臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

區位選擇是企業進行海外投資時主要的考量因素，近年來海外直接投資研究指出，企業與海外知識、市場及勞動力資源距離的遠近影響了投資區位的選擇。基於此論點，本研究導入鄰近度之概念，以台商於中國大陸投資地之知識鄰近度、市場鄰近度及勞動力鄰近度發展實證模型。本研究以民國90年至民國96年間赴中國大陸投資之上市上櫃公司為研究對象；實證結果發現，知識鄰近度及勞動力鄰近度均正向影響台商投資大陸之區位選擇，支持本研究之假說，但市場鄰近度則負向影響台商投資大陸之區位選擇，並未支持本研究之假說。另一方面，知識鄰近度、市場鄰近度與勞動力鄰近度對子公司績效表現則呈現不顯著之影響。然而，將樣本依產業別劃分後，知識鄰近度對其他製造業及服務業的子公司績效呈現顯著正向之影響。

Location choice is one of major management decisions for enterprises while investing abroad. Extