臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著版圖的擴大，和周邊鄰國建立起良好關係越來越重要，自1995年「巴塞隆納宣言」（Barcelona Declaration）開始，歐洲聯盟與南邊的地中海國家發展夥伴關係，以兩階段的MEDA計畫援助政治、經濟和文化的改革和發展。為了防止2004年擴大到25國之後，鄰國與會員國的生活水平差距過大，2003年歐盟執委會提出「歐洲安全戰略」（European Security Strategy），藉由幫助東邊中東地區與南岸地中海地區國家的發展，提昇歐盟的安全、穩定、繁榮，並在「更寬廣的歐洲」（Wider Europe）一文中架構出「歐洲睦鄰政策」（European Neighbourhood Policy, ENP）的概念，以「聯合協定」（Association Agreement）或合作夥伴協定（Partnership and Co-operation Agreement, PCA）為基礎，經由「國家報告」（Country Report）的評估，再依照各國的國內情形量身訂作符合雙方利益的「行動計畫」（Action Plan）。

摩洛哥為距離歐盟最近的北非地中海國家，長期以來和歐盟南岸會員國－法國、西班牙、德國和義大利等國保持良好的互動關係，尤其是經濟貿易往來、共同打擊恐怖份子、非法移民的管理皆有不錯的成果，摩洛哥對政策的接納程度更關係著所有計畫的施行成效，然而國王的權力集中、官僚體系運作和境內伊斯蘭份子的反彈是睦鄰政策的主要障礙，最後針對政策的涵蓋範圍、制度、機構作出改革建議，政策的形成是否對雙方帶來好處，並嘗試以新自由制度主義（Neo-Liberal Institutionalism）的觀點評估歐洲睦鄰政策的運作與發展遠景，以及未來成立「地中海聯盟」（Union for the Mediterranean）所要努力的目標與方向。

With several enlargements of European Union, they realize the importance of building harmonious relations with neighborhood countries. Since the Barcelona Declaration, European Union has developed partnership with the southern Mediterranean countries in two steps of MEDA Programme to support their reforms and developments of politic, economy and culture. To prevent the emergence of new dividing lines between the enlarged Union and its neighbors after 2004, European Commission proposed “European Security Strategy” to advance the EU’s security, stability and prosperity of the Middle East and southern Mediterranean area. The Commission also provides a framework for “European Neighborhood Policy”, which was based on the “Association Agreement” or “Partnership and Co-operation Agreement”, and drafted “Action Plan” according to their individual situation.

Morocco is European Union’s nearest country in North Africa. It maintains good relationship with France, Spain, Germany and Italy, the EU southern members, especially in trade, fight terrorism and manage illegal immigration. However, the centralization of kingship, the bureaucracy, and the objection from Islamic community are the main obstacles on the implement to European Union’s Neighborhood Policy. Finally, some suggestions will be given in this thesis. According to the policy itself, the regime and institutions to adjust it. Analyzing the thesis with the approach of Neo-Liberal Institutionalism to evaluate not only the implementation and the future vision of European Union’s Neighborhood Policy, also the future efforts and direction for the forming of the Union for the Mediterranean.

目次

目次…………………………………………………………………………………….I
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………………..III
表目錄………………………………………………………………………………..III


第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………1
第一節 研究動機與研究目的……………………………………………………1
第二節 研究途徑與研究方法……………………………………………………5
第三節 研究範圍與研究架構…………………………………………………..10
第四節 資料來源與研究限制…………………………………………………..11

第二章 歐洲聯盟對南地中海國家政策之基礎……………………..15
第一節 歐洲聯盟地中海政策…………………………………………………..15
一、源起及制訂過程…………………………………………………………..15
二、內容………………………………………………………………………..17
第二節 歐洲聯盟睦鄰政策……………………………………………………..21
一、源起及制訂過程…………………………………………………………..21
二、內容………………………………………………………………………..23
第三節 歐盟制訂兩項基本政策之因素………………………………………..46
一、內在因素…………………………………………………………………..46
二、外在因素………………………………………………………………..…47

