experience on the internationalization behaviors of SMEs. Journal of International Business, 28: 807-825.
55.Sanders, W. G., & Carpenter, M. A. 1998. Internationalization and firm governance: The role of CEO Compensation, top team composition, and board structure. Academy of Management Journal, 41: 158-178.
56.Scott, W. R., 1987. Organizations: Retional, Natural, and Open System, 2nded, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
57.Simons, T., Pelled, L. H., & Smith, K. A. 1999. Making use of difference: Diversity, debate, and decision comprehensiveness in top management team. Academy of Management Journal, 42(6): 662-673.
58.Smith, K. G., Grimm, C. M., Gannon, M. J., & Chen, M. J. 1991. Organizational information processing, competitive responses, and performance in the U.S. domestic airline industry. Academy of Management Journal, 34: 60-86.
59.Sullivan, D. 1994. Measure the degree of internation of a firm. Journal of International Business Studies, 662-673.
60.Swamidass, P. M., & W. T. Newell. 1987. Manufacturing strategy, environmental uncertainty, performance: A path analytic model. Management Science, 33(4): 509-524.
61.Tan, J. J., & Litschert, R. J. 1994. Environment Strategy relationship and its performance implications: An empirical study of the Chinese electronics industry. Strategic Management Journal, 15(1): 1-20.
62.Thompson, J. D., 1967. Organization in Action. New York: McGrew-Hill.
63.Tihanyi, L., Ellstrand, A. E., Daily, C. M., & Dalton, D. R. 2000. Composition of the top management team and firm international diversification. Journal of Management, 26: 1157-1177.
64.Tushman, M. L., & Rosenkopf, L. 1996. Executive succession, strategic reorientation and performance growth: A longitudinal study in the U.S. cement industry. Management Science, 42: 939-953.
65.Vernon, R., International investment and international trade in the product life cycle. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 199.
66.West, M. A., & Anderson, N. R. 1996. Innovation in top management teams. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(6): 680-693.
67.Welch, Lawrence S. & Luostarinen, R., 1988. Internationalization: Evolution of a concept. Journal of General Management, 14(2):34.