臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

人工濕地處理汙水為一經濟實惠且又具有美觀及教育的自然淨化程序。本研究利用實驗室模型進行實地模擬人工濕地系統，以置於中央大學校區內之中大湖為研究對象。模型長1.2公尺、寬0.3公尺及高0.3公尺，設於大型通風實驗室，以人工取樣及水閥控制其進流量，並以連續而穩定的方式進入實驗反應槽中。
本研究主要研究目的，在於比較經人工濕地之模擬渠道後，出流水及放流水水質之情況。利用人工濕地對各項污染物之去除效能做比較及分析。結果顯示，對各污染物之去除效率分別為:生化需氧量(BOD)之去除效率為83.64%、懸浮固體物(SS) 之去除效率為96.39%、氨氮(NH4-N) 之去除效率為80.64%、硝酸鹽氮之去除效率為70.6%及亞硝酸鹽氮之去除效率為4.88%。與文獻相比較去除效果較高，推測本研究之流量較小、停留時間較長有充裕的時間去除各汙染物質。再以進-出流水的去除效果進而討論污水經處理後之循環再利用性及其功能性。
此外，亦採人工濕地之斷面探討各階段性之去除效率；就整體而言，各斷面皆有其去除效果，本系統之最佳停留時間並非為停留時間最長的3.79天，而是距進流口90cm處的2.84天為最佳停留時間；本結果顯示，並非停留時間越長，其去除效率越好，故停留時間的設定乃是人工濕地是否成功之最重要的要素之一。

The constructed wetland is one of the natural treatment systems and a Green Ecological Engineering Technology process of low energy requirement, low cost, no secondary pollution and ease of operation. The main study purpose is to compare the difference of the water quality between effluent water which was through the purification of constructed wetland system and current river quality, so that we can confer and evaluate the feasibility of the retrieve effluent water through the constructed wetland system..
In this study, the experiment setup of the constructed wetland in National Central University in treating septic tank effluent was monitored. The average removal efficiency within four months operation period are: BOD5(83.64%)、SS(96.39%)、NO3-N (70.6%)、NO2-N(4.88%)and NH4-N(80.64%). Compared with literatures, mostly higher removal efficiency may be because of longer hydraulic retention time. The quality of the discharged water from constructed wetland meets the requirements of “The Discharge Standare”. In this case, the best hydraulic retention time is 2.84 days not 3.79days, It is concluded that hydraulic retention time is one of the important design criteria in the constructed wetland.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
謝誌 III
目錄 V
表目錄 X
圖目錄 XI
符號表 XIII

第一章 前言 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2研究目的與方向 1

第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1濕地 3
2.1.1濕地的定義 3
2.1.2濕地的組成 3
2.2人工濕地 7
2.2.1人工濕地的分類與應用 8
2.2.2人工濕地的型態 8
2.2.3人工濕地的介質特性 9
2.2.4 人工濕地的當優缺點 9
2.2.5人工濕地淨化水質機制 9
2.2.5.1 懸浮固體物的去除機制 10
2.2.5.2 有機物的去除機制 10
2.2.5.3 氮的去除機制 11
2.3傳輸機制 15
2.3.1 水的傳輸機制 15
2.3.2氮的傳輸機制 16
2.4 校園人工濕地 17
2.4.1校園人工濕地之特質與優點 17
2.4.2國內人工濕地處理案例 17

第三章 研究方法與步驟 20
3.1人工濕地系統配置 20
3.1.1水樣概述 20
3.1.2人工濕地模型配置 22
3.1.3介質 26
3.2實驗藥品 26
3.3實驗設備與裝置 27
3.4水質分析方法 27
3.4.1採樣 27
3.4.2水質分析項目與分析方法 28
3.5污染物處理效能之評估 30

第四章 理論分析 31
4.1 模式推導 31
4.1.1 基本假設 31
4.1.2 模式推導 32
4.1.3 模式求解 35

第五章 結果與討論 36
5.1系統進流-出流之水質濃度變化及去除率 37
5.1.1 生化需氧量之濃度變化與去除率 37
5.1.2 懸浮固體物之濃度變化與去除率 37
5.1.3 氨氮之濃度變化與去除率 38
5.1.4 亞硝酸氮之濃度變化與去除率 39
5.1.5 硝酸氮之濃度變化與去除率 40
5.2系統各斷面之水質濃度變化及其去除率 41
5.2.1 生化需氧量之各斷面濃度變化及其去除率 42
5.2.2 懸浮固體物之各斷面濃度變化及其去除率 42
5.2.3 氨氮之各斷面濃度變化及其去除率數 43
5.2.4 亞硝酸氮之各斷面濃度變化及其去除率 43
5.2.5 硝酸氮之各斷面濃度變化及其去除率 44
5.3現場監測 44
5.3.1酸鹼度 44
5.3.2溫度 45
5.3.3 溶氧 46
5.4系統內部質點濃度變化 47
5.4.1生化需氧量質點濃度變化量 47
5.4.2懸浮固體物質點變化量 48
5.4.3氨氮質點變化量 48
5.4.4硝酸鹽氮質點變化量 49
5.4.5亞硝酸鹽氮質點變化量 49
5.5模式求解 49

第六章 結論與建議 67
6.1結論 67
6.1建議 68
參考文獻 69

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