臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

道路建設為國家之基本建設，其與地區經濟發展，乃至與國家整體發展存在著密不可分之關係。道路網路規劃妥善可提供整體性之內陸運輸服務外，包含民生物資來往、工商業原料之供應、成品運銷以及社會活動等，均可對經濟活動有所助益進而促進經濟發展。其次，道路網狀鋪設對海運、空運及鐵路運輸等其它運輸系統所更是賴以銜接之接駁系統。
整理過去相關文獻除了大致上發現道路建設對經濟發展存在著正面影響外，其研究特性不僅大多選取單一道路指標如道路面積、高速公路或快速道路等為道路建設；再者，只探討針對某一區域經濟而甚少分析影響國家整體經濟發展之程度；因此本研究同時考量不同道路種類之面積及長度指標，探討道路基礎建設對
國家經濟發展之影響。而資料為台灣23 縣巿1998 年至2006 年之追蹤資料。
實證分析結果主要如下：（1）各種道路建設對個人之平均每人所得及企業之營利事業銷售額皆有正向關係的影響。（2）高速公路設立匝道後對企業影響顯著，但對個人影響則不顯著。綜合以上結果說明，在完整交通路網與系統性之道路建設下，順暢之交通必可加速國家現代化與經濟發展

關鍵詞：道路建設、經濟發展

Road construction is part of the physical infrastructure and strongly related to local and national economic development. Well designed road network serve various transport demands, including the shipment of consumer goods, manufacturing materials, final products,
and social activities, which all are parts of economic activities. In addition, the connection of road network with other transport services in marine, air, and rail
complete transport system and are more efficiently accelerate economic development.
Previous studies support the existence of a positive relationship between road construction and economic development. Nevertheless, there are two common characteristics among most studies. First, most studies only use one index, only one type of road or an aggregate one, to represent road construction. In the reality,
however, there is more than one type of road. Moreover, most studies focus only on regional development. The data used is one region only or regions with similar
characteristics like big cities in different countries. Few studies pay attention to the development within a state which is more often the focus of policy making.
Therefore, this study tries to link the literature discussion and the development policy by considering national economic development by using multi-road indexes. Our analysis data includes a panel of annual observations of 23 counties in Taiwan from 1998 to 2006.
The empirical results in our study show that: First, all road indexes have significant and positive effects on both per Capita National Income and the
amount of Business Sales. Second, there exists a positive relationship between ramp and economic development. This relationship is significant for the amount of Business Sales but not for Capita National Income.
Therefore, this study supports the argument that the road construction accelerates economic development.

Key words: road construction, economic development.

摘要　　　Ⅰ
Abstract　　　Ⅱ
誌謝　　　Ⅳ
目錄　　　Ⅴ
圖目錄　　　Ⅶ
表目錄　　　Ⅷ
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究架構 3
第二章 文獻探討 5
2.1 道路建設與經濟發展之相關性 5
2.1.1 道路基礎建設對經濟發展之貢獻 5
2.1.2 高速公路與快速道路對經濟發展之貢獻 7
2.1.3 國家/區域經濟發展衡量與相關因素 9
2.2 台灣經濟發展 12
2.3 台灣道路分類與現況 14
第三章 研究方法 20
3.1 Panel Data 20
3.1.1 固定效果模型 21
3.1.2 隨機效果模型 21
3.1.3 Hausman檢定 23
3.2 因素分析法 24
3.2.1 基本觀念 24
3.2.2 因素分析模型架構 25
3.2.3 因素萃取(Factor extraction) 26
3.2.4 參數估計 27
3.2.5 因素旋轉(Factor Rotation) 27
3.2.6 因素命名(Factor Rename)與因素得點(Factor Score) 28
第四章 實證模型 29
4.1 模型建立 29
4.2 實證模型建立 29
4.3 資料蒐集 35
第五章 實證模型分析 39
5.1 敍述統計 39
5.2 實證模型分析 42
第六章 結論 48
6.2 資料限制 50
參考文獻 51
附錄A 57
附錄B 國道連結道路 60

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三．政府出版品及網站資料
1.中華民國交通部網站http://www.motc.gov.tw/
2.中華民國招商網http://investintaiwan.nat.gov.tw/zh-tw/env/stats/per_capita_gdp.html
3.中華民國統計資訊網http://61.60.106.82/pxweb/Dialog/statfile9.asp
4.中華民國經濟部http://www.moea.gov.tw
5.行政院主計處網站http://www.dgbas.gov.tw
6.交通部公路總局http://www.thb.gov.tw/
7.交通部統計處(56年-95年)，中華民國交通統計要覽。
8.財政部台北巿國稅局https://www.ntat.gov.tw/county/ntat_ch/index.jsp
9.國民所得統計摘要電子書(97年)
10.國道高速公路總局http://www.freeway.gov.tw/Default.aspx