臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中文摘要
研究探討台北都會區大眾捷運系統捷運站月台與捷運車廂懸浮微粒PM10、PM2.5濃度，測量捷運系統尖峰時段和離峰時段、非假日與假日時段PM濃度差異。本研究以TSI Model 8520 DustTrak 懸浮微粒監測器測量五個捷運車站月台與四條捷運路線車廂的懸浮微粒PM10、PM2.5濃度。並在台北車站以定點連續採樣，利用貝他射線衰減方法Met One E-BAM採樣儀器對DustTrak進行濃度校正。
測量結果顯示在車站PM10、PM2.5的濃度範圍分別為：7-140 μg/m3、4-111 μg/m3，在車廂內PM10、PM2.5的濃度範圍分別為：6-98 μg/m3、5-73 μg/m3。結果發現在車站月台所測得的濃度較車廂內的懸浮微粒濃度高，若跟其他國外所測得的濃度相互比較則顯現本研究所測得的懸浮微粒濃度比較低。PM濃度在假日時段與非假日時段有明顯差異性。尖峰時段與離峰時段的濃度並沒有顯著的差異性。與戶外監測站做比對時，發現兩者有正相關性，當戶外濃度較高時，捷運車站的濃度也會提高，顯示出戶外的懸浮微粒濃度，會影響到捷運車站內懸浮微粒濃度值的高低。

英文摘要
The PM10 and PM2.5 levels have been measured inside trains on four routes and on platforms at five stations in the Taipei Rapid Transit System, at rush hour and non-rush hour periods, on weekdays and weekends, using TSI Model 8520 DustTrak monitors. In this study, the TSI DustTrak was calibrated with a Mat One E-BAM sampler within the metro station.
Measurement results show that average PM10 and PM2.5 levels inside trains were 6-98 g/m3 and 5-73 g/m3, respectively, and on the station platforms were 7-140 g/m3 and 4-111 g/m3, respectively. Moreover, experimental results demonstrate that PM levels inside trains and on platforms were lower than those measured for other subway systems worldwide. Additionally, the PM levels at the weekdays and weekends are significantly different. The PM levels at the rush hour and non-rush hour periods are not significantly different. The PM levels at stations and outdoors are positively correlated, indicating that PM levels in the metro system are influenced significantly by outdoor ambient PM levels.

目 錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 錄 III
表 目 錄 V
圖 目 錄 VI
第一章 前 言 1
1.1 研究起源 1
1.2 研究目的 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 大氣懸浮微粒的來源與特性 4
2.2 懸浮微粒對人體的影響 6
2.3 國外地下捷運系統站內PM濃度相關數據研究 8
2.4 國內地下捷運系統站內PM濃度相關研究 11
第三章 研究方法 14
3.1 採樣儀器設備 14
3.1.1 DustTrak 採樣器 14
3.1.2 GRIMM Particle Size Analyzer Model 1.108 15
3.1.3 E-BAM 採樣器 16
3.2 採樣實驗規劃 18
3.2.1 採樣時間及規劃 18
3.3 採樣地點之環境描述 19
3.4 數據分析方法 27
第四章 結果與討論 28
4.1 E-BAM對TSI DustTrak校正 28
4.2 各捷運車站與路線整體懸浮微粒測量結果 30
4.3 各捷運車站與路線非假日時段和假日時段懸浮微粒測量結果 35
4.4 各捷運車站與路線尖峰時段和離峰時段懸浮微粒測量結果 39
4.5 測量濃度值與環保署空氣品質測站監測值之比較 43
4.6 各捷運車站與路線懸浮微粒粒徑質量分析 45
第五章 結 論 70
參考文獻 71

