臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究目的在於探討五種意象使用型態(特定認知意象、一般認知意象、特定動機意象、一般精熟動機意象、一般喚醒動機意象)對狀態自信心與焦慮的預測力，以了解在增進自信心與抗焦慮上，是否有不同的適用意象型態，以利實際應用上，能夠分別針對運動員的自信心或焦慮問題，提供適切的意象使用型態參考。本研究之研究對象以大專排球聯賽特優級排球選手為研究參與者，男146人、女生134人，合計280人，平均年齡21.5歲。研究工具包括「運動意象量表中文修訂版」、「修訂版賽前狀態焦慮量表」。資料蒐集完成後，以簡單相關分析、逐步迴歸分析進行統計分析，得到以下幾點發現：

一、一般精熟動機意象正向預測狀態自信心、認知焦慮方向性及身體焦慮方向
性，而對認知焦慮強度呈現負向預測。
二、一般喚醒動機意象正向預測認知焦慮強度；特定動機意象正向預測認知焦
慮強度及身體焦慮強度，負向預測狀態自信心及認知焦慮方向性。
三、一般認知意象正向預測狀態自信心、認知焦慮方向性以及身體焦慮方向
性，而對認知焦慮強度和身體焦慮強度呈現負向預測。

本研究依據理論架構及過去研究對於上述的結果進行討論，並針對實際應用和未來研究方向提出一些具體。

This study examine the predictability of the five types of imagery use (cognitional general, cognitional specific, motivational specific, motivational general-arousal, and motivational general-mastery) to pre-competitive self-confidence, and intensity and direction of anxiety. The study’s goals were searching the fitting type of imagery use, in order to advance self-confidence and reduce on anxiety, and hoping to provide the appropriate type of imagery use for the athlete had the questions about self-confidence or the anxiety.
Participants were 280 volleyball player (males=146, females=134) aged 21.5years recruited from the teams joined the level-one game of University Basketball Association. Instruments used to collect date were “Chinese Version of Sport Imagery Questionnaire”, “Modified Chinese Version of Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2”. Data obtained in this study were analyzed by correlate analysis, stepwise regression analysis and the major findings were as follows：
1. Motivational general-mastery positively predicted state self-confidence, the
direction of cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety. Motivational general-mastery
also negatively predicted the intensity of cognitive anxiety.
2. Motivational general-arousal positively predicted intensity of cognitive anxiety.
Motivational specific positively predicted intensity of cognitive anxiety and
somatic anxiety. Motivational specific also negatively predicted state
self-confidence and the direction of cognitive anxiety.
3. Cognitional general positively predicted state self-confidence, the direction of
cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety. Cognitional general also negatively
predicted the intensity of cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety.
Discussions are provided in term of the findings and theoretical framework. Practical implication and future research directions are also recommended.

謝誌 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－I
中文摘要 － －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－II
英文摘要 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－III
目次 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－V
表次 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ －VIII
圖次 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ －－－－－－－－－－IX

第壹章 緒論－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 1
第一節 問題背景－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 1
第二節 研究問題－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 4
第三節 研究假設－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 4
第四節 名詞操作型定義－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 5
第二章 文獻探討－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 7
第一節 意象研究模式與相關理論基礎－－－－－－－－ 7
第二節 意象使用型態與自信心相關研究－－－－－－－14
第三節 意象使用型態與焦慮相關研究－－－－－－－－18
第三章 研究方法與步驟－－－－－－－－－－－－－－21
第一節 研究對象－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－21
第二節 研究工具－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－21
第三節 研究步驟－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－23
第四節 資料處理－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－23
第四章 結果－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－24
第一節 基本描述統計和簡單相關 －－－－－－－－－ 24
第二節意象使用型態對狀態自信心的預測 －－－－－－26
第三節 意象使用型態對狀態焦慮強度的預測－－－－－28
第四節 意象使用型態對狀態焦慮方向性的預測－－－－31
第五章 討論－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－34
第一節意象使用型態對狀態自信心的預測 －－－－－－34
第二節 意象使用型態對狀態焦慮強度的預測－－－－－36
第三節 意象使用型態對狀態焦慮方向性的預測－－－－39
第四節 綜合討論－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－41
第六章 結論與建議－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－46
第一節 結論－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ －－－－46
第二節 建議－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ －－－－48
參考文獻－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－51
附錄－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－59
附錄一 意象基本介紹－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－59
附錄二 參與者同意書－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－60
附錄三 運動意象量表中文修訂版－－－－－－－－－－－61
附錄四 修訂版賽前狀態焦慮量表－－－－－－－－－－－67
附錄五 中介變項的定義與構成條件－－－－－－－－－－68
附錄六 多元迴歸分析表－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－69

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