臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

兩岸關係對台灣政治、經濟之影響甚鉅！台灣地區國中生對於兩岸關係之看法主要是受到大眾媒體之影響，其次則為家庭之影響，歷史課程對於國中生兩岸關係之看法的影響僅次於傳媒及家庭。根據統計分析，對歷史課程興趣越高、成績越好的學生對中國大陸之看法越正面，同時也較支持兩岸更積極之交流。此外，公民課程及同儕對國中生兩岸關係之看法也有影響，但不如傳媒、家庭及歷史課程重要。

Development of cross-strait relations has considerably affected Taiwan’s politics as well as economy for decades. Therefore, it plays a very significant role of people’s perspectives on political and economic issues in Taiwan. During the process of political socialization, junior high students in Taiwan mainly cultivate their views on cross-strait relations under the influences of family, mass media, peers and school education. Findings of the survey conducted for this thesis reveal that the mass media is the main source of influences on students’ views about cross-strait relations. Parents’ educational level, party identification, ethnicity and socio-economic status also affect students’ views on the same issue remarkably. Regarding influences of course of History, it ranks the third most important factor affecting students’ attitudes towards cross-strait relations. Students with higher interest in history and better grades of history tend to have more positive impressions on China (except for its democratic development) and take a more open stance toward Taiwan’s cross-strait policies. Besides, they are more enthusiastic about interaction across the Taiwan Strait. As for peers and course of Civics, they are able to affect students’ views on cross-strait relations as well, yet, not as influential as mass media, family and course of History. In addition to these factors, whether students have visited China or have family in China also influences their attitudes towards Chinese government and people. In general, mainland experience increases students’ good impressions on China along with will to have interaction with Chinese people.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Motivation & Goals…………………………………………1
1.1 Motivation……………………………………………………1
1.2 Goals……………………………………………………………4
1.3 Definition of Terms……………………………………4
2. Literature Review……………………………………………7
2.1 Introduction of Political Socialization………7
2.2 Researches on Students’ Political Socialization in Taiwan…………………17
3. History Education and Students’ Views about Cross-strait Relations..21
3.1 Functions of History Education………………………21
3.2 Goals of History Education in Junior High Schools……………………22
3.3 Neutralism of History Education………………………25
3.4 How “History Education” May Affect High-School Students’ Views about Cross-strait Relations”……………………………………………………26
4. Methodology…………………………………………………………32
4.1 Specification of Connection between History Education and Students’ Views
on Cross-strait Relations…………………………………32
4.2 Framework of Quantitative Approach…………………32
4.3 Design of Questionnaire…………………………………33
4.4 Hypotheses of Research……………………………………34
4.5 Samples of Research and Approaches of statistics…………………36
5. Data Analysis and Findings……………………………………37
5.1 Junior High Students’ Views on Cross-strait relations…………………37
5.2 Factors Influencing 9th Graders’ Views on Cross-strait Relations…42
5.3 Influences of Course of History on 9th Graders’ Views on Cross-strait
Relations…………………………………………………………65
5.4. Main Influence of Junior High Students’ Views on Cross-strait Relations.....71
6. Conclusion………..…………………………………………………72
6.1 Junior High Students’ Views on Cross-strait Relations…………………72
6.2 Factors Affecting 9th Graders’ Views on Cross-strait Relations……………74
6.3 Influences of History Education on Students’ Views on Cross-strait
Relations………………………………………………………84
6.4 Limitation of Research…………………………………87
7. Reference…………………………………………………………89
8. Appendix…………………………………………………………93

Reference
Chinese-language Sources
Borries, Bodo von, 1994, “Report of Juveniles’ Historical Ideologies and Political attitudes in East and West Germany 1992”, Translator: Huang Pong, Quarterly of the German Education and Social New Theoyr, Vol. 3, http://vm.nthu.edu.tw/history/histeach/indexes.html, Dec. 10, 2007.
Cai, Hui-guang, 2003, “From Understanding of Japan to Understanding of China--Comparison of History Education in Taiwan between Period under Japanese Colonial Rule and Period after WWII,” Collections of Historical Ideologies and History Text Book, Taipei, Daoxiang Press, pp. 101-142.
Chen, Chongang, 2003, Studies on Political Socialization of Junior High Students in Kaohsiung, the School Culture and Civic Education, Master Thesis, Institute of Education, National Kaoshiung University.
Chen, Fong-xing, Structure of Historical Knowledge and Design of Teaching Materialin Social Study of Junior High Schoo, www.nttu.edu.tw/csd/kao/kao5/kao5.heml, Dec. 10, 2007.
Chen, Lu-huei, 2006, “Political Culture and Political Socialization,” in Chen Yi-ying ed., Political Science, Taipei, Wu-nan Culture Enterprise, pp. 5-33.
Cheng, Wei-shuo, 2000, Political Socialization and National Identity—Take 12th Graders of Ilan as an Example, Master Thesis, Department of Sociology, Soochow University.
Crain, William, 2003, Theory of Development: Concept and Application, Transl. Wen-ying Liu & Xiu-jing Shen, Taipei, Farterng.
Fu, Xiao-fen, 2001, Studies on Elementary Students’ Political Socialization in Taiwan: Family and elementary students’ Political Learning, Master Thesis, Institute of Political Science, Sun Yat-sen University.
Han, Jiang-hui, 2006, National Identity under the Globalization—A Study on University Students in Taiwan, Academic Seminar of Modernization of Societies across the Strait.
Huang, Dao-yuan, 2003, “Analysis and Application of Essence of Historical Knowledge,” Collection of Historical Ideologies and History Text Book, Taipei, Daoxiang Press, pp. 143-178.
Huang, Mu-Yeh & Shih-Hsien Chang, 2008, “The Effects of Political Media on Voting Behavior via Political Efficacy and Political Trust: Taking the Example of Taiwan’s 2005 Election” Taiwan Journal for Democracy, Vol. 5, No. 1/March 2008, pp. 45-85
Jiang, Fong, 2008, “Desinicization of Text Books in Taiwan,” AsiaWeek, Vol. 21, No 30, p. 25.
Kuo, Chen & Chen, Wen-chun , 1997, The Impact of Mass Media and Interpersonal Communication on the Acquisition of Political Orientations in the Secondary School Students in Taiwan: An Integrated Model, Department of Advertising, National Sun Yat-sen University, , National Chengchi University.
Li, Chao, 1981, Studies on Senior High Students’ Political Socialization in Taiwan—Research on Effect of Education of Three Principles, Master Thesis, Institute of Three Principles of People, National Chengchi University.
Lia, Xian-shao, Yan Zhen-hui and Huang Meng-qi, 2006, The Study of the Influence of “Red Trend”toward Children’s Political Socialization—Take Elementary Students of Taipei City as an Example, Graduate School of Mass Communication, Fu-Jen University.
Lin, Jia-chen, 1989, Formation of Political Psychology and Behavior of Political Participation, Taipei, Shangwu.
Luo, Rui-Yu, 1989, Studies on Elementary and Junior High Students’ Attitudes of Political Socialization, Master Thesis, Institute of Education, National Kaoshiung Normal University.
Ma, Qi-hua, 1985, Principle of Political Science, Taipei, Da Zhongguo.
Ning, Yu-xiang, Jiang Chun and Hu Ren-min, 1992, Approaches of History Education, Gueilin, Guangxi Normal University Press.
Pong, Shuang-sen, 1985, Studies on Junior High Students’ Political Socialization---Take Civic Education for 9th Graders in Ban-qiao District as an Example, Master Thesis, Institute of Three Principles of People, National Normal University.
Qiu, Jun-xian, 2003, Studies on Primary Students’Political Party Knowledge and Attitude, Master Thesis, Institute of Education, Pin-dong Normal University.
Tang, Guoxiong, 2005, Political Educational Function of History Education in the USA, www.sh.syh.org, Dec. 15, 2007.
Wu, Chung-li & Hsu Wen-pin, 2003, “Who are Partisans and Independents? -Determinants of Party Identifications of Taiwan Voters in 2001” Political Science Review, Vol. 18, pp. 101~140.
Wang, Zhong-fu, 2005, Big Change of High School History Education in Taiwan, Taipei, Haixia.
Wilson, Richard W., 1981, Learning to Be Chinese: the Political Socialization of Children in Taiwan, Transl. Yun-han Chu & Ting-Yu Ding, Taipei, Laureate.
Xiao, Yong-gi, 2003, “Senior High Students’ National Identity in Taiwan and the Relevant Factors,” Bulletin of Civic and Moral Education, Vol. 11, pp. 67~108.
Xu, Ming-zhu, 2007, “Perspective and Status of History Text Books,” Analysis of Political Science, www.npf.org.tw/particle-1848-3.html, Dec 4, 2007.
Yi, Jun-bo, 2006, Theories and Approaches of Politics, Taipei, Sanmin.
Yuan, Shong-xi, 2004, Theory and Empiricism of Political Socialization, Taipei, Sanmin.
Yue, Hui-lan, 1997, College Students’ Media Use and Party Image Perception, Master Thesis, College of Communication, National Chengchi University.
Zheng, zi-long, 2004, Election Propaganda and Taiwan’s Society, Taipei, Young-zhi.
Zhou, Ya-fu, 2006, Value of History Education, http://hist.cersp.com/, Dec. 20, 2007.

English-language sources
Almond, Gabriel A. & Sidney Verba, 1963, The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Easton, David & Jack Dennis, 1969, Children in the Political System: Origins of Political Legitimacy, New York, McGraw Hill.
Dennis, Jack, 1968, “Major Problems of Political Socialization Research,” Midwest Journal of Political Science, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 85-114.
Keng, Shu, Chen, Lu-huei and Huang, Kuan-bo, 2006, “Sense, Sensitivity, and Sophistication in Shaping the Future of Cross-Strait Relations”, Issues & Studies, Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 23-66.
Jennings, M. Kent, 2006, “Political Socialization,” Handbook on Political Behavior, Berkeley & LA: University of California, pp. 1-22.
Hess, Robert D. & Judith V. Torney, 1967, The Development of Political Attitudes in Children, NY: Doubleday & Company.