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研究生:李文心
研究生(外文):Wen-Hsin Lee
論文名稱:南沖繩海槽MD012403岩芯碎屑沉積物:源區與古海洋變遷
論文名稱(外文):Detrital Sediments of Core MD012403 in Southern Okinawa Trough : Implications for Provenance and Paleoceanographic Changes
指導教授:魏國彥魏國彥引用關係
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣大學
系所名稱:地質科學研究所
學門:自然科學學門
學類:地球科學學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2008
畢業學年度:96
語文別:中文
論文頁數:45
中文關鍵詞:沖繩海槽黑潮黏土礦物粒徑分析主要元素分析
外文關鍵詞:Okinawa TroughKuroshioclay mineralsgrain size analysismajor elements
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國際古海洋全球變遷計畫(IMAGES)於2001年在西太平洋鑽取了一系列的深洋岩芯,期望可解析晚第四紀以來千年尺度的古海洋環境變化。沖繩海槽位處黑潮主流流經的地理樞紐,本研究利用取自南沖繩海槽MD012403岩芯的碎屑沉積物的粒徑分佈、黏土礦物及主要元素的組成,探討三萬年來黑潮流徑的變遷,以及沉積物供應來源變化。MD012403岩芯位於沖繩海槽的西南端 (25° 03.90'' N,123° 16.94'' E),沉積物以陸源碎屑物為主,海源生物殼體次之;相對於其他深洋岩芯而言,本岩芯擁有較高的沉積速率(每千年50-500 cm)。
MD012403岩芯細粒沉積物的粒徑中值在20-32.6 ka時為7.3-7.8 Φ,較10.1-20 ka為細;10.1 ka以後,沉積物有變粗並伴隨著淘選度變差的趨勢,這樣的粒徑變化與可淘選粉砂(sortable silt)含量的增高指示著黑潮在此時進入了沖繩海槽。
台灣北部沉積物黏土礦物的Chlorite / Kaolinite值(>5)遠遠高於東海陸棚(<2),本研究中岩芯沉積物在0-12 ka的Chlorite / Kaolinite值(2-6)高於12-21 ka的Chlorite / Kaolinite值(0.5),推論12-21 ka東海陸棚為南沖繩海槽沉積物主要供應來源。
台灣沉積物與東海陸棚物質在主要元素K2O/TiO2比值上也有明顯差距,台灣沉積物的K2O/TiO2會高於東海陸棚的值,本研究中K2O/TiO2值(4.5)在12-21 ka遠遠低於0-12 ka及21-32.6 ka時的6-6.5,和黏土礦物變化趨勢一致,在12-21 ka時,東海陸棚物質輸入遠大於台灣東北部的貢獻。
High sedimentation rates (50-500cm/kyr) in the South Okinawa Trough (SOT) provide high resolution records for reconstructing millennial or centennial paleo-environment changes. This research analyzes the grain size distribution , clay mineral assemblage and major elements of the IMAGE Core MD012403 retrieved from the Southern Okinawa Trough.
The medians of grain size in MD012403 varied from 7.3 Φ to 7.8 Φ during 32.6 ka-20 ka and showed a coarsening trend during 21 ka-10.1 ka. After 10.1 ka, the grain sizes increased to 6.6-7.1 Φ were more stable in association with poor sorting. High content of sortable silt also occurred at this period, indicating the intensity of Kuroshio current was enhanced.
The average chlorite / kaolinite ratio of detrital sediments from Taiwan (5.0) is much higher than that from the East China Sea Continental (ECS) Shelf (<2.0). The ratio of chlorite / kaolinite in Core MD012403 shows high values (2-6) during 0 ka-12 ka and maintains low (0.5) between 12 ka-21 ka. This suggests that the ECS may be the major sedimentary provenance during 12 ka-21 ka.
Concentrations of MnO、CaO、MgO、ΣFe2O3 in sediment increase with depth but Na2O displays an opposite trend. Aoki and Oinuma(1974) documented that the sediments come from East China Shelf have a significantly low K/Ti ratio. In this study, the ratios of K/Ti drop down during 12 ka-21 ka indicating sources of sediments were mainly from ECS shelf. This interpretation is consistent with evidence also supports the inference derived from clay mineral assemblage.
摘 要 I
目 錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1、沖繩海槽環境背景 1
1.2、黑潮 3
1.3、沉積物供應源區 3
1.4、年代模式與沉積速率 4
1.5、研究目的與方法 6
第二章 實驗方法 7
2.1、岩芯標本採樣 7
2.2、粒徑分析 8
2.3、黏土礦物分析 9
2.4、主要元素分析 10
第三章 岩芯沉積物之黏土礦物組成 13
3.1、黏土礦物概述 13
3.2、MD012403中黏土礦物相對含量變化 14
3.3、MD012403沉積物源區變化探討 16
第四章 岩芯沉積物中主要元素含量分析 19
4.1、主要元素含量變化 19
4.2、從主要元素探討沉積物源區變化 25
第五章 岩芯沉積物之粒度與其隱示之意義 27
5.1、沉積物之粒度分析 27
5.2、粒徑粒度分析與古黑潮 27
第六章 結論 30
參考文獻 32
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