¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜分別嫁接絲瓜或南瓜，調查嫁接植株於嫁接初期、後期的維管束連結與植株生長情形。植株於塑膠遮雨棚下生長六週與九週時，調查木質液量、葉片水份生理、營養元素含量及氮代謝生合成產物。
利用石蠟切片、葉片水份潛勢與氣孔導度比較苦瓜嫁接苗初期維管束癒合情形，顯示¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜嫁接絲瓜砧的癒合速度較南瓜砧快。由嫁接苗維管束染色結果得知，南瓜砧木下胚軸的維管束與接穗相連結的數目少於絲瓜砧木。嫁接後期觀察植株吸收0.1﹪Safranin O染液的結果顯示，砧木與接穗的維管束完全相連，唯嫁接絲瓜砧植株嫁接部位縱切面的維管束較南瓜砧植株彎曲嚴重。嫁接絲瓜砧者於塑膠棚生長六週時木質液流量最多，九週後嫁接絲瓜砧者的木質液流量與未嫁接者無顯著差異， 以南瓜砧者的木質液流量顯著最低。
苦瓜嫁接17天後定植於溫室，嫁接植株於第一及第二週時，地上部的營養生長較未嫁接者差，第五週時嫁接與未嫁接者的地上部生長勢無顯著差異，地下部鮮乾重以嫁接南瓜砧者最低。苦瓜嫁接苗生長六週時，嫁接植株之總蔓長小於未嫁接者，¢粉青¢苦瓜嫁接二砧木者的地上部乾重小於未嫁接者。苦瓜嫁接與未嫁接者於嫁接後期的葉片水份生理、地上部鮮乾重與總蔓長無顯著差異。
¢碧華¢苦瓜的全株總雌、雄花數與雌花/雄花比例受南瓜砧的影響與未嫁接者有顯著差異，但雌、雄花始花日數與始花節位不受到嫁接砧木所影響。¢粉青¢苦瓜的花性表現不受到嫁接砧木所影響，嫁接二砧木者之第二子蔓的雌、雄花始花日數延長，第一子蔓的雄花始花節位降低。
嫁接絲瓜砧之木質液及葉片中的硝酸態氮與磷含量最低，葉片中硝酸還原酶活性最低，總游離胺基酸和可溶性蛋白質濃度較高，果實中總游離胺基酸濃度也較多。¢碧華¢苦瓜嫁接南瓜砧與未嫁接者每單位根鮮重的硝酸還原酶活性高於嫁接絲瓜砧者，絲瓜砧之根部鮮乾重最高，其根部合成並輸往木質液中的總游離胺基酸含量顯著最多。
苦瓜嫁接南瓜砧者葉片中磷、鉀濃度顯著較高，鎂濃度則為顯著最低。植株木質液中的磷、鉀總量與葉片中磷、鉀濃度有顯著負相關，鎂元素則相反。二品種苦瓜嫁接絲瓜砧者之葉片與木質液中的鈣含量為最高，嫁接二砧木者葉片中的鐵濃度較未嫁接者為低。

