臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本篇論文以榮格學派心理分析為基礎，探究《向達倫大冒險》系列中之男性啟蒙議題。《向達倫大冒險》系列為英國暢銷兒童文學作家達倫．歐沙納希所作之吸血鬼小說系列，內容描述一名普通的小男孩從人類轉變成為吸血鬼的冒險故事，而在故事主人翁向達倫每一段的冒險旅程中，皆有不同啟蒙主題展現出來。
首章序論先就吸血鬼之起源、吸血鬼文學之演變、作者背景及此故事內容做一簡單介紹。《向達倫大冒險》系列為一系列帶有奇幻色彩的吸血鬼小說，儘管這類型文學作品時常被批評為不具有文學價值，然而就心理學的觀點，其中的黑暗及奇幻元素卻有助於人類對於深層心靈的了解。第二章將以傳統啟蒙儀式為出發點，探討《向達倫大冒險》系列中的死亡及動物意象，及其與人類心靈和男性啟蒙之間的關聯。第三章將透過作者所描繪的吸血鬼世界來探討集體啟蒙對於男性個體之正負面影響，以及作者是如何將榮格個體化理論之精神表現在故事之中，暗示著啟蒙不單只是外在啟蒙儀式的參與，也包含了個人內在心靈的成長。第四章討論啟蒙導師的種種面相，以及在啟蒙過程中啟蒙導師與被啟蒙者之間的關係與吸血鬼關係之相似狀態。隨後，藉由與十九、二十世紀之吸血鬼小說經典情節之比較，研究作者在此系列作品中之革新和其背後所隱藏之恐同性戀情結。第五章結論重述作者透過吸血鬼獨特之角色特質，在此青少年文學作品中呈現出啟蒙的多種樣貌與主題，使《向達倫大冒險》系列不僅是一個普通的吸血鬼故事而已。

This thesis attempts to use Jungian psychoanalysis as the foundation, along with anthropological or sociological studies of traditional rites of passages, to investigate the initiation motif in The Saga of Darren Shan. The Saga of Darren Shan is a series of teenage vampire fiction written by English writer Darren O’Shaughnessy. It is a story about an ordinary school boy’s transformation into a half-vampire. In different stages of the protagonist Darren Shan’s adventure journey, O’Shaughnessy uses the vampire legend as the central theme adding fantastic elements to elaborate initiatory themes.
The first chapter gives an introduction to the vampire legend, vampire literature, the author’s background, and the story. The Saga of Darren Shan is a mingling of vampire fiction and fantasy. Although the dark and fantastic elements in the series may be regarded by some reviewers as having low literary value or status, these elements, from the psychological perspective, indeed can provide a deeper understanding of the human psyche. Chapter Two focuses on some important symbols which echo traditional rites of passage so as to discuss how O’Shaughnessy shows readers the significance of the symbol of death and the symbol of the animal in initiation and their relationships to the human psyche and male initiation. Chapter Three goes further into the psychological aspect of initiation by illustrating how the Jungian individuation is developed in the middle and late part of the Darren Shan story. Through the characterization of the masculine vampires, O’Shaughnessy makes the vampire’s society a microcosm of male society and shows readers the positive and negative influence of male’s collective initiation on the individual to remind modern readers that initiation doesn’t merely involve the fulfillment of the outer formalities of initiation. It is also important for both the initiate and the group to pay attention to the inner development of the individual. Chapter Four focuses on the role of the male mentor and indicates the similarity between the vampire relationships and male relationships in initiation. By using some classic plots of the nineteenth and twentieth century vampire fiction as comparison, I try to point out O’Shaughnessy’s revisions of the vampire conventions in this series in order to reveal the hidden homophobic emotion within. In the last chapter, I give the conclusion that O’Shaughnessy takes the vampire myth as the central course to elaborate various aspects of the initiation motif which makes The Saga of Darren Shan not merely a common vampire story but also an initiatory story providing young readers an opportunity to mediate their initiation and, further, to elevate themselves to higher modes of being.

Chinese Abstract i
English Abstract iii
Acknowledgements v

Chapter I: Introduction 1
The Vampire and Vampire Literature 1
Darren O’Shaughnessy and The Saga of Darren Shan 7
Overview of the Text 9
Theoretical Approach 10

Chapter II: Symbols of Initiation in The Saga of Darren Shan 17
Initiatory Death 19
Mastering the Inner Animal 30

Chapter III: Collective Initiation and Personal Individuation 44
Entering the Male Group 46
Femininity in Masculine Initiation 56
Individuation 62

Chapter IV: The Male Mentor 75
Images of the Male Mentor 75
Vampire, Male Mentor, and Male Relationships 82

Chapter V: Conclusion 95

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