近年來微全分析系統蓬勃發展，利用微機電製程製作之生醫晶片具有檢測樣本少、廢棄物少、低成本及可攜帶之優點，且目前已有細胞研究、細胞分離、藥物檢測等多方面應用。
利用兩道匯流流體在微管道中層流流場特性，造成一非線性濃度分布曲線。在神經細胞反應中，藥劑濃度梯度之控制為主要參數，而一般線性化濃度分布之目標則常使用管道形狀與幾何配置進行濃度分布探討，此類型管道設計通常較難製作且流阻較高。
本研究利用擴張管道放大濃度分布區間，可生成穩定且連續分布的濃度場，然利用支管於擴張區後端收集流體，可得特定且非連續之濃度分布。透過數值軟體進行濃度分布之模擬，並利用數值模擬結果與流阻理論輔助管道設計，使支管濃度分布呈線性化之結果。
本研究藉由擴張式擴散晶片之實驗與模擬，探討停留時間、擴張區幾何外型、收集區阻力比例對濃度場造成之影響，使我們對擴張式擴散晶片之流場特性與機制有進一步了解，可作為濃度分布管道設計研究之依據。

Recently, micro total analysis systems (μ-TAS) are beginning to appear in a wide range of applications. The chips fabricated by photolithography techniques bring the advantage of small volumes of fluids, reagents, and
waste. The miniaturized chips are also inexpensive and portable. The microfluidic system has be utilized in cell-base assays, cells separation, pharmacological activity, and etc..
Using two streams in a laminar flow field, we can get a nonlinear concentration distribution. The manipulation of concentration gradient is important in cell response, like neurocyte or cancer cells. Usually, linear concentration gradient profile can be manipulated by the complex microchannel geometry or spatial configuration. Such designs have high flow resistance and they are hard to fabricate.
In this study, we have found stable, extended and continuous concentration distribution in the expansion part of microchannels. We employ eight outlet channels to obtain the specific and fragmented concentration profiles. We have conducted experiments and used both the simulation and flow resistance theory to aid channel design and obtain linear concentration profile.
The study investigated the effect of residence time, the geometry of the expansion channel, and the resistance ratio of the exit channels on the concentration distribution. By exploring the parameters above, we have
gained better understanding of the characteristic of the present diffusion-based flow-field.

摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌 謝 III
目 錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
符號說明 XI
第一章 緒 論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究動機 2
1-3 研究目的 3
1-4 文獻回顧 4
第二章 基 礎 理 論 與 微 管 道 設 計 6
2-1 微尺度元件中流體力學特色 6
2-2 擴散分離原理 9
2-2-1 分子擴散理論 9
2-2-2 微流道擴散分離機制 12
2-3 流阻（flow resistance）理論 14
2-4 晶片設計 17
第三章 實 驗 與 模 擬 系 統 設 置 21
3-1 實驗設備 21
3-2 實驗晶片製作 22
3-2-1 母模製作 23
3-2-2 PDMS管道製作 29
3-2-3 管道接合 31
3-3 實驗系統架構 32
3-3-1 擴散實驗平台 32
3-3-2 定性分析系統架構 32
3-4 實驗方法 33
3-5 模擬系統架構 34
3-5-1 統御方程式 35
3-5-2 格點建立 37
3-5-3 模擬條件設定 37
3-5-4 模擬數值分析方法 39
第四章 結 果 與 討 論 41
4-1 確認CFDRC在本研究中之可靠性 41
4-1-1 軟體模擬與實驗之結果 41
4-1-1-1 軟體模擬與文獻比較 41
4-1-1-2 軟體模擬與實驗比較 42
4-1-2 停留時間與濃度分布之影響 44
4-2 擴散係數與濃度分布影響 45
4-2-1 乳膠顆粒（L01） 45
4-2-2 洛達明（Rh6G） 46
4-2 阻力影響流動分布 47
4-3-1 同阻力時改變後端支管長度之模擬結果 47
4-3-2 同阻力時改變後端支管寬度或長度之模擬結果 48
4-3-3 利用阻力設計改變後端支管長度之濃度分布 48
4-4 氣泡堵塞問題改善 50
4-5 管道設計與濃度分布 53
4-5-1 後端支管位置與濃度分布 53
4-5-2 外型改變與濃度分布 53
4-5-3 利用阻力設計改變後端支管寬度之濃度分布 54
第五章 結 論 55
5-1 總結 55
5-2 未來展望 57
參考文獻 58
自 述 100

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