臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在探討漢語中交互詞的句法結構及語意表現上，先此前關於漢語交互詞的研究並不多，因此本篇試著整理出漢語中具有交互語意的相關詞彙，並且進一步找出它們的相異點。關於英文交互詞方面的研究，Heim是以範域(scope)的角度來研究，而Williams則是以非範域(non-scope)的角度來研究。然而就漢語來說，無法用這兩種方式來解釋交互詞句法及語意的呈現，因此本文是以Chomsky在極極小主義中提出的屬性檢驗(feature checking)和Frampton & Gutmann(2000)提出的屬性分享的主張來解釋漢語交互詞的結構，他們認為呼應就是一種屬性分享(agreement is feature sharing)方式，將其主張套用在漢語交互結構之中，用來解釋交互詞的運作狀況。

目 錄 目 錄 i 表目錄 iii 圖目錄 iv 圖目錄 iv 第一章 1 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機 1 1.2 研究目的 3 1.3內容組織 4 第二章 5 文獻探討 5 2.1英文交互詞之分析 5 2.1.1 Chomsky 以約束理論(binding theory)看交互詞 5 2.1.2 Chomsky: 以極小主義看照應詞 9 2.1.3 Heim, Lasnik and May(1991)的分析 15 2.1.3.2 A “puzzle of scope” 16 2.1.3.3 交互詞的語意(semantic of reciprocal) 18 2.1.3.4 “Long-distance” 20 2.1.4 Edwin Williams (1991)的分析 21 2.1.4.1 Williams 提出No scope assignment 21 2.1.4.2 “Each other” 不是一個分配詞 24 2.1.4.3 The linking theory 26 2.2漢語交互詞之分析 30 2.2.1 李梅都(1988)的分析 30 2.2.2呂叔湘(1980)的分析 31 2.2.2.1. 「彼此」的分析 31 2.2.2.2 「互相」的分析 32 2.2.3 湯廷池(1994)的分析 33 2.2.3.1 漢語照應詞的介紹 33 2.2.3.2 句法上的交互詞分析 36 2.2.3.3 交互詞與反身交互詞的討論 38 第三章 40 漢語中交互詞的探究 40 3.1 導論 40 3.2 漢語中的交互詞 40 3.3「彼此」的分佈 44 3.3.1 主語的「彼此」 44 3.3.2 賓語的「彼此」 46 3.3.3 所有格特性的「彼此」 50 3.3.4 強調性交互詞「彼此」 50 3.3.5 結論 53 3.4. 「互相」的定義 54 3.4.1 副詞性的「互相」 55 3.4.2 交互詞「互相」的其它分佈 59 3.4.3 結論 59 3.5 「彼此」和「互相」的同異點 60 3.6 「相互」的定義 64 3.6.1 副詞性的「相互」 65 3.6.2 「相互」與「互相」的同異點 66 3.7 交互詞「互」的探討 67 3.7.1 有關交互詞「互」其它的結構 70 3.8 交互詞「相」 71 3.9 　反身交互詞「自相」 74 3.10 多重交互詞 (multiple reciprocals) 75 第四章 81 漢語交互結構句型 81 4.1 交互結構的類型 81 4.1.1語法性質的動詞交互結構 83 4.1.2 複合性質的動詞交互結構 85 4.1.3 代名詞性的名詞交互結構 85 4.1.4 數量詞性的名詞交互結構 86 4.2 屬性分享 (feature sharing) 88 4.3 漢語的交互詞結構 91 4.3.1 簡單句 92 4.3.2 複雜句(the complex sentences) 98 4.4無交互詞的交互結構 109 4.4.1英文中的無交互詞之交互語意結構 110 4.4.2 漢語中無交互詞的例子:「V來V去」的結構 115 第五章 127 結論與建議 127 5.1結論 127 5.2建議 130 參考文獻 131 表目錄 表3-1 52 表3-2 64 表3-3: 67 表3-4 74 表4-1 117 表4-2 118 表4-3 119 表4-4 119 表4-5 122 表5-1 「彼此」的特點 127 表5-2 「互相」的特點 128 表5-3 「互」的特點 128 表5-4 「相」的特點 128 表5-5 「自相」的特點 129 圖目錄 圖 4-1 81 圖 4-2 82

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