第三章 歐洲聯盟對摩洛哥政策之內容及決策過程………………..51
第一節 政策內容………………………………………………………………..51
第二節 決策過程………………………………………………………………..57
第三節 影響決策之因素………………………………………………………..67
一、內在因素…………………………………………………………………..68
二、外在因素…………………………………………………………………..78

第四章 摩洛哥對歐盟政策之回應…………………………………..85
第一節 摩洛哥對歐盟之政策目標與政策內涵………………………………..85
一、 政策目標…………………………………………………………………..85
二、 政策內涵…………………………………………………………………..86
第二節 摩洛哥對地中海地區政策之回應……………………………………..87
一、1995年之前全球地中海政策時期…………………………………….….87
二、1995年至2003年巴塞隆納進程期間……………………………………90
三、2003年睦鄰政策至目前…………………………………………………..91

第五章 歐盟對摩洛哥政策之執行及限制…………………………..93
第一節 執行過程………………………………………………………………..93
第二節 政策執行過程所遭遇的限制…………………………………………101

第六章 歐盟對摩洛哥政策之成效及其影響………………………105
第一節 影響政策成效之因素…………………………………………………105
一、內在因素………………………………………………………………….105
二、外在因素….………………………………………………………………108
第二節 歐盟對摩洛哥政策之成效……………………………………………109
第三節 歐盟對摩洛哥政策成效之影響………………………………………116

第七章 歐盟對摩洛哥政策之評估及展望…………………………121
第一節 政策評估……………………………………….…….………………..121
一、歐盟睦鄰政策及地中海政策之評估……………………………………121
二、歐盟對摩洛哥政策之評估…………………………………………….....124
第二節 理論評估………………………………………………………………128
一、歐盟與夥伴國的典則建立……………………………………………….129
二、歐盟與夥伴國的互動…………………………………………………….130
三、政策影響國家行為……………………………………………………….130
四、典則的持續發展………………………………………………………….131
第三節 展望……………………………………………………………………132

第八章 結論…………………………………………………………137
參考文獻………………………………………………………………143
圖目錄

圖1-1 歐洲聯盟27個會員國與16個夥伴國................................................................2
圖1-2 本文研究架構圖……………………………………………………………13
圖2-1 歐盟地中海夥伴關係之基本架構…………………………………………15
圖3-1 多邊面向：歐盟地中海組織架構………………..………………………..59
圖3-2 雙邊面向：歐盟地中海聯繫協定之決策過程……………………………63
圖3-3 單邊面向：歐盟MEDA計畫之決策過程…………………………………65
圖3-4 睦鄰政策架構......................................................................................................67
圖5-6 1978年至2007年歐洲投資銀行對摩洛哥之投資款項分配比例..............101






表目錄

表2-1 歐盟與睦鄰政策夥伴國簽訂聯合協定與行動計畫的情形..........................22
表2-2 睦鄰政策發展重要文件……………………………………………………23
表2-3 MEDA計畫援助國家與金額……..………………………………………..34
表5-1 歐盟於MEDA計畫中「預算分配」給摩洛哥的金額.................................94
表5-2 歐盟於MEDA計畫中「實際支付」給摩洛哥的金額………………………95
表5-3 2002年至2004年三年期國家計畫主要施行項目與預算金額....................96
表5-4 歐洲睦鄰夥伴工具（ENPI）2007年－2010年給予摩洛哥之補助............98
表5-5 歐洲投資銀行於四項財政議定書給予摩洛哥之援助金額..........................99
表6-1 歐盟會員國對摩洛哥的優先補助項目.........................................................107

