吸菸是健康最大的殺手也是致病與致死的主因，流行病學的研究 指出：所有精神科病患的吸菸比率遠高於一般族群，而精神分裂症的個案，吸菸率更高達8成。本研究目的主要是了解長期住院之慢性精神分裂症患者其吸菸狀況及探討長期住院之慢性精神分裂症患者吸菸需求相關因素。
本研究採立意取樣屬橫斷性之研究，研究對象為南投縣某精神療養醫院慢性病房的精神分裂症患者，共收案431名患者。採用之研究工具為自擬式問卷，其問卷內容是參考國內外相關文獻後，設計而成之問卷，使用自擬式問卷發給慢性精神分裂症患者自行填答及訪談以收集料。主要包括人口學資料、住院因素、社會因素、吸菸狀況、吸菸需求等五部分。運用SPSS12.0統計軟體，進行統計分析。
本研究結果發現影響精神病患目前想吸菸的相關變數包括：家人贊成、非常贊成吸菸及不因醫院及病房禁菸而停止抽菸者、會因戒斷症狀而再吸菸者、最近未戒菸(戒0年)者、吸菸多年者、高度尼古丁成癮者，而且均達統計上之顯著水準。本研究提供相關單位推動精神病患的菸害防制計劃，及日後健康促進介入計劃之參考。

Smoking is a healthy killer and a main reason causes a disease and death. The research of epidemiology reveal that the psychiatric patients is higher than the general groups in the rate of smoking of all patients, and the smoking rate is up to more eighty-percent in the schizophrenia. This purpose of research is to understand smoke state and to explore the factor of smoke demand in the chronic schizophrenia for a long-time in hospital.
This research applied the cross-sectional survey method and the research object is 431 chronic schizophrenia patients in the Psychiatric hospital of Nantou County. Data were collected by a self-administered structured questionnaire. The influencing variables of questionnaire includes: demographics, social factor, the state of smoking, demand of smoking in hospital, etc. Data analyzed by using SPSS 12.0 statistical program.
This study results shows that the family approval and
extremely approved, to stop smoking not because of banning on smoking in the hospital and ward, to repeat smoking because of addition symptom, not to abstains the tobacco recently, to smoke for many years and to the heavily smoking-addition recently possible want to smoke is relatively high. This investigation offers to related organizations in preventing smoking.
Key word：schizophrenia、Smoking demand、nicotine dependence、
Withdrawal symptoms

誌謝-Ⅰ
中文摘要-Ⅱ
英文摘要-Ⅲ
目錄-Ⅳ
表目錄-Ⅴ
圖目錄-Ⅵ
第一章 緒論-1
第一節 研究背景與動機-1
第二節 研究目的-4
第二章 文獻探討-5
第一節 精神分裂症之概念-5
第二節 菸品之健康危害-9
第三節 影響吸菸行為之相關因素-11
第四節 吸菸與精神分裂症-16
第五節 尼古丁成癮度及尼古丁戒斷症狀-18
第三章 研究方法-21
第一節 研究架構與研究假設-21
第二節 研究設計-23
第三節 研究對象-23
第四節 研究工具-24
第五節 研究變項-26
第六節 倫理考量-29
第七節 資料分析-30
第四章 研究結果-31
第一節 描述性統計-31
第二節 推論性統計-36
第五章 討論-44
第一節 長期住院之慢性精神分裂症患者其人口學資料與吸菸需求
之關係-44
第二節 長期住院之慢性精神分裂症患者其住院因素與吸菸需求
之關係-46
第三節 長期住院之慢性精神分裂症患者其社會因素與吸菸需求
之關係-47
第四節 長期住院之慢性精神分裂症患者其吸菸狀況與吸菸需求
之關係-47
第六章 結論與建議
第一節 結論-49
第二節 建議-50
參考文獻-52
中文參考文獻-52
英文參考文獻-55

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