臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨選列印已經成為一個競爭激烈的全球市場。而光電成像技術則是解決快速列印需求之不二選擇，其相關研究仍是一個蓬勃發展之領域。雷射印表機則為使用光電成像技術最典型之產品。
本論文首先嘗試整合雷射列印系統中最重要之三個子過程，即充電、曝光以及顯像，並加入掃描線距模式，獲得一可預測從二元輸入影像至碳粉影像之整合模式。透過模擬列印測試影像，並與實際列印影像比較，所獲得之整合模式的確可以有效預測列印影像。藉由這個模式，將能進一步作系統參數最佳化設計和系統調變移轉函數 (MTF) 之預測分析。有鑒於產品生命週期日益縮短，且跌價速度變快，與此同時產品之品質也要兼顧。藉由之前所建立之模式，並利用模糊機制來連結模式之參數與目標函數，以此建立符合消費者及製造商期望 (成本、性能和耗電量) 之目標函數，並進一步利用演化演算法 (Evolutionary Algorithm) 和傳統最佳化演算法 (Standard Optimization Algorithm) 來求解目標函數，其解為符合期望之系統最佳化參數。再者，一個理想的列印系統除了要能夠準確地重現列印影像之顏色之外，也要能夠重現影像之空間品質 (例如清晰度或解析度)。一般列印系統之空間反應函數 (SRF) 與標示系統 (由 SRF 分解而得之非線性濾波器) 可看成由區域性傳遞函數 (local transfer functions or LTF’s) 與調變轉換函數 (modulation transfer functions or MTF’s) 串聯而成之空間不變性 (spatially invariant) 模式。本論文利用含正弦或方波圖樣之測試圖樣和邊緣上升 (edge rise) 之測試圖樣來鑑別列印系統之 MTF’s。

Acknowledgements......................................... i
Chinese Abstract……………………………………………………………… ii
English Abstract……………………………………………………iii
Contents……………………………………………………………… iv
List of Figures……………………………………………………vii
List of Tables………………………………………………………xi


Chapter 1 Introduction………………………………………… 1
1.1 Motivation………………………………………… 2
1.2 Literature Review………………………………… 3
1.2.1 Modeling for Laser Printing Systems……… 3
1.2.2 Design Optimization for Laser Printing Systems ……………………………………………………………4
1.2.3 Analysis for Laser Printing systems……… 5
1.3 Organization and Contribution……………… 6
Chapter 2 System Description………………………………… 8
2.1 Electrophtographic process……………………… 8
2.2 Calibrated Scanner………………………………… 9
2.2.1 Spectrophotometer…………………………………… 10
2.2.2 Color Checker (KODAK Color Separation Guides and Gray Scale – 14 Inch)…………………………… 10
Chapter 3 Modeling and Simulation of Laser Printing System ……………………………………………………………12
3.1 An Integrated Model………………………………… 12
3.1.1 Charging……………………………………………… 13
3.1.2 Exposure……………………………………………… 14
3.1.3 Development…………………………………………… 17
3.1.3.1 Mass of the Toner on One Carrier Bead………… 17
3.1.3.2 Number of Carrier Beads per Unit Image Area… 18
3.1.3.3 Fraction of Toner Particles Removed from One Carrier Bead……………………………………………………… 19
3.1.3.4 Toner Mass per Unit Image Area………………… 19
3.2 Simulation Result…………………………………… 21
3.3 Conclusion…………………………………………… 31
Chapter 4 Optimal Parameters Design for Laser Printing System……………………………………………………………… 32
4.1 Formulate Optimization Problem………………… 32
4.1.1 Decision Variables………………………………… 33
4.1.2 Objective Functions Descript…………………… 34
4.1.3 Constraints…………………………………………… 38
4.2 Applied Algorithms………………………………… 40
4.2.1 Nonlinear Constraint Optimization Algorithm 41
4.2.2 Elitist Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm ……………………………………………………………43
4.3 Simulation Results ……………………………………45
4.4 Conclusion…………………………………………… 52
Chapter 5 Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of Laser Printing System………………………………………………… 53
5.1 Description of Determining MTF Methods……… 53
5.2 Experiment Results………………………………… 54
5.2.1 1-D MTF Determination……………………………… 58
5.2.1.1 Method of Using Edge Rise Test Image………… 58
5.2.1.2 Method of Using Square Wave Test Image……… 65
5.2.2 2-D MTF Determination……………………………… 69
5.2.2.1 Method of Using Edge Rise Test Image……… 69
5.2.2.2 Method of Using Sinusoid Test Image……… 74
5.3 Conclusion…………………………………………… 78
Chapter 6 Conclusions and Future Work ………………………79
6.1 Conclusions…………………………………………… 79
6.2 Future Work…………………………………………… 80
Reference..............................................82
Appendix A: Color Space Transformation.........................................91
Appendix B: Parameters for Laser Printing System.................................................94
Appendix C: Created Halftone Pattern................................................97
Appendix D: 1-D Edge Rise Test Image..................................................99
Appendix E: 1-D Square Test Image.................................................100
Appendix F: 2-D Edge Rise Test Image.................................................102
Appendix G: 2-D Sinusoidal Test Image.................................................103

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