一、中文部分

書籍：
周世雄（2000），國際關係：權力與制度，台北：五南。
施正鋒（2004），歐盟的深化與廣化，台北：前衛。
陳 勁（1999），歐洲聯盟之整合與體制運作，台北：五南。
陳 勁（2002），歐盟外交政策與對外關係，台北：五南。
陳義彥主編（2007），政治學，台北：五南。
陳添枝主編（2007），自由貿易區與國際政治經濟，台北：遠景基金會。
張亞中主編（2003），國際關係總論，台北：揚智。
張亞中（2001），歐洲統合：政府間主義與超國家主義的互動，台北：揚智。
張福昌（2002），邁向歐洲聯盟之路，台北：三民。
張慶勳（2003），論文寫作手冊，台北：心理。
郭秋慶（1999），歐洲聯盟概論，台北：五南。
郭秋慶（2006），歐洲國家的外交與安全政策，台北：台灣國際研究學會。
蔡政文（1997），當前國際關係理論發展及其評估，台北：三民。
Goldstein, Joshua S. ＆ Pevehouse, Jon C. 著，歐信宏、胡祖慶譯（2007），國際關係，台北：雙葉。
Rourke John T. ＆ Boyer Mark A. 著，張明貴、賴明芝譯（2005），世界政治，台北：風雲論壇。

期刊：
朱景鵬（2003），「歐洲聯盟發展合作政策之研究：以地中海夥伴關係建構為例」，
遠景基金會季刊，第四卷，第四期。
卓忠宏（2004），「歐盟地中海政策」，問題與研究，第四十三卷，第四期。
鄭端耀（1997），「國際關係『新自由制度主義』理論之評析」，問題與研究，第三
十六卷，第十二期。
盧業中（2001），「主要國際關係理論中新現實主義、新自由制度主義與建構主義之比較研究」，中山人文社會科學期刊，第九卷，第二期。
盧業中（2002），「論國際關係理論之新自由制度主義」，問題與研究，第四十一卷，第二期。
二、外文部分

Books：
Baldwin, David（1993）. Neorealism and Neoliberalism：The Contemporary Debate, New York：Cambridge University Press.
Barbé, Esther ＆ Herranz, Anna eds.（2007）. Política Exterior y Parlamento Europeo ：Hacia el equilibrio entre eficacia y denocracia. Barcelona：Oficina del Parlamento Europeo en Barcelona.
Dannreuther, Roland（2004）. European Union foreign and security policy： towards a neighbourhood strategy, London：Routledge.
Dessus, Sébastien ＆ Suwa, Akiko（2000）. Regional Integration and Internal Reforms in the Mediterranean Area, OECD.
Elgström, Ole ＆ Smith, Michael（2006）. The European Union’s Roles in International Politics：concepts and analysis. Abingdon, Oxon：Routledge.
Emerson, Michael ＆ Youngs, Richard eds.（2007）. Political Islam and European Foreign Policy Perspectives from Muslim Democrats of the Mediterranean. Brussels：Centre for European Policy Studies.
Fernández, Haizam Amirah ＆ Youngs, Richard（2005）. The Euro-Mediterranean Partnership：Assessing the First Decade. Madrid：Quinteral Servicios Gráfico. Available from http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/publicaciones/libros/Barcelona10_eng.pdf
Gillespie, Richard ＆ Youngs, Richard（2002）. The European Union and Democracy Promotion：The Case of North Africa. Portland, Or.：Frank Cass Publishers.
Gilpin, Robert（1981）. War and Change in International Relations, Cambridge：Cambridge University Press.
Keohane, Robert O.（1984）. After Hegemony：Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy. Princeton, New Jersey：Princeton University.
Keohane, Robert O.（1986）. Neorealism and Its Critics. New York：Columbia University Press.
Keohane, Robert O.（1989）. International Institutions and State Power：Essays in International Relations Theory. London：Westview Press.
Keohane, Robert O. ＆ Hoffmann, Stanley（1991）. The New European Community：decisionmaking and institutional change. Boulder, Colorado：Westview Press.
Krasner, Stephan D.（1988）. International Regime. Ithaca：Cornell.
Maresceau Marc ＆ Lannon, Erwan.（2001）. The EU’s enlargement and Mediterranean strategies：a comparative analysis. New York：St. Martin’s Press.
Waltz, Kenneth N.（1979）. Theory of International Politics. Reading, Mass.：Addison-Wesley.
Xuereb, Peter G.. eds.（2004）. The European Union and the Mediterranean：The Mediterranean’s European Challenge Volume V. University of Malta（EDRC）：Media centre print, p. 36. Available from http://www.lib.tku.edu.tw/eudoc/EDRC/edrc2004/contents.html
Zielonka, Jan eds.（1998）. Paradoxes of European Foreign Policy. Great Britain：Kluwer Law International.

