背景：人類腦部構造十分複雜且功能對人體的影響十分的廣泛，其中海馬迴是與記憶有關
的構造並且和一些神經退化性及智能方面的疾病及情感障礙的精神疾患有關；側腦
室為腦中之空腔，腦室的擴大與萎縮和大腦的結構相關；而中腦為腦幹的一部份與
視覺、聽覺、眼球運動及身體運動有關，由於腦部構造十分的複雜且與許多疾病相
關，目前隨著醫療器材的進步，已對於腦部複雜且微小的構造能更精確的分析，因
此，本研究希望利用MRI建立台灣民眾海馬迴間距、側腦室寬度及中腦直徑之平均常
模，並利用健檢的相關數據探討影響這些構造之相關因素。
目的：利用個案醫院健檢民眾參與MRI之腦部影像建構我國健康成年人之海馬迴間距、海馬
迴間距/顱內寬度(海顱比)、側腦室寬度、側腦室寬度/顱內寬度(側顱比)及中腦直
徑等腦部構造之平均值，並探討利用體檢蒐集之相關數據對於這些腦部構造之影
響。
材料：本次研究之樣本為民國94年所有至和平醫院接受內含頭部MRI的全身健康檢查之民
眾，受檢者共223名，在刪除重要變項之遺漏值，後剩餘的為202位。
方法：複迴歸分析技術進行海馬迴間距、側腦室寬度及中腦直徑與相關因素分析。
結果：在海馬迴部份，海馬迴間距與年齡和性別相關，海顱比則與年齡及血小板相關；側
腦室的部份則與性別、年齡及神經科門診相關；中腦與年齡和血小板有關。
討論：本研究結果發現腦部構造的變化通常與年齡和性別有關，此外，透過健康檢查的相
關數據分析發現海顱比和中腦與血小板有關，這在過去相關的研究中尚未發現，未
來可以進一步探討。

Background: The structure of the human brain is very complicated and
it can affect the human body extensively. It’s includes
Hippocampus, the hippocampus is related to the structure
of memories, nerve retrogrades, intellect illnesses and
emotional difficulty like psychological problems;
ventricles is known as the brain’s space and the
enlarged or atrophy in the ventricles of the brain is
interrelates with cerebrum structure; midbrain is a part
of brain stem and it’s affects our vision, hearing, eye
movement and physical exercise. Due to the complication
of brain structure, it interrelating with many
illnesses, but with the development and improvement of
medical apparatus, we can now analyze the brain
structure and its elements more accurately than before.
Therefore, the aim for this research is to introduce the
interuncal distance, ventricles width and midbrain
distance by using MRI (nuclear-magnentic resonance) to
our nation. With utilizing this data from related
medical examinations it is used to discuss the causes of
the issues.
Purpose: From the resources of individual adults whom contributed
MRI brain images in interuncal distance, interuncal
distance/intracranial width, ventricles width, ventricles
width/intracranial width, midbrain distance and other parts
of the brain’s general average. We are able to use those
data collections for further research in human brain and
its structure.
Resource: The resources of this research were collected from people
whom took part in medical examinations for brain MRI in
the 94th year of republic era at at a Regional Hospital in
Taipei. There were 223 people who took the examination in
total and after certain selection; there were 202 people
who contributed in this research.
Methods: With multiple regression, processing interuncal distance,
ventricles width, midbrain distance and analysis related
factors.
Result: As in hippocampus, interuncal distance is correlating with
age and gender. And interuncal distance/intracranial width
ratio is correlating with age and platelets. As in
ventricle, it’s correlating with sex, age and records
received from a neurology department. Midbrain is
correlating with age and platelets.
Discussion: From the result of this research, we found that
variations of the brain structure usually relating to
the age and gender. Also from those medical
examination’s related figures, we found that interuncal
distance/intracranial width ratio is correlating with
midbrain and platelets, which is undiscovered from
previous researches and we should study the issue
further in the future.

