本文主要研究為提出車輛監控系統之構想，以全球衛星定位系統、地理資訊系統及整合封包無線服務等技術整合，並建議其傳輸資料之通訊規範，以提高資料之傳輸效率。車輛監控系統除接收全球衛星定位系統之位置資料外，並透過車身網路系統(如控制器區域網匯流排等)之傳送，且經由整合封包無線服務，將位置或車輛上其他之數據資訊經網際網路回傳至監控端，在應用地理資訊系統呈現車輛之狀態，以達到車輛監控之目的。車輛監控系統可分為二部分，分別為用戶端及監控端，用戶端主要是透過車身網路系統擷取回報之相關數據資料；而監控端主要在於接收用戶端回報之數據資料，並進行處理及儲存，裨益監控者可透過監控端立即尋找持有者位置，如車輛發生異常或車輛失竊時，可透過本系統提供之緊急通知服務，進一步通知相關單位，提供車輛之位置及相關資料，增加後續處理之速度。

In this thesis, an integrated vehicle surveillance system is proposed with GPS, GIS, GPRS and in-vehicle network. It mainly studies the data communication protocol of GPRS to transmit data to server, in order to improve the transmission efficiency of the data. There are 128 bytes of them in each transmission. The objective is to find out the efficiency of the position and other data from a vehicle to control center. The position data can be received from GPS. They can be broadcast via the in vehicle network, e.g. CAN Bus, and transmitted to internet by GPRS. Therefore, the vehicle can be surveillance from the mediation by the control center. In case the vehicle is lost or in abnormal situations, an urgent notice service can be provided through this systems. This paper will propose a feasible configuration of the vehicle surveillance systems, possible data communication protocols, as well as the assessment of the system transmission efficiency.

Contents

Chinese Abstract i
English Abstract ii
Acknowledgment iii
Contents iv
List of Figures vii
ListofTables x
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Development of Related Researches 4
2-1 Global Positioning System (GPS) 4
2-1-1 Overview of GPS 4
2-1-2 Transmitted GPS Signals 10
2-1-2 Principle of GPS Positioning 12
2-1-3 GPS Error 13
2-1-4 GPS Data Format (NMEA0183) 13
2-2 Geographic Information System (GIS) 14
2-2-1 Overview of GIS 14
2-2-2 Why Using GIS 16
2-3 General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) 16
2-3-1 Overview of GSM Network 16
2-3-2 Overview of GPRS Network 20
2-3-3 GPRS System Architecture 21
2-3-4 UDP Concept 23
2-3-5 TCP/IP Concept 25
2-3-6 AT Commands 27
2-4 Controller Area Network 35
2-4-1 CAN Concept 35
2-4-2 CAN Protocol 38
Chapter 3 Surveillance System Implementation 43
3-1 Data Communication Protocol 44
3-2 The Client Segment 49
3-2-1 Hardware Architecture 49
3-2-2 GPRS module 51
3-2-3 GPS Receive 53
3-2-4 Micro Control Unit (MCU) 55
3-2-5 CAN Controller 58
3-2-6 CAN Transceiver 61
3-2-7 Design CAN Circuit 63
3-3 The Server Segment 65
3-3-1 Main Control Interface 66
3-4 Integration of GPS/GIS/GPRS 68
Chapter 4 Performance Assessments 71
4-1 Hardware Test 72
4-1-1 Initialization of SJA1000 72
4-1-2 Reception and transmission process 74
4-1-3 Initialization of GPRS process 76
4-1-4 Peer-to-peer latency of the CAN network process
& a result of experiment routes 78
4-2 Latency of TCP/IP 80
4-3 Latency of UDP 85
4-4 Capability Evaluation & Discussions 88
Chapter 5 Conclusions 90
References 92

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