臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於台灣地區河川之特性多為短小且急促，因而水資源之保存不易，再加上若以水庫蓄水仍有淤積之問題存在，故而希望找出適合之方法可長期監測水庫之淤積量，以提供各水庫管理者可選擇合適之測量方法，定期監控水庫之狀況並適時決定合適的解決辦法。本研究即針對此問題對台灣地區水庫以不同之淤積測量方法進行分析與討論，希望能提供適合各水庫測量淤積量之最佳辦法。
經綜合分析結果，水庫淤積測量建議由傳統單音束水深斷面式測法，提昇為多音束水深測量方式，可呈現高精細度之水深地形。並以內政部陸地高精度高密度的數值地形模型為標準(模型間距建議至少為5m x 5m)配合專業容積計算軟體，每公分逐層計算水庫容積，以達到精確容積計算成果，並配合前次施測成果，可計算出水庫容積及地形變化侵淤比較。水庫淤積測量頻率，則建議至少每年監測一次，以作為水庫營運的參考、水庫容積量衰減的推算指標及相關浚渫研議之依據。如為瞭解水庫地質構造及底泥沉積情況及泥質，建議可採用地質震測方式，除具備施測速度、降低環境破壞及迅速取得大範圍之庫底淤積資訊外，並可結合水底地形、側掃聲納或底質採樣等成果，以便更瞭解水庫底層的總體情況。

The water resource is difficult to preserve, due to the characteristics of most of rivers in Taiwan are short and rapid. In addition, the problem of silting still exists for reservoir impoundment. Therefore, this study is tried to find out a way to identify long-term monitoring of silting of reservoir. Reservoir managers may choose the appropriate method of hydrographic survey to regularly monitor the situation of silting of reservoir and provide a suitable solution. This research on this issue is analyzing and discussing the various methods of reservoir silting survey
in Taiwan which can provide the best solution to measure the amount of reservoir silting.
Through the comprehensive analysis of the results, in order to get a high accuracy hydrographic topography upgrading the method of hydrographic survey from the traditional single-beam cross-section survey to multi-beam survey in the reservoir region silting survey will be suggested. By using MOI (Ministry Of the Interior) high accuracy and high density digital terrain model as a standard (model interval 5mx5m at least) and calculation with professional software to get the value of reservoir volume for each centimeter layer and obtain the result of high accuracy volume calculation. Co-operated with previous survey result, and get the comparison of reservoir volume calculation and topography silting variation. For reservoir operating reference and in accordance with reservoir volume decrease index and dredging considering, the frequency of the reservoir region silting survey once a year at least will be suggested. In order to understand the reservoir such as the geological structure and sediment deposition and muddy, the proposed geological seismic methods will be made, in addition to speed up surveying, reducing environmental damage and quickly get the information of deposition in large-scale, and combine the underwater topography, side-scan sonar or sediment sampling results, and so on, in order to better understand the overall situation of the reservoir bottom.

目 錄
摘 要..................................................I
Abstract..............................................II
目 錄.................................................III
表 目 錄................................................V
圖 目 錄...............................................VI
第一章 前言.............................................1
1-1 研究動機............................................1
1-2 文獻回顧............................................3
1-3 論文組織架構.........................................5
第二章 水庫淤積測量方法...................................6
2-1 水深測量系統.........................................6
2-2 地球物理方法--淺層震測剖面儀..........................24
2-3 航空測量............................................28
2-4 其他方法—無人遙控載具、水上摩托車等....................48
2-5 容積計算方法.........................................49
第三章 水庫淤積測量實務....................................52
3-1 單音束測深實例-尖山埤水庫..............................52
3-2 多音束測深實例-鯉魚潭水庫..............................56
3-3 淺層震測實例-曾文水庫.................................75
第四章 水庫淤積測量方法實例探討.............................85
4-1 單音束測深與多音束測深成果之差異........................85
4-2 淺層震測測淤量成果之探討-曾文水庫......................107
第五章 結論與建議........................................113
5-1 結論................................................113
5-2 建議................................................114
參考文獻.................................................116
謝 誌...................................................118

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