臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究提出一種新穎有機發光二極體（organic light-emitting diode，OLED）製造方法，其乃利用接觸印刷，將發光材料轉印至元件上，成功製備出紅、綠、藍光色OLED元件；所選用的紅色發光層材料為：主體材料4,4’-bis(9-carbazolyl)-biphenyl (CBP) 摻混紅光染料bis(2-(2’-benzo[4,5-a]thienyl)pyridinato-N,C3’) iridium(acetylacetonate)；綠色發光層為：主體材料CBP摻混綠光染料fac tris-(2-phenylpyridine) iridium；藍色發光層則為：免用主體之藍色發光材料trans-1,2-bis(6- (N,N-di-p-tolylamino)-naphthalene-2-yl)ethene；各元件所搭配之電洞注入材料為：poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene)-poly-(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)，電子傳輸材料為：1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl) benzene (TPBi)；所得元件結構為：透明導電陽極銦錫氧化物/電洞注入層PEDOT:PSS/發光層/電子傳輸層TPBi/電子注入層氟化鋰/陰極鋁；目前所得各元件之最大亮度，分別為紅光的45、綠光的332與藍光的48 cd/m2。

目錄
摘要.......................................................I
獻........................................................II
致謝.....................................................III
目錄......................................................VI
表目錄....................................................IX
圖目錄.....................................................X
壹、 緒論...............................................1
貳、 文獻回顧...........................................3
2-1、有機發光二極體之發光原理..........................3
2-2、有機發光二極體之歷史發展..........................4
2-2-1、早期發展....................................4
2-2-2、元件結構之改良..............................7
2-3、有機發光二極體之製造方法.........................11
2-3-1、真空蒸鍍法.................................11
2-3-2、旋轉塗佈法.................................13
2-3-3、噴墨印刷法.................................13
2-4、接觸印刷技術.....................................15
2-4-1、接觸印刷介紹及原理.........................15
2-4-2、印模性質...................................16
2-4-3、接觸印刷於有機發光二極體之應用.............16
參、 實驗方法..........................................19
3-1、材料.............................................19
3-2、印模製備.........................................21
3-3、轉印墨水之配製...................................22
3-4、OLED元件製備.....................................23
3-4-1、ITO玻璃基板蝕刻............................23
3-4-2、ITO玻璃基板清洗............................23
3-4-3、旋轉塗佈電洞注入層.........................24
3-4-4、接觸印刷製備OLED元件之發光層...............24
3-4-5、真空蒸鍍...................................25
3-5、元件之電路設計...................................27
3-6、元件電流與亮度特性量測...........................29
肆、 結果與討論........................................30
4-1、轉印墨水之選擇與性質探討.........................30
4-2、氧氣電漿處理對印模表面潤濕性之影響...............32
4-3、上墨方式對薄膜均勻性之影響.......................34
4-4、轉印參數對轉印效果之影響.........................35
4-5、接觸印刷製備紅、綠、藍光色OLED元件...............36
4-5-1、元件結構...................................36
4-5-2、旋轉塗佈及轉印參數對元件效能表現影響.......36
伍、 結論..............................................40
陸、 參考資料..........................................41
附錄、個人著作目錄........................................45

表目錄
表一、本研究選用之有機材料化學式與簡稱....................19
表二、實驗選用溶劑之特性..................................30
表三、藍光發光材料BNE於所選溶劑中之溶解情形...............31
表四、紅色與綠色發光層組成於各式溶劑中之溶解情形..........32
表五、旋塗及轉印參數對OLED元件亮度表現之影響..............38

圖目錄
圖一、OLED元件結構.........................................3
圖二、OLED發光原理示意圖...................................4
圖三、1987年美國柯達公司發表之異質接面雙層OLED元件結構.....6
圖四、1989年美國柯達公司發表之摻混式OLED元件結構...........8
圖五、Saito研究團隊提出載子再結合區域位於具電洞傳輸功能的發
光層上之元件結構...........................................9
圖六、1991年Saito研究團隊提出之三層OLED元件結構............9
圖七、1993年Kido團隊提出之幽禁式元件結構..................10
圖八、真空蒸鍍有機薄膜之示意圖............................12
圖九、(a)點型及(b)線型蒸鍍源之比較........................12
圖十、旋轉塗佈有機薄膜之示意圖............................14
圖十一、噴墨印刷製備全彩化OLED............................14
圖十二、熱輔助接觸印刷轉印電洞阻擋材料....................17
圖十三、熱輔助接觸印刷轉印PEDOT:PSS至ITO玻璃上之成果......18
圖十四、本研究選用有機材料之化學結構式....................20
圖十五、PDMS印模製備流程圖................................21
圖十六、轉印機台示意圖....................................25
圖十七、真空蒸鍍系統......................................26
圖十八、OLED元件之電路設計................................28
圖十九、OLED元件之電流-電壓-亮度量測示意圖................28
圖二十、墨水液滴在經氧氣電漿處理前後印模表面之分散情形....33
圖二十一、PDMS印模經氧氣電漿處理後表面潤濕效果示意圖......33
圖二十二、本研究製備之OLED元件結構圖......................37
圖二十三、發光與未發光藍色OLED元件之電流密度比較..........39

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