臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

「決策」對個體來說是一個非常普遍的行為，它關係到事情的發展與任務的遂行。就軍事體系而言，在平時，領導者的決策良窳僅影響到軍事組織的效能；但在戰時，領導者所做決策的影響性，卻可能危及國家安全與發展。若能在複雜的決策過程中，找出影響決策者做決策的主要因子，應對各級幹部如何在壓力情境下做出最正確的決策有所助益。據此，本研究的目的有三：1、探討戰場壓力對領導幹部作決策的影響性；2、探討人格堅忍度在戰場壓力與領導幹部作決策關係間的調節作用；3、探討決策風格在戰場壓力與領導幹部作決策關係間的調節作用。本研究區分為預備性研究與正式研究兩部份，預備性研究的目的在於營造戰時仿真環境，藉由戰場圖像、聲響呈現，誘發受試者之戰場壓力感受。正式實驗部份，以121位陸、海、空、聯勤、後備、憲兵上尉及少校政戰軍官作為有效樣本，使用戰場壓力圖像短片、軍官行為問卷、陸軍營級戰術想定等研究工具，以實驗法探討戰場壓力對領導幹部做決策的影響性，以及決策風格、人格堅忍度在戰場壓力與領導幹部做決策關係間的調節作用。得到結果如下：1、戰場壓力會影響領導幹部所做之戰術決策；2、決策風格在戰場壓力與領導幹部做決策關係間沒有調節效果；3.人格堅忍度在戰場壓力與領導幹部做決策關係間具有調節效果。

“Making Strategy” is a very common behavior for an individual and could affect the developments and outcomes of events and missions. For the Military, during regular time, a strategy made by a leader only influences the efficiency of a unit; however, during war time, it might jeopardize a national safety. Thus, it is important to find out any main factor which might influence a leader’s decision-making. Therefore, there are three goals of this study: 1. to understand the influence of a leader’s decision-making under combat stress situations; 2. to know whether hardiness would moderate the relationship between combat stress and a leader’s decision-making; 3. to know whether a leader’s decision- making style would moderate the relationship between combat stress and leader’s decision-making.
The whole research included 2 pilot studies and a formal experiment. Aims of the pilot studies were to create a virtual wartime situation by using battlefield photos and sounds to induce subjects’ stress perception under battlefield. Subjects were 121 officers from the Army, Navy, air-force, Combined logistics, Military police and their rank were either lieutenants or majors. Instruments were a short film of combat stress photos, an officers’ behavior questionnaire, and an army battalion tactical illation. Results showed that: 1. combat stress could affect a leader’s decision-making; 2. an officer’s decision- making style did not have any moderating effect on the relationship between combat stress and a leader’s decision-making; 3. hardiness moderated the relationship between combat stress and a leader’s decision-making. The researcher also proposed some suggestions for future study.

目 次
摘 要…………………………………………………………………………… I
致 謝…………………………………………………………………………… III
目 次…………………………………………………………………………… IV
表目錄…………………………………………………………………………… VI
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………………… VII
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………… 1
第一節 前言……………………………………………………………… 1
第二節 研究動機與目的………………………………………………… 2
第三節 名詞釋義………………………………………………………… 5
第二章 文獻探討……………………………………………………… 7
第一節 戰場壓力的意義及其相關研究……………………………… 7
第二節 決策的意義及其相關理論…………………………………… 17
第三節 決策風格的意義及其相關研究……………………………… 22
第四節 人格堅忍度的意義及其相關研究…………………………… 28
第五節 戰場壓力、決策風格、人格堅忍度及決策間的關係………… 33
第三章 預備性研究…………………………………………………… 38
第一節 戰場壓力情境設計 …………………………………………… 39
第二節 戰場壓力情境預試及分析 …………………………………… 42
第三節 簡易戰術決策想定 …………………………………………… 54
第四章 正式實驗……………………………………………………… 58
第一節 研究方法……………………………………………………… 58
第二節 研究結果……………………………………………………… 69
第五章 綜合討論……………………………………………………… 81
第一節 研究結果綜整…………………………………………… 81
第二節 綜合討論……………………………………………………… 84
第三節 研究限制……………………………………………………… 87
第四節 未來研究建議………………………………………………… 89
第五節 政策上的建議………………………………………………… 91
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………… 94
附錄一：軍官行為問卷…………………………………………………………… 105
附錄二：戰場情境檢核表Ⅰ……………………………………………………… 110
附錄三：戰場情境檢核表Ⅱ－1………………………………………………… 111
附錄四：戰場情境檢核表Ⅱ－2………………………………………………… 113
附錄五：戰場情境檢核表Ⅲ……………………………………………………… 115
附錄六：受試者同意書…………………………………………………………… 116
附錄七：特別狀況………………………………………………………………… 117
附錄八之一：承諾效標題………………………………………………………… 119
附錄八之二：控制效標題………………………………………………………… 121
附錄八之三：挑戰效標題………………………………………………………… 123

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