Articles in Books：
Ammor, Fouad M.（2005）. “Morocco’s Perspectives towards the EMP.” in Fernández, Haizam Amirah ＆ Youngs, Richard eds., The Euro-Mediterranean Partnership：Assessing the First Decade. Madrid：Quinteral Servicios Gráfico.
Barbé, Esther（1998）. “Balancing Europe’s Eastern and Southern Dimensions.” in Zielonka, Jan eds., Paradoxes of European Foreign Policy. Great Britain：Kluwer Law International, pp. 117-129.
Dannreuther, Roland（2004）. “Towards a neighbourhood strategy？”in Dannreuther, Roland, European Union foreign and security policy： towards a neighbourhood strategy, London：Routledge, pp. 202-218.
García, Bernabé López ＆ De Larramendi, Miguel Hernando（2002）. “Spain and North Africa：Towards a ‘Dynamic Stability’,” in Gillespie, Richard ＆ Youngs, Richard eds., The European Union and Democracy Promotion：The Case of North Africa. Portland, Or.：Frank Cass Publishers, pp. 170-191.
Gault, John（2006）. “EU energy security and the periphery,” in Dannreuther, Roland, European Union foreign and security policy： towards a neighbourhood strategy, London：Routledge, pp. 170-185.
Haddadi, Said（2002）. “Two Cheers for Whom？The European Union and Democratization in Morocco,” in Gillespie, Richard ＆ Youngs, Richard eds., The European Union and Democracy Promotion：The Case of North Africa. Portland, Or.：Frank Cass Publishers, pp. 149-169.
Holden, Patrick（2003）. “Strategic Intervention or Showcase？ EU Aid（MEDA）as a Force for Change in Morocco.” in in Xuereb, Peter G.. eds., The European Union and the Mediterranean：The Mediterranean’s European Challenge Volume V. University of Malta（EDRC）：Media centre print, pp. 541-568.
Jünemann, Annette（2002）. “From the Bottom to the Top：Civil Society and Transnational Non-Governmental Organizations in the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership,”in Gillespie, Richard ＆ Youngs, Richard eds., The European Union and Democracy Promotion：The Case of North Africa. Portland, Or.：Frank Cass Publishers, pp. 87-105.
Jerch, Martin（2004）. “Reforming Mediterranean and Middle Eastern Countries：Wider Europe, Greater Middle Esat or the Alexandria Statement？A Critical Assessment,”in Dannreuther, Roland, in Xuereb, Peter G.. eds., The European Union and the Mediterranean：The Mediterranean’s European Challenge Volume V. University of Malta（EDRC）：Media centre print, pp. 149-174.
Kupchan, Charles A.（1998）. “ From European Union to Atlantic Union,” in Zielonka, Jan eds., Paradoxes of European Foreign Policy. Great Britain：Kluwer Law International, pp. 147-163.
Panebianco, Stefania（2006）. “The constraints on EU action as a ‘norm exporter’in the Mediterranean,”in Elgström, Ole and Smith, Michael, The European Union’s Roles in International Politic：concepts and analysis. Abingdon, Oxon：Routledge, pp. 136-154.
Tanner, Fred（2004）. “ North Africa：Partnership, exceptionalism and neglect,” in Dannreuther, Roland, European Union foreign and security policy： towards a neighbourhood strategy, London：Routledge, pp. 135-149.
Wohlforth, William C.（2004）. “The transatlantic dimension, “in Dannreuther, Roland, European Union foreign and security policy： towards a neighbourhood strategy, London：Routledge, pp. 186-201.

