臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

我們使用四乙氧基鍺作為前驅物在非離子型界面活性劑Triton X-100形成反式微胞的系統下，經由水解縮合作用且水相酸鹼值約1.0的條件下，成功合成出長寬約為200及150奈米粒徑的特殊六角楊桃狀二氧化鍺粒子。此反微胞系統下，隨著水相酸鹼值的增加可以將粒子的形貌從六角楊桃狀轉變成類立方體結構，並調控各種試劑的莫爾比例(分別為p, Rw, h)與不同的反應時間去探討每一個實驗參數對於粒子形貌和粒徑大小的影響。將所得到的產物利用粉末X光繞射儀，傅立葉紅外線光和拉曼光譜分析來鑑定成分以及從電子顯微鏡下觀察其特殊的形貌，而此六角楊桃形狀的成因推測可能為Triton X-100 與粒子表面間的氫鍵作用力。
對於另一種二氧化鍺的奈米結構，我們利用Stöber法製出表面具親水性的二氧化矽球再經由簡單的Solvothermal 合成法成功製備出二氧化矽–二氧化鍺的殼層奈米結構。使用四乙氧基鍺和異丙醇分別作為前驅物和溶劑，反應溫度100 °C，我們在穿透式電子顯微鏡下進行選區電子繞射得知這小於10奈米的薄層為非結晶性物質，但利用電子能譜儀及能量散佈光譜進一步分析推測其成分可能是一個非結晶相的二氧化鍺。

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract i
Acknowledgements iii
Table of Contents iv
List of Figures vii
List of Tables ix
CHAPTER 1 AN INTRODUCTION TO GERMANIUM DIOXIDE NANOSTRUCTURES
1-1 Properties and Applications of GeO2 1
1-2 Methods of Preparation of GeO2 Nanostructures 3
1-2.1 One-Dimensional GeO2 Synthesis 3
1-2.2 Sol–Gel Process of GeO2 7
1-2.3 Fundamentals of Microemulsions 9
1-2.4 Synthesis of GeO2 Nanoparticle from Reverse Micelle 12
1-3 References 15

CHAPTER 2 MORPHOLOGY CONTROL OF GERMANIUM DIOXIDE PARTICLES IN A TRITON X-100 REVERSE MICELLE SYSTEM
2-1 Introduction 17
2-2 Experimental Section 19
2-2.1 Materials 19
2-2.2 Synthesis 20
2-1.3 Instruments and Characterization 20
2-3 Results and Discussion 22
2-3.1 Results and Characterization of the Hexagonal Star Fruit-Shaped GeO2 22
2-3.2 Effect on Particle Size and Morphology by Different p 30
2-3.3 Effect of Varying Solution pH on Morphology 31
2-3.4 Effect on Particle Size by Different Rw 36
2-3.5 Effect on Particle Size by Different h 39
2-3.6 Effect on Particle Size by Different Reaction Time 41
2-3.7 Possible Formation Process of GeO2 Particles 44
2-3.8 Optical Properties of GeO2 Particles 46
2-4 Conclusion 47
2-5 References 48

CHAPTER 3 SYNTHESIS OF GERMANIA-COATED SILICA SPHERES VIA SOL–GOL PROCESS
3-1 Introduction 50
3-2 Experimental Section 53
3-2.1 Preparation of Germania-Coated Silica Spheres with a Reverse Micelle System
53
3-2.2 Preparation of Germania-Coated Silica Spheres with a Solvothermal Method via a Sol–Gel Process 54
3-2.3 Instruments and Characterization 57
3-3 Results and Discussions 57
3-3.1 XRD, FT-IR spectrum, and SEM Investigation of Silica Spheres 57
3-3.2 Failure of GeO2 Coating on Silica Spheres by the Reverse Micelle System 60
3-3.3 Results and Characterization of GeO2-coated Silica Sphere with a Solvothermal Method via a Sol–Gel Process 61
3-3.4 Effect of Temperature and Solvent on Shell Formation 66
3-4 Conclusion 70
3-5 References 71

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