The study examines the vegetative growth of grafted and ungrafted plants under various factors using the ''Luxuriance'' and ''Fen Ching'' bitter melons as samples. ''Luxuriance'' and ''Fen Ching'' bitter melons were grafted onto a luffa or squash through cleft grafting. The vascular connection and vegetative growth at early or late stages were analyzed. The root exudation content, leaf water potential, nutrient elements content, nitrogenous components and nitrate reductase activity of the leaf were analyzed after being grown for six to nine weeks under the rain shelter.
The section of the grafted union area, leaf water potential, and stomata conductance of the grafted plants were studied to understand the vascular bundle-connected condition. The adhesion of the vascular bundle grafted unto the luffa is faster than the squash stocks. The number of the vascular bundles of squash at the hypocotyl contacted to scion was less than that of luffa. All xylem vessels between the bitter melon scion and squash or luffa stocks were completely connected by observing through the safranin O solution in the vascular bundles.
The longitudinal sections of the xylem vessels of the grafted union area of luffa rootstocks, however, were twisted compared to that of squash, which was relatively straight. The different degree of twisting condition of the xylem vessels of grafted union between squash and luffa rootstocks did not affect the root exudation content. The root exudation from the luffa rootstock showed great content after growing under rain shelter for six weeks but it did not significantly differ from the ungrafted plants growing for nine weeks. The root exudation from squash stocks was the lowest after being planted in the rain shelter for nine weeks.
The shoot growth after grafting for 17-days was slow during one to two weeks observation period under the green house. The shoot growth was not significantly different between grafted and un-grafted plants after growing under the green house for five weeks. The fresh and dry weight of root into squash stocks were the lowest after growing under the green house for five weeks. After growing for six weeks, the total stem length of the grafted bitter melon was less than that of the un-grafted bitter melon. The shoot dry weight of grafted ''Fen Ching'' bitter melons was significantly less than the un-grafted bitter melon. The water potential of the leaf, the shoot weight and the shoot length were not significantly different between the grafted and un-grafted bitter melon at late stage of development.
The influence of male and female flower number and the ratio of female to male flowers of ''Luxuriance'' bitter melon grafted onto squash were significantly different. The flowering date in the second shoot of ''Fen Ching'' bitter melon was delayed. The male flowers in the first shoot, however, appeared early.
The nitrogen and phosphorus content in the xylem sap, the nitrogen concentration and nitrate reductase activity in the leaf of bitter melon grafted unto the luffa was lower than those grafted unto the squash. The concentration of free amino acid and soluble protein in the leaf of grafted bitter melon unto luffa was increased. It can be noted that this fruit had great amount of free amino acid. The nitrate reductase activity in the root of ''Luxuriance'' bitter melon grafted unto the squash was higher than the luffa but the dry and fresh weight in the root had the reverse results.
The leaf of grafted bitter melon unto the squash had high levels of phosphorus and potassium concentrations and low level of magnesium concentration. The content of phosphorus and potassium between the leaf concentration and the root exudation were negatively correlated but magnesium was positively correlated. The calcium content in the leaf and root exudation of grafted bitter melon unto luffa was great. The iron concentration in the grafted bitter melon leaf was lower than in the un-grafted melon.

壹、中文摘要.............................................................................................i
貳、英文摘要.............................................................................................ii
参、前言.....................................................................................................1
肆、前人研究
一、嫁接不親和性................................................................................2
二、嫁接提升作物耐逆境能力..............................................................5
三、嫁接對植體營養元素的影響..........................................................7
伍、材料與方法
一、試驗材料…………..…………….………………………………………11
二、嫁接植株癒合情形……………………………………………………..11
三、苦瓜嫁接植株生長調查……………………………………………….12
四、嫁接後期苦瓜植株生長、木質液流量、葉片水份生理與植體內
營養元素分析....…………………………………………………….….13
五、嫁接後期植株葉片中氮代謝酵素及生合成產物……………….…..16
六、嫁接苦瓜於水耕栽培下植株生長與植體內氮代謝酵素及生合成
產物濃度...……… …………..…………………………………………18
七、苦瓜嫁接植株果實之果肉中總游離胺基酸濃度………………….. 19
八、統計分析…………………………………………… ..………………...20
陸、結果
一、¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜嫁接絲瓜及南瓜砧的維管束癒合情形….…….21
二、嫁接絲瓜及南瓜砧對¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜植株生長的影響.……….23
三、嫁接絲瓜及南瓜砧對¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜葉片光合作用及水份潛
勢的影響………...………………………………………….…………. 28
四、嫁接絲瓜及南瓜砧對¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜花性的影響 …….……...28
五、嫁接絲瓜及南瓜砧對¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜葉片營養元素的影響.….29
六、嫁接絲瓜及南瓜砧對¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜木質液中營養元素的影
響.……………………………………… ……………………………….35
七、嫁接絲瓜及南瓜砧對¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜葉片中硝酸還原酶及氮
代謝生合成產物濃度之影響…………………….……………………39
八、¢碧華¢苦瓜嫁接絲瓜及南瓜砧於水耕生長8週後，植株生長與植
體內氮代謝生合成產物及硝酸還原酶之濃度……….……………..40
九、嫁接絲瓜及南瓜砧對¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜果實之果肉中總游離
胺基酸濃度的影響…………………………………………………….41
柒、討論
一、¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜嫁接絲瓜及南瓜砧的維管束癒合情形……….42
二、嫁接絲瓜及南瓜砧對¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜植株生長的影響……….43
三、嫁接絲瓜及南瓜砧對¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜葉片與木質液中營養
元素的影響…………………………………………...………………..44
四、不同砧木對¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜氮元素之吸收、代謝與轉運的
影響……………………………………………………………………..50
五、不同砧木對¢碧華¢與¢粉青¢苦瓜之花性、始花期與始花節位的
影響……………………………………………………………………..52
捌、參考文獻……………………………………………………………………84

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