臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

煤化學工廠的勞工可能暴露於VOCs等污染物，苯(Benzene)、甲苯(Toluene)、乙苯(Ethylbenzene)、二甲苯(Xylene)和萘(Naphthalene)，縮寫為BTEXN。本研究目的探討較少數研究指出精液品質暴露於多污染物、低濃度和長期暴露下的影響與空氣汙染物和尿液代謝物的相關性。
研究方法針對煤化學場研究計畫中包含高暴露組28位和低暴露組10位，分析項目包含：精液體積、精子數量、精子活動力、精子型態、氧化反應性、粒線體功能和DNA染色質結構與BTEXN濃度、尿液代謝物S-PMA, tt-MA , 1-naphthol和2-naphthol。並針對校正吸菸和喝酒習慣會影響生殖功能進行探討。
結果發現煤化學場勞工中高暴露組與低暴露組有增加精子染色質DNA結構完整性(COMPαT、αT)異常和精液反應性氧化物質含量(H2O2和O2-.)異常增加現象(P<0.05)。此外，Ethylbenzene與校正後H2O2有顯著負相關(P=0.0273)，但Xylene與精子染色質DNA結構完整性包含XαT和COMPαT兩者於校正前後都有顯著正相關(P=0.0107和P=0.0213)，且tt-MA與精子濃度有很高相關性，且1-naphthol經校正後與反應性氧化物質含量(H2O2和O2-.)有顯著正相關(P=0.0462和P=0.0258)。
精液品質與勞工於長期暴露和低濃度暴露於煤化學廠有多污染物影響有潛在風險。不同工作型態可能會影響精液品質。

BACKGROUND: Workers in coal chemicals factory might exposed to the volatile organic compounds of benzene、toluene、ethylbenzene、xylene and naphthalene that were abbreviated (BTEXN). Few studies have addressed the effects of mixed, low-level and long-term exposures to BTEXN on semen quality. MATERIALS: A total of 28 high exposed workers and 10 lower exposed workers working on coal chemical plant were included in this studied. Semen volume, sperm count, sperm motility, morphology, reactive oxides species generation, mitochondrial function and sperm chromatin DNA structure, ambient BTEXN levels, urinary S-PMA, tt-MA and 2-naphthol levels were accessed. RESULTS: There was a positive correlation between the ambient Xylene levels and sperm DNA denaturation (aT) induction and DNA denaturation (COMP aT) (P = 0.0107 and P=0.0213). In addition, positive correlation was observed between the levels of urinary 1-naphthol with the percentage of mitochondrial function and sperm with excessive H2O2 generation(P = 0.0462 and P =0.0258, respectively) indicating that the BTEXN might affect the semen quality. To analyze various departments of workplace, we found the percentage of sperm with increased DNA denaturation (COMP aT), aT and percentage of sperm with excessive H2O2 generation were increased in those workers in oil gas department (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Potential risk of semen quality should be considered for workers long-term and low-level exposure of benzene and naphthalene. Workers in various work types might reveal different effects in semen quality.

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 IV
目錄 VI
表目錄 X
圖目錄 XIII
縮寫表 XIV
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究方向 2
第2章 文獻探討 3
2.1 BTEXN介紹 3
2.1.1 BTEXN的特性 3
2.1.2 BTEXN危害 4
2.2 煤化學工廠 7
2.3 雄性生殖系統簡介 8
2.3.1 雄性生殖機能 8
2.3.2 精子生成之步驟 8
2.3.3 精液的構造 9
2.4 聯合國世界衛生組織精液品質 12
2.5 去氧核糖核酸(DNA) 12
2.5.1 DNA在生物學上的重要性 12
2.5.2 DNA的基本結構 13
2.5.3 DNA的物理及化學構造 14
2.6 反應性氧化物質 14
2.6.1 反應性氧化物質之簡介 14
2.6.2 生物體內反應性氧化物質的生成與生理作用 16
2.6.3 反應性氧化物質對精子的影響 17
2.7 流式細胞儀 18
2.7.1 工作原理 18
2.7.2 分析原理 19
第3章 研究材料與方法 22
3.1 研究設計 22
3.2 研究對象 23
3.3 生殖健康問卷調查 23
3.4 精液樣本收集及保存 23
3.5 精液分析 24
3.5.1 精子前處理 24
3.5.2 精子型態 24
3.5.3 精子DNA分析 25
3.5.4 精子粒線體功能分析 25
3.5.5 精子細胞內H2O2含量分析 25
3.5.6 精子細胞內O2-含量分析 25
3.6 生物偵測採樣分析 26
3.6.1 苯的代謝物 26
3.6.2 萘的代謝物 27
3.6.3 代謝物的限制 27
3.7 作業環境測定 28
3.7.1 區域採樣 28
3.7.2 個人被動式空氣採樣 28
3.7.3 作業環境測定的限制 29
3.8 統計分析 29
3.9 研究材料 30
3.9.1 藥品與試劑 30
3.9.2 儀器 31
第4章 結果 33
4.1 煤化學廠工人生殖功能評估 33
4.2 問卷調查基本資料 33
4.3 作業環境測定 36
4.3.1 區域採樣分析 36
4.3.2 個人採樣分析 37
4.4 生物偵測測定 39
4.4.1 不同工作區域尿液代謝物 39
4.4.2 工作前後的尿液代謝物 41
4.4.3 煤化學廠勞工精液品質結果 44
4.4.4 暴露煤化學場勞工精子DNA結構、粒線體功能與反應性氧化物含量分析結果 45
4.4.5 煤化學工廠不抽菸和喝酒勞工精液檢查結果 48
4.5 相關性 50
4.5.1 精液品質與空氣汙染物的相關性 50
4.5.2 煤化學場勞工精子粒線體功能、反應性氧化物質濃度與精子染色質DNA完整性與空氣汙染物的相關性 53
4.5.3 精液品質與苯的尿中代謝物的相關性 56
4.5.4 精液品質與萘的尿中代謝物的相關性 58
4.5.5 煤化學場勞工精子粒線體功能、反應性氧化物質含量與精子染色質DNA完整性分析與苯的尿中代謝物的相關性 59
4.5.6 不同濃度暴露煤化學場勞工精子粒線體功能、反應性氧化物質濃度與精子染色質DNA完整性與萘的尿中代謝物的相關性 61
4.5.7 精液品質與苯的尿中代謝物之相關性 63
4.5.8 精液品質與萘的尿中代謝物之相關性 64
第5章 討論 67
第6章 結論與建議 71
參考文獻 72

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