Periodicals：
Aliboni, Roberto（2005）. “ The Geopolitical Implications of the European Neigubourhood Policy.” European Foreign Affairs Review, vol. 10, pp. 1-16.
Allen, David ＆ Smith, Michael（2005）. “External Policy Developments.” Journal of Common Market Studies, vol. 43, pp. 109-126.
Asmus, Ronald D. ＆ Diamond, Larry ＆ Leonard, Mark ＆ McFaul, Michael（Spring, 2005）. “A Transatlantic Strategy to Promote Democratic Development in the Broader Middle East.” The Washington Quarterly, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 7-21.
Attinà, Fulvio（2003）. “The Euro-Mediterranean Partnership Assessed：The Realist and Liberal Views.” European Foreign Affairs Review, vol. 8, pp. 181-199.
Caporaso, James A.（Summer, 1992）. “International Relations Theory and Multilateralism：The Search for Foundations.”International Organization, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 599-632.
Cherkaoui, Mouna ＆ Ali, Driss Ben（July, 2006）.“The political economy of growth in Morocco.” The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, vol. 46, pp. 741-761.
Crombois, Jean F.（July, 2005）. “The US-Morocco Free Trade Agreement.” Mediterranean Politics, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 219-223.
Dannreuther, Roland（2006）. “Developing the Alternative to Enlargement：The European Neighbourhood Policy.” European Foreign Affairs Review, vol. 11, pp. 183-201.
Gause, F. Gregory（Sep/Oct 2005）. “Can Democracy Stop Terrorism？”Foreign Affairs, vol. 84, no. 5, pp. 62-69.
Geradin, Damien ＆ Petit, Nicolas（2003）. “Competition Policy and the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership.” European Foreign Affairs Review, vol. 8, pp. 153-180.
Gillespie, Richard（July, 2006）. “Onward but not Upward：The Barcelona Conference of 2005.” Mediterranean Politics, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 271-278.
Johansson-Nogués, Elisabeth（Summer, 2004） “A ‘Ring of Friends’？The Implications of the European Neighbourhood Policy for the Mediterranean.” Mediterranean Politics, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 240-247.
Kelly, Judith（2006）. “New Wine in Old Wineskins：Promoting Political Reforms through the New European Neighbourhood Policy.” Journal of Common Market Studies, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 29-55.
Keohane, Robert O.（1986）.“Reciprocity in International Relations.” International Organization, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 1-27.
Keohane, Robert O.（December, 1988）. “International Institutions：Two Approaches.” International Studies Quarterly, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 379-396.
Keohane, Robert O. ＆ Nye, Joseph S.（1998）.“Power and Interdependence in the Information Age.”Foreign Affairs, vol.77, no. 5, pp.81-94.
Kopstein, Jeffery（Spring, 2006）. “The Transatlantic Divide over Democracy Promotion.” The Washington Quarterly, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 85-98.
Krasner, Stephen D.（Spring, 1982）. “Structural Causes and Regime Consequences：Regimes as Intervening Variables.” International Regimes, vol. 36, no. 2, pp.185-205.
Lavenex, Sandra（August, 2004）. “EU external governance in ‘wider Europe’.” Journal of European Public Policy, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 680-700.
Maghraoui, Abdeslam M.（January, 2001）. “Monarchy and Political Reform in Morocco.” Journal of Democracy, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 73-86.
Martín, Iván（November, 2006）. “Morocco Wakes up to Human Development.” Mediterranean Politics, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 433-439.
Martin, Lisa L. ＆ Simmons Beth A.（Autumn, 1998）. “Theories and Empirical Studies of International Institutions.” International Organization, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 729-757.
Miller, Rory ＆ Mishrif, Ashraf.（2005）.“The Barcelona Process and Euro-Arab Economic Relations：1995-2005.”The Middle East Review of International Affairs, vol. 9, no. 2.
Musu, Costanza（November, 2006）. “NATO’s Mediterranean Dialogue：More than Just an Empty Shell？” Mediterranean Politics, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 419-424.
Pace, Michelle（Summer, 2004）. “The Euro-Mediterranean Partnership and the Common Mediterranean Strategy？ European Union Policy from a Discursive Perspective.” Geopolitics, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 292-309.
Schumacher, Tobias（2004）. “Riding on the Winds of Change：The Future of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership.” The International Spectator, vol. 2, pp89-102.
Senyücel, Sabiha and Güner, Sanem and Faath, Sigrid and Mattes, Hanspeter. Factors and Perceptions Influencing the Implementation of the European Neighbourhood.
Smith, Karen E.（2005）. “The outsiders：the European neighbourhood policy.” International Affairs , vol. 4, no. 81, pp. 757-773.
Smith, Michael E.（2004）. “Institutionalization, Policy Adaptation and European Foreign Policy Cooperation.” European Journal of International Relations, vol.10, no. 95, pp. 95-136.
Triandafyllidou, Anna（March, 2007）. “Mediterranean Migrations：Problems and Prospects for Greece and Italy in the Twenty-first Century.” Mediterranean Politics, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 77-84.
Zapata-Barrero, Ricard ＆De Witte, Nynke（March, 2007）. “The Spanish Governance of EU borders：Normative Questions.” Mediterranean Politics, vol. 12, no. 1, pp.85-90.
Zemni, Sami（July, 2006）. “Islam between Jihadi Threats and Islamist Insecuritied？Evidence from Belgium and Morocco.” Mediterranean Politics, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 231-253.

