生物合成之PHAs（Polyhydroxyalkanoates）具有與一般塑膠（尤其PE與PP）相近之物性，且可於環境中完全分解，但PHAs於實廠量產之程序上多採用純種培養，其生產成本甚高，故目前正積極探討混種培養生產PHAs之可行性。厭氧好氧活性污泥系統具有PHAs生成菌之混種培養選種功能，惟該污泥系統為一複雜之菌群結構，並同時含有相當量之非PHAs生成菌。因此本研究嘗試以乙酸為基質加強馴養厭氧好氧活性污泥系統之生物污泥，藉以降低複雜基質在厭氧段之發酵需求，進而提升系統中PHAs生成菌比例，再將其生物污泥於好氧態下進行一系列PHAs生產批次實驗。然此結果雖有高PHAs產量，但其PHAs結構仍以PHB為主。當以相同污泥，進行以丙酸為外部碳源之PHAs生產實驗時，雖可提升PHV組成比例，但PHAs產量甚低。因此本研究另嘗試以丙酸加強馴養之生物污泥，進行以丙酸為外部碳源之PHAs生產實驗，以期同時提高PHAs產量及PHV含量。
實驗結果發現以乙酸加強馴養之生物污泥，進行以乙酸為外部碳源之PHAs生產實驗時，短SRT (5天)操作所馴養之生物污泥，其PHAs產量較長SRT (15天)者為高。以相同污泥進行不同外部碳源之PHAs生產實驗時，不論外部碳源為乙酸或丙酸，兩者均在COD = 4000 mg/L時，PHAs含量為最高，且以乙酸為外部碳源之PHAs生產實驗所獲致之PHAs含量、生產率及基質轉換率，都較以丙酸為外部碳源時為高。此外，以乙酸為外部碳源生產之PHAs成分多以PHB為主，PHV含量甚低；而以丙酸為外部碳源之PHAs生產實驗時，其PHAs形式則為PHB、PHV及3H2MV，其中又以PHV居多，顯示丙酸為外部碳源，確能提升PHV含量，但整體PHAs產量(8%)則仍甚低。
為同時提升PHAs產量及PHV含量，故將厭氧好氧活性生物污泥系統之進流基質由乙酸轉為丙酸，並於基質適應期間取其生物污泥進行PHAs生產實驗，實驗結果發現須經長期馴養(兩倍SRT左右，約30天)，使其族群轉換，才可同時提升PHAs產量及PHV含量。然以丙酸加強馴養之生物污泥，進行以丙酸為外部碳源之PHAs生產實驗時，其最大PHAs含量(12%)、生產率(10.13 mg C/ g SS/h)及基質轉換率(0.15 C-mole/C-mole)仍較以乙酸加強馴養之生物污泥，進行以乙酸為外部碳源之PHAs生產實驗時為低(最大PHAs含量(41%)、生產率(32.58 mg C/ g SS/h)及基質轉換率(0.61 C-mole/C-mole))。

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are synthesized biopolymers that have typical properties similar to those of thermoplastics (such as PE and PP). PHAs can be complete biodegraded in environment. But the industrial processes of PHAs production are based on the use of pure cultures, and their production costs are high. Therefore, interests in the use of mixed cultures for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates has increased in the recent years. The anaerobic-aerobic mixed cultures process can select PHAs producting bacteria; however, this system is so complicated that it contains a great deal of non-PHAs producting bacteria. In this study, the acetate-fed A/O activated sludge system was constructed, which can reduce complicated fermention requirement in anaerobic period, and promote the proportion of PHAs producting bacteria. Then, sludge from the aerobic zone of the system was harvested to proceed aerobic batch experiments for PHAs production. Although this experimental result has demonstrated maximum PHAs content, the main structure of PHAs is still based on PHB. When feeding propionate to the same sludge to proceed batch experiments, proportion of PHV was raised, but PHAs content was low. Thus, this research attempted to use propionate to acclimate activated sludge, hoping to elevate PHAs content and PHV proportion at the same time.
The experimental results indicated that the PHAs production capability for activated sludge system with an short SRT(5 days) was better than that of the sludge with an long SRT(15 days), when using acetate-fed activated sludge and using acetate as carbon source for batch experiment of PHAs production. No matter the carbon source was acetate or propionate, the maximium PHAs content were obtained when the carbon source was COD = 4000 mg/L. The PHAs content, production rate and conversion ratio obtained with acetate were higher than the ones obtained with propionate. Furthermore, use of acetate as carbon source led to the production of PHB, and use of propionate as carbon source led to the production of PHB, PHV, 3H2MV and among them mostly PHV. This results showed that use of propionate as carbon source can improve PHV content, but that still have low PHAs content (8%).
Acetate fed to the A/O activated sludge system was changed to propionate in order to improve PHAs content and PHV proportion at the same time. This sludge in adapted period were utilized to perform batch experiment of PHAs production. Experimental results showed that PHAs producting bacteria need a long adaption time (about 30 days) to improve PHAs content and PHV proportion at the same time. When using propionate-fed activated sludge and using propionate as carbon source to proceed batch experiment for PHAs production, experimental results showed that the highest amount of PHAs content 12%, production rate 8.3 mg C/g SS/h and conversion ratio 0.20 C-mole/C-mole. These production properties were lower than the ones obtained with activated sludge fed with acetate (PHAs content (41%), production rate (32.58 mg C/g SS/h) and conversion ratio (0.61 C-mole/C-mole)).

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