臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

甘藍種子褐色，小圓粒形，種皮光滑。本研究使用三個甘藍品種之種子研究種子內含物與其胚根突破種皮時間之關係，‘秋王’甘藍活力檢測之方法，及‘秋王’種子之披衣條件與其發芽表現。
在電子顯微鏡觀察下，‘CA49’種子種皮內部呈現網狀(reticulate)，外部成網狀凹陷(reticulate-foveate)，而‘228’和‘秋王’的種子種皮內外部均呈網狀凹陷。不同品種之種子有不同的發芽時間，‘CA49’、‘228’、和‘秋王’種子的發芽時間分別為十一、十七、和二十五小時，吸水量方面以‘228’品種最少。在種子內含物方面，‘CA49’品種總可溶性糖與粗脂肪含量顯著最高，‘228’則以澱粉與可溶性蛋白質顯著最高，而‘秋王’則以芥子鹼含量顯著最高。
在活力檢測試驗中，‘秋王’種子隨著老化時間延長顯著降低其發芽率。老化種子的導電度、可溶性碳水化合物、氨基酸和鉀離子顯著較對照組提高一倍以上，老化36與48小時後種子之二氧化碳產生量較未老化者高出1.2及2.7倍。未老化種子的脫氫酶活性顯著較老化種子高，經Tetrazolium chloride 染色後，對照組種子染色較完全，種子活力亦較高。利用UV光測定種子芥子鹼螢光反應，顯示芥子鹼滲漏量與萌芽率呈現負相關性。
在35°C下，以滲調或浸種處理的‘秋王’種子發芽率為88.3~95.0%顯著較對照組高，滲調後以0.3%甲基纖維素披衣的種子萌芽率及正常苗表現較佳。以滲調-吸水-選拔-披衣後，不發芽種子的芥子鹼滲漏指數及螢光比例皆為零。經過六個月儲藏後，無披衣之對照組、滲調及浸種種子萌芽率較披衣種子者降低3%，其平均萌芽時間顯著延遲至四天以上。經加速老化三十六小時後，以0.3%甲基纖維素披衣的滲調或浸種種子較未批衣的滲調種子發芽率顯著高8%。本研究中顯示以甲基纖維素披衣的滲調甘藍種子可保持其發芽品質。

Cabbage seeds are small, smooth, brown, and globular. The seeds of three cabbage cultivars were studied the relationship between seed components and radicle protrusion time. The most appropriate method of assessing seed vigor and the various presowing treatments on the germination of seeds of ‘Autumn King’ were evaluated.
Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the outer seed coats of all three cabbage cultivars and the inner seed coats of ‘228’ and ‘Autumn King’ were of the reticulate–foveate type, while the inner seed coat of ‘CA49’ was of the reticulate type. Seeds of the three varieties had different germination periods, with the radicle protrusion time for ‘CA49’, ‘228’, and ‘Autumn King’ being approximately 11, 17, and 25 h, respectively. Seed of ‘228’ absorbed the least water. Among the three cultivars, ‘CA49’ seed contained the highest levels of total soluble sugar and crude fat, ‘228’ contained the highest levels of starch and soluble protein, and ‘Autumn King’ contained the highest level of sinapine.
Vigor tests carried out on ‘Autumn King’ cabbage seed reveled that germination performance decreased significantly with increasing aging time. The electrical conductivity of the seed leachate and the levels of soluble carbohydrate, free amino acid, and potassium ion in the leachate from aged seeds were about double that of control seeds. The control seed produced carbon dioxide at a rate significantly higher than that of seed aged 36 h and 48 h 1.2– and 2.7–fold, respectively. The dehydrogenase activity of control seed was significantly higher than that of aged seed. In the tetrazolium test, the completely and the unevenly stained seeds demonstrated a high level of vigor, and these seeds were present at great proportions of the control seed. Sinapine leachate could be used in detecting seed quality among seed lots. The sinapine fluorescent of control and primed seeds was present under UV, while seeds were imbibed for 4–24 h and 1–3 h, respectively. The emergence rate was highly correlated with the values of the vigor tests.
At 35°C, the germination percentage of control ‘Autumn King’ seeds, 73.3%, was significantly lower than that of the primed seeds or soaked seeds, with or without a coating, with the germination percentage of the latter ranging from 88.3% to 95.0%. The emergence and normal seedling percentages of seeds subjected to the priming–coating with 0.3% methyl cellulose treatment were significantly higher than those of the control seeds or seeds coated with 0.4% arabic gum. The sinapine leakage index (SLI) and the fluorescent percentage of ungerminated seeds of the priming–soaking– sorting–coating treatments were zero. Following storage for 6 months, the emergence percentage of control, primed, and soaked seeds without coating significantly decreased by more than 3%. The number of mean days to emergence for seeds of the storage seed lot was significantly longer than 4 days. After accelerated aging for 36 h, the germination percentage was significantly lower only in primed seed (8%) compared to primed or soaked seeds coated with 0.3% methyl cellulose. These results indicated that cabbage seed could be treated by priming–soaking–coating to maintain germination quality.

1. CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I
2. LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II
3. LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV
4. SUMMARY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i
5. SUMMARY IN CHINESE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii
6. INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
7. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
The seed coat in Brassica seed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Germination of B. oleracea var. capitata seed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Seed vigor testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Seed enhancements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
8. MATERIALS AND METHODS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
9. RESULTS
The characteristics of seed germination of three cabbage cultivars. . . .22
Seed vigor test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Seed coating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
10. DISCUSSION
The characteristics of seed germination of three cabbage cultivars. . . .58
Seed vigor test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Seed coating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
11. LITERATURE CITED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

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