表 目 錄
表1- 1台北捷運各路線介紹 2
表2- 1國外地區地下鐵懸浮微粒PM10、PM2.5濃度 10
表2- 2捷運站室內環境PM10懸浮微粒監測結果 12
表2- 3捷運站PM1.0、PM2.5、PM10質量濃度平均值 13
表3- 1 TSI 8520 DustTrak 採樣器規格 15
表3- 2 GRIMM 1.108 採樣器規格 17
表3- 3 Met One E-BAM採樣器規格 21
表4- 1捷運車站與路線PM10、PM2.5濃度測量值 32
表4- 2a捷運車站與路線非假日時段與假日時段PM10濃度測量值 37
表4- 2b捷運車站與路線非假日時段與假日時段PM2.5濃度測量值 38
表4- 3a捷運車站與路線尖峰時段與離峰時段PM10濃度測量值 41
表4- 3b捷運車站與路線尖峰時段與離峰時段PM2.5濃度測量值 42
表4- 4捷運車站與戶外環境監測站PM10、PM2.5濃度測量值 44
表4- 5各捷運車站與路線懸浮微粒粒徑特徵值 46

圖 目 錄
圖1- 1台北捷運歷年平均日運量 2
圖1- 2台北捷運歷年總運量 3
圖2- 1懸浮微粒對人體呼吸系統所沈積的位置 6
圖3- 1 TSI 8520 DustTrak 採樣器 15
圖3- 2 GRIMM 1.108 微粒質量濃度監測儀 17
圖3- 3 E-BAM 貝他射線氣膠懸浮微粒採樣裝 19
圖3- 4 E-BAM 採樣儀器裝置內部 20
圖3- 5貝他射線衰減法自動分析儀器示意圖 20
圖3- 6台北捷運路線圖 25
圖3- 7捷運台北車站立體導覽圖 26
圖4- 1 E-BAM對DustTrak的校正曲線 29
圖4- 2各捷運車站月台與列車車廂內PM10濃度以盒鬚圖表示 33
圖4- 3各捷運車站月台與列車車廂內PM2.5濃度以盒鬚圖表示 34
圖4- 4懸浮微粒於捷運台北站一、二月台的粒徑分佈圖 47
圖4- 5懸浮微粒於捷運台北站三、四月台的粒徑分佈圖 48
圖4- 6懸浮微粒於捷運北投站月台的粒徑分佈圖 49
圖4- 7懸浮微粒於捷運新店站月台的粒徑分佈圖 50
圖4- 8懸浮微粒於捷運昆陽站月台的粒徑分佈圖 51
圖4- 9懸浮微粒於捷運永寧站月台的粒徑分佈圖 52
圖4- 10懸浮微粒於各捷運車站月台的粒徑分佈圖 53
圖4- 11懸浮微粒於捷運R1路線的粒徑分佈圖 54
圖4- 12懸浮微粒於捷運R2路線的粒徑分佈圖 55
圖4- 13懸浮微粒於捷運R3路線的粒徑分佈圖 56
圖4- 14懸浮微粒於捷運R4路線的粒徑分佈圖 57
圖4- 15懸浮微粒於各捷運路線的粒徑分佈圖 58
圖4- 16台北車站一、二月台懸浮微粒PM2.5/PM10濃度相關性 60
圖4- 17台北車站三、四月台懸浮微粒PM2.5/PM10濃度相關性 61
圖4- 18北投車站月台懸浮微粒PM2.5/PM10濃度相關性 62
圖4- 19新店車站月台懸浮微粒PM2.5/PM10濃度相關性 63
圖4- 20昆陽車站月台懸浮微粒PM2.5/PM10濃度相關性 64
圖4- 21永寧車站月台懸浮微粒PM2.5/PM10濃度相關性 65
圖4- 22 R1路線懸浮微粒PM2.5/PM10濃度相關性 66
圖4- 23 R2路線懸浮微粒PM2.5/PM10濃度相關性 67
圖4- 24 R3路線懸浮微粒PM2.5/PM10濃度相關性 68
圖4- 25 R4路線懸浮微粒PM2.5/PM10濃度相關性 69

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