臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究是利用熱處理，TFT-LCD廢玻璃與氟化化污泥進行玻璃陶瓷資材化研究，研究方式為先以試藥級藥品製備玻璃陶瓷，之後再以TFT-LCD玻璃與氟化鈣污泥取代試藥級配比，目的為了比較其差異性。本質驗共分為兩階段，第一階段先研究TFT-LCD玻璃與氟化鈣污泥之基本特性，包括：三成分分析、毒性特性溶出試驗、晶相分析；第二階段為研究試藥級玻璃陶瓷與包含TFT-LCD玻璃與氟化鈣污泥之玻璃陶瓷之性質分析，包括熱差分析、X射線繞射分析、觀察微觀結構，可評估取代之合適性。
實驗結果顯示，當TFT-LCD玻璃取代試藥級配比中的二氧化矽50％及氟化鈣污泥取代試藥級配比中的氧化鈣50％時，可得到最低熔流點1249℃，此時CaO+SiO2＝47.08 （％），鹽基度CaO/SiO2＝0.51；X射線繞射分析中指出，加入TFT-LCD玻璃與氟化鈣污泥玻璃陶瓷結晶強度較強，而結晶相為鈣長石（Anorthite），致使TFT-LCD 玻璃與氟化鈣污泥經熱處理後具資材化為玻璃陶瓷之潛力。

The study was to waste utilize the TFT-LCD waste glass and CaF2 sludge into glass-ceramics through thermal process. The research method was first to produce glass-ceramics with laboratory chemicals, then the laboratory chemicals were replaced by TFT-LCD waste glass and CaF2 sludge. In order to compare the difference between each other. The experiments were divided into two stages: (1) to study basic characterization of TFT-LCD waste glass and CaF2 sludge, including three constituents analysis, TCLP, and SEM. (2) to study the properties of laboratory chemical glass-ceramics with and without the replacement of TFT-LCD waste glass and CaF2 sludge, including DTA, XRD, and SEM.
The experimental results showed that lowest pouring temperature was 1249℃when laboratory chemical SiO2 were replaced by 50 % TFT-LCD waste glass and CaO were replaced by 50 % CaF2 sludge. CaO+SiO2＝47.08 (％) and basicity ( CaO / SiO2 )＝ 0.51was corresponding to the lowest pouring temperature of 1249℃. XRD results showed that intensity of crystallization is better in glass-ceramics with TFT-LCD waste glass and CaF2 sludge, the crystallization phase is Anorthite, so that FT-LCD waste glass and CaF2 sludge prccess production has the potential to be used as glass-ceramics by thermal treatment.

第一章 前言.....................................................................................................................1
1.1 研究緣起....................................................................................................................1
1.1.1 TFT-LCD製程廢玻璃..............................................................................................1
1.1.2 氟化鈣污泥.............................................................................................................1
1.2 研究目的與內容........................................................................................................2
第二章 文獻回顧.............................................................................................................3
2.1 陶瓷............................................................................................................................3
2.1.1 古典陶瓷.................................................................................................................3
2.1.2 新陶瓷.....................................................................................................................4
2.2玻璃陶瓷及相關研究..................................................................................................5
2.2.1 玻璃陶瓷.................................................................................................................5
2.2.2 成分系統.................................................................................................................9
2.2.3 成核劑.....................................................................................................................9
2.2.4 製程.......................................................................................................................11
2.3 粉末燒結原理..........................................................................................................11
2.3.1 燒結過程...............................................................................................................12
2.3.2 影響燒結之因素...................................................................................................12
2.4 廢棄物製成微晶材料之相關研究..........................................................................14
2.4.1 玻璃質熔渣...........................................................................................................14
2.4.2 微晶材料...............................................................................................................15
2.5 製程微晶材料廢棄物種類......................................................................................15
2.5.1 都市焚化灰渣.......................................................................................................15
2.5.2 火力發電廠飛灰...................................................................................................16
2.5.3 污泥.......................................................................................................................16
2.5.4 廢棄玻璃...............................................................................................................17
2.6 熔融技術之相關研究..............................................................................................21
2.6.1 熔融之特色...........................................................................................................23
2.6.2 冷卻方式...............................................................................................................26
2.6.3 熔渣資源化...........................................................................................................27
2.6.4 成分、熔流點與鹽基度之關係.............................................................................28
2.7 氟化鈣污泥之相關研究..........................................................................................31
2.7.1 污泥來源...............................................................................................................31
2.7.2 氟化鈣污泥資源化方式.......................................................................................32
第三章 實驗材料、設備與方法.....................................................................................34
3.1 實驗材料與設備......................................................................................................34
3.1.1 實驗材料...............................................................................................................34
3.1.2 實驗設備...............................................................................................................35
3.2 分析儀器及實驗分析方法......................................................................................39
3.2.1 三成份分析...........................................................................................................39
3.2.2 試驗錐試驗...........................................................................................................40
3.2.3 化學成分分析.......................................................................................................40
3.2.4 毒性溶出試驗.......................................................................................................41
3.2.5 X光粉末繞射分析.................................................................................................42
3.2.6熱差分析.................................................................................................................43
3.3試驗流程與內容........................................................................................................43
3.4實驗設計....................................................................................................................46
3.4.1起始玻璃製備.........................................................................................................46
3.4.2玻璃陶瓷製備.........................................................................................................47
3.4.3 DTA升溫條件........................................................................................................48
第四章 結果與討論.......................................................................................................49
4.1 TFT-LCD玻璃/氟化鈣污泥基本性質分析..............................................................49
4.1.1氟化鈣污泥之三成分分析.....................................................................................49
4.1.2元素組成及重金屬分析.........................................................................................50
4.1.3毒性特性溶出試驗.................................................................................................54
4.1.4晶相分析及微觀分析.............................................................................................55
4.2成分與熔流溫度之探討............................................................................................59
4.2.1起始玻璃成分與熔流溫度之關係.........................................................................59
4.3廢棄物取代試藥級配比與鹽基度對熔流溫度下降之效果....................................60
4.4 DTA分析...................................................................................................................67
4.4.1起始玻璃與DTA之探討........................................................................................68
4.5 TFT-LCD廢玻璃/氟化鈣汙泥之玻璃陶瓷化探討..................................................69
4.5.1 XRD圖譜分析與討論...........................................................................................70
4.5.2 SEM觀察................................................................................................................76
4.6黏度試驗及其應用....................................................................................................81
4.6.1黏度與工作溫度之討論.........................................................................................84
第五章 結論與建議.......................................................................................................86
5.1 結論..........................................................................................................................86
5.2 建議..........................................................................................................................87
第六章 參考文獻...........................................................................................................88

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