Unpublished Master’s Thesis：
Egbe, Daniel Enonnchong（2000）. The Global Mediterranean Policy：The Evolution of the EU-Mediterranean Countries Relations During 1976-1998, Unpublished master’s thesis, University of Missouri, Columbia.

Working Papers：
Aliboni, Roberto（2004）.”Common Languages on Democracy in the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership.”EuroMeSCo paper.
Aliboni, Roberto ＆ Qatarneh, Yasar（September, 2005）. “The future of the EMP in a changing context of transatlantic and regional relations.” EuroMeSCo papers, no. 46.
Amghar, Samir（June, 2007）. “Political Islam in Morocco.” Centre for European Policy Studies. CEPS Working Document, no. 269.
Baracani, Elena（June, 2005）. “From the EMP to the ENP：A new European pressure for democratization？The case of Morocco.” The Centre for the Study of European Politics and Society .
Boubekeur, Amel ＆ Amghar, Samir（October, 2006）. “Islamist Parties in the Maghreb and their Links with the EU：Mutual Influence and the Dynamics of Democratisation.” EuroMeSCo papers, no. 55.
Byrne, Iain and Shamas, Charles and Schade, Marc O.（eds.）（September, 2002）.“The Human Rights Implications of the MEDA Programmes.”Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Network（EMHR）.
Cavatorta, Francesco ＆ Chari, Raj ＆ Kritzinger, Sylvia（June, 2006）. “The European Union and Morocco. Security through authoritarianism. ” Institute for Advanced Studies, Vienna, Political Science Series, no. 110.
Chammari, Khémais and Stainier Caroline（September, 2000）.“Guide to Human Rights in the Barcelona Process. Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Network（EMHR）.
De Brito, Alexandra Barahona（October, 2006）. “Political Liberalisation and Transition to Democracy：Lessons from the Mediterranean and Beyond：Morocco, Turkey, Spain and Portugal.” EuroMeSCo papers, no. 58.
Emerson, Michael（September, 2003）. “The Shaping of a Policy Framework for the Wider Europe.”CEPS Policy Brief, no. 39.
Emerson, Michael（March, 2008）. “Making sense of Sarkozy’s Union for the Mediterranean.” CEPS Policy Brief, no. 155.
Emerson, Michael ＆ Aydin, Senem（eds.）（July, 2005）. “The Reluctant Debutante：The European Union as Promoter of Democracy in its Neighbourhood.” CEPS Working Document, no. 223.
Emerson, Michael ＆ Noutcheva, Gergana（March, 2005）.“From Barcelona Process to Neighbourhood Policy：Assessments and Open Issues.” CEPS Working Document, no. 220.
Emerson, Michael ＆ Noutcheva, Gergana（December, 2005）. “Economic Regimes for Export：Extending the EU’s Norms of Economic Governance into the Neighbourhood.” CEPS Working Document, no. 233.
Emerson, Michael ＆ Noutcheva, Gergana ＆ Popescu, Nicu（March, 2007）. “European Neighbourhood Policy Two Years on：Time indeed for an ‘ENP plus’.” CEPS Policy Brief, no. 126.
Emerson, Michael ＆ Tocci, Nathalie（June, 2007）. “A little clarification, please, on the ‘Union of the Mediterranean’.”CEPS Commentary.
Gillespie, Richard（April, 2005）. “Spain and Morocco：Towards a Reform Agenda？” FRIDE Working Paper, no. 6.
Grabbe, Heather（June, 2004）. “How the EU should help its neighbours.” Centre for European Reform Policy Brief.
Kaczynski, Piotr Maciej ＆ Kazmierkiewicz, Piotr（September, 2005）. “European Neighbourhood Policy：Differentiation and Political Benchmarks.” EuroMeSCo papers, no. 44.
Kausch, Kristina（2007）. “Morocco：whitewash and resignation.”FRIDE, Democratization programme.
Landaburu, Eneko（March, 2006）. “From Neighbourhood to Integration Policy：Are there concrete alternatives to enlargement？” CEPS Policy Brief, no. 95.
March, James G. ＆ Olsen, Johan P.（2005）. Elaborating the “New Institutionalism”, Working Paper, no. 11.
Naciri, Rabéa ＆ Nusair, Isis（2003）. The Integration of Women’s Rights into the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership：Women’s Rights in Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestine, Syria and Tunisia. Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Network（EMHR）.
Schmid, Dorothée（December, 2003）. “Interlinkages within the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership Linking Economic, Institutional and Political Reform：Conditionality within the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership.” EuroMeSCo papers, no. 27.
Senyücel, Sabiha ＆ Güner, Sanem（eds.）（2006）.“Factors and Perceptions Influencing the Implementation of the European Neighbourhood Policy in Selected Southern Mediterranean Partner Countries.”EuroMeSCo papers, no. 49.
Springborg, Robert（April, 2007）. “Political Islam and Europe Views from the Arab
Mediterranean States and Turkey.” CEPS Working Document, no. 264.
Tassinari, Fabrizio（July, 2005）. “Security and Integration in the EU Neighbourhood：The case for Regionalism.” CEPS Working Document, no. 226.
Tassinari, Fabrizio（June, 2007）. “Whole, free and integrated？A Transatlantic Perspective on the European Neighbourhood.” CEPS Working Document, no. 271.
Vahl, Marius（February 2005）. “Models for the European Neighbourhood Policy：The
European Economic Area and the Northern Dimension.” CEPS Working Document, no. 218.
Youngs, Richard（January, 2005）. “Ten Years of the Barcelona Process：A Model for Supporting Arab Reform？” FRIDE Working Paper, no. 2.
Wichmann, Nicole（October, 2007）. “The Intersection between Justice and Home Affairs and the European Neighbourhood Policy：Taking Stock of the Logic, Objectives and Practices.” CEPS Working Document, no. 275.

Official Documents：
Council of the European Union（November, 2005）. 10th Anniversary Euro-Mediterranean Summit ：Five Year Work Programme. 15074/05（Presse 327）.
European Commission（December, 2002）. External Relations Direcetorate General. “Country Profiles” EU-MAGHREB, Bilateral relations between the European Union and the three mediterranean partners of the Maghreb：Algeria- Morocco- Tunisia.
European Commission（2003）. Wider Europe－Neighbourhood：A New Framework for Relations with our Eastern and Southern Neighbours, COM（2003）104 final.
European Commission（2003）. Paving the way for a New Neighbourhood Instrument, COM（2003）393 final.
European Commission（2004）. European Neighbourhood Policy Strategy Paper, COM（2004）373 final.
European Commission（2004）. European Neighbourhood Policy Country Report：Morocco, SEC（2004）569.
European Commission（2004）. EU-Morocco Action Plan, COM（2004）788 final.
European Commission（2004）. On the Commission Proposals for Action Plan under the European Neighbourhood Policy（ENP）, COM（2004）795 final.
European Commission（2005）. Implementing and promoting the European Neighbourhood
Policy, SEC（2005）1521.
European Commission（2006）. On the general approach to enable ENP partner countries to participate in Community agencies and Community programmes, COM（2006）724 final.
European Commission（2006）. ENP Progress Report－Morocco, COM（2006）726 final.
European Commission（2006）. On Strengthening the European Neighbourhood Policy, COM（2006）726 fianl.
European Commission（2008）. Implementation of the European Neighbourhood Policy in 2007, COM（2008）164.
European Commission（2008）. Mise en oeuvre de la politique européenne de voisinage en 2007, Rapport de Suivi Maroc, SEC（2008）398.
European Commission. European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument：Cross-Border Cooperation, Strategy Paper 2007- 2013, Indicative Programme 2007- 2010.
European Commission. Euro-Med Partnership：Morocco ,National Indicative Programme 2005-2006.
European Commission. European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument：Morocco, 2007- 2010 National Indicative Programme.
European Commission. European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument：Morocco, Strategy Paper 2007- 2013.

三、網路資源
Afkar期刊 http://www.afkar-ideas.com/
EU Facts公民社會研究機構 http://www.civitas.org.uk/eufacts/index.php
EuroMeSCo http://www.euromesco.net/
Springer出版社 http://www.springer.com/
以色列中東國際事務研究 http://meria.idc.ac.il/
西班牙皇家艾爾卡諾機構 http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/portal
西班牙對外關係基金會 http://www.fride.org/
西班牙國際關係與發展研究中心 http://www.cidob.org/
和平論壇 http://www.peaceforum.org.tw/
淡江大學歐盟資訊中心 http://www.lib.tku.edu.tw/eudoc/libeu_ch.htm
奧斯陸大學歐洲研究中心http://www.arena.uio.no/
遠景基金會http://www.pf.org.tw/
摩洛哥政府 http://www.maroc.ma/
德國外交部 http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/
歐洲之聲 http://www.europeanvoice.com/
歐洲地中海研究機構 http://www.iemed.org/
歐洲政治與社會研究中心 http://hsf.bgu.ac.il/europe/
歐洲政策研究中心 http://www.ceps.be
歐洲專利辦公室http://www.epo.org/index.html
歐洲聯盟地中海人權組織 http://www.euromedrights.net/42
歐洲聯盟官方網站 http://ec.europa.eu
歐洲聯盟研究論壇 http://iir.nccu.edu.tw/eurf/index.asp
歐洲聯盟現況 http://www.euractiv.com
歐洲聯盟統計局 http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/
歐洲議會 http://www.theparliament.com/