目錄
摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………I
英文摘要……………………………………………………………………………………...II
目錄………………………………………………………………………………….........III
表目錄………………………………………………………………………………….......IV
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………………………...V
第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………………………………..1
第一節 研究背景及動機…………………………………………………………………....1
第二節 研究目的及重要性………………………………………………………………....4
第二章 文獻探討……………………………………………………………………………..5
第一節 腦部構造…………………………………………………………………………....5
第二節 海馬迴構造與相關疾病…………………………………………………………...10
第三節 側腦室構造與相關疾病…………………………………………………………...18
第四節 中腦構造與相關疾病…………..………………………………………...……..21
第五節 海馬迴、側腦室、中腦正常值相關研究…………………………………………..26
第六節 影響腦部循環與構造之相關因素探討…………………………………………....28
第七節 MRI相關原理…………………………………………………………………….....38
第三章 研究設計與方法……………………………………………………………………...43
第一節 研究設計與研究架構…………..………………..…………………………..…..43
第二節 研究對象………..………………………..……………………………………....45
第三節 研究工具………………………………………………………………………......45
第四節 資料蒐集過程…………………………………………………………………......46
第五節 研究變項之定義………………………………………………………………...47
第六節 資料分析………………………………………………………………………...50
第七節 總結……………………………………………………………………………...52
第四章 研究結果………………………………………………………………………….53
第一節 研究對象之相關特性分佈……………………..…………..………………….53
第二節 海馬迴間距、側腦室寬度、中腦直徑相關特性之簡單相關分析…………...57
第三節 影響腦部海馬迴、側腦室、中腦構造之相關因素探討…….………………..61
第四節 健檢民眾之海馬迴、側腦室及中腦之常模分佈情形………………………….71
第五章 討論與建議……………………………………………………………………….76
第一節 影響腦部海馬迴、側腦室及中腦距離相關探討………………………….....76
第二節 研究限制………………………………………………………………………...83
第三節 實務應用與未來研究之建議…………………………………………………...84
參考文獻
中文部份…………………………………………………………………………………..85
英文部份…………………………………………………………………………………..88

表目錄
表2-1腦部主要構造與相關功能說明………………………………………………8
表2-2 PSP常見臨床症狀整理………………………………………………………23
表2-3腦部海馬迴、側腦室、中腦等構造與各疾病相關性研究……………………31
表2-4海馬迴、側腦室、中腦正常值之相關研究……………………………………37
表3-1研究變項定義…………………………………………………………….…..47
表4-1研究醫院健康檢查個案腦部結構之相關特性………………………………55
表4-2研究醫院健康檢查個案腦部結構之相關特性分佈-依照變項特性……….56
表4-3個案醫院健檢民眾之海馬迴測量值與相關特性之簡單相關分析………….58
表4-4個案醫院健檢民眾之側腦室和中腦測量值與相關特性之簡單相關分析…60
表4-5相關係數範圍與對應之相關程度……………………………………………62
表4-6影響海馬迴、側腦室或中腦構造因素之相關矩陣…………………………..63
表4-7個案醫院健檢民眾海馬迴構造與影響因素之相關性分析析………..……..65
表4-8個案醫院健檢民眾側腦室構造與影響因素之相關性分析…………………68
表4-9個案醫院健檢民眾腦部中腦構造與影響因素之相關性分析………………70
表4-10個案醫院健檢民眾海馬迴間距之常模分佈情形…………………………..72
表4-11個案醫院健檢民眾海馬迴間距之常模分佈情形－依照性別分組………..72
表4-12個案醫院健檢民眾側腦室寬度及中腦直徑之常模分佈情形………….….75
表4-13個案醫院健檢民眾側腦室寬度及中腦直徑之常模分佈情形-依照性別分組…………………………………………………………………………....75
圖目錄
圖2-1中樞神經系統矢狀切面圖……………………………………………………6
圖2-2腦部右半側邊緣系統構造……………………………………………………10
圖2-3腦室系統矢狀切面……………………………………………………………19
圖3-1研究架構圖……………………………………………………………………44
圖3-2海馬迴間距測量範圍…………………………………………………………49
圖3-3側腦室測量範圍………………………………………………………………49
圖5-1國人海馬迴間距平均值分佈折線圖…………………………………………80
圖5-2國人海顱比平均值分佈折線圖………………………………………………80
圖5-3國人側腦室寬度平均值分佈折線圖…………………………………………81
圖5-4國人側顱比平均值分佈折線圖………………………………………………81
圖5-5國人中腦直徑平均值分佈折線圖……………………………………………82

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