臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　本試驗於台灣中部低海拔三義地區的相思樹（Acacia confusa）人工林與銅鑼地區木油桐（Aleurites montana）人工林，各選擇疏伐與未疏伐林分共四個樣區，每個樣區設置3處試驗點，以開放式連續抽氣法進行土壤呼吸試驗，探討疏伐作業對於土壤呼吸的影響。
　　自2006年8月至2007年12月的試驗結果顯示，兩試驗地土壤呼吸量均因季節不同而異，三義地區之疏伐相思樹林土壤呼吸量範圍從29.33∼73.56 CO2 kg ha-1 day-1；未疏伐林土壤呼吸量範圍為22.26∼59.20 CO2 kg ha-1 day-1；銅鑼地區之油桐疏伐林土壤呼吸量範圍從21.68∼64.66 CO2 kg ha-1 day-1；未疏伐林土壤呼吸量範圍為25.30∼56.03 CO2 kg ha-1 day-1。與執行疏伐前（2005年8月至10月）測得的數據作比較，可以發現疏伐樣點在2006年的土壤呼吸量較2005年顯著增加；同時間的比較中，疏伐樣點的土壤呼吸量亦高於未疏伐樣點。
　　疏伐林與未疏伐林之土壤呼吸量與土壤溫度呈顯著正相關，並大於與大氣溫度的相關性。土壤呼吸量的月變化與溫度有相同趨勢，夏季時土壤呼吸量大於冬季，但本實驗測得之土壤呼吸於日變化方面不顯著，可能是單次測量時間太長之故。
　　夏季降水量較大，土壤呼吸量與土壤含水量亦呈現正相關，但小於與溫度的相關性，表示土壤呼吸受到溫度的影響較大。
　　試驗結果得知疏伐作業會導致土壤呼吸增加，但疏伐去除生長劣質林木後，可促使留存優質林木之生長迅速良好，有利於增加林木固定碳量，疏伐作業對於碳吸存究竟為正面或負面的影響，仍有待更進一步的研究。

In our study, we chose thinned and un-thinned of Acacia confusa in San-yi and Aleurites montana in Tong-luo respiration as four study plots in low altitude region in central Taiwan. The Continue-Open-Flow-Chamber method was use to investigate the influence of thinning on soil respiration.
Soil respirations were measured from Aug. 2006 to Dec. 2007. The soil respirations of San-yi site were 29.33∼73.56 CO2 kg ha-1 day-1 in thinned stand and 22.26∼59.20 CO2 kg ha-1 day-1 in un-thinned stand. The soil respirations of Tong-luo site were 21.68∼64.66 CO2 kg ha-1 day-1 in thinned stand and 25.30∼56.03 CO2 kg ha-1 day-1 in un-thinned stand.
Compared with the data collected before thinned (from Aug. to Oct. 2005), we found that soil respirations of thinned stands increased significantly than those in 2005. Compared in the same time, the soil respirations of thinned stands were higher than those un-thinned.
Temperatures in thinned stands were higher than un-thinned stands especially in summer time. Soil respirations of stands were highly correlation with soil temperature than with air temperature. The trends of seasonal change of soil respiration were the same as temperature. Soil respirations were higher in summer than in winter. But the diurnal changes of soil respirations were negligible in this study.
Precipitation in summer is higher, and soil respiration was correlated with soil water content, but less correlated than temperature.
The results from this study showed that thinning could increase the soil respirations. However, thinning eliminated worse trees, and led remaining trees to grow better and to increase carbon storage in forest. Thus the effects of thinning were plus or minus to carbon sequestration still need more research in the future.

摘要------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅰ
Abstract-----------------------------------------------------------------Ⅱ
目錄---------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅳ
表目次---------------------------------------------------------------Ⅵ
圖目次-----------------------------------------------------------------Ⅶ
壹、前言---------------------------------------------------------------1
貳、前人研究-------------------------------------------------------------3
一、土壤呼吸------------------------------------------------3
二、影響土壤呼吸之環境因子--------------------------------3
(一) 溫度-------------------------------------------------3
(二) 土壤含水量--------------------------------------5
1. 土壤含水量增加使土壤呼吸量增加--------------------------6
2. 土壤含水量對土壤呼吸量無顯著影響-----------------------5
3. 土壤含水量增加使土壤呼吸量下降--------------------------6
(三) pH值 --------------------------------------------------------------6
(四) 土壤質地 --------------------------------------------------------6
(五) 地勢 --------------------------------------------------------------6
三、降水對土壤呼吸影響之機制------------------------------------7
(一) 替代效應 -----------------------------------------------------------7
(二) 阻滯效應 -----------------------------------------------------------7
(三) 對根活動的刺激---------------------------------------------------8
(四) 對微生物活動的刺激效應 -------------------------------------8
(五) 微生物生物量激增效應 ----------------------------------------9
四、根及微生物對土壤呼吸之影響-----------------9
五、疏伐對土壤呼吸之影響--------------------------------10
參、材料與方法-----------------------------------12
一、樣區簡介-----------------------------------------------12
二、器材及整備----------------------13
三、土壤呼吸試驗------------------------------------------------13
四、樣點溫度-----------------------------------------------15
五、土壤含水量--------------------------------------------------15
六、數據處理-------------------------------------------------------------15
肆、結果----------------------------------------------------------------17
一、土壤呼吸量----------------------------------------------17
二、土壤呼吸與環境因子之關係---------------------------28
(一) 溫度-----------------------------------------------------------------28
1. 大氣溫度------------------------------------------------29
2. 土壤溫度-------------------------------------------------------------29
3. 罩內氣溫-----------------------------------------------------------------28
4. 罩內土溫-----------------------------------------------------------------29
(二) 土壤含水量-----------------------------------------------29
伍、討論------------------------------------------------------------------------36
一、疏伐對土壤呼吸之影響------------------------------------36
二、土壤呼吸量之月變化---------------------------------------37
三、土壤呼吸量之日變化-----------------------------------------37
四、土壤呼吸與環境因子之關係--------------------------------------38
(一) 溫度-------------------------------------------------------38
(二) 土壤含水量----------------------------------------------------------------39
陸、結論----------------------------------------------------------40
柒、參考文獻---------------------------------------------------------41
捌、附錄--------------------------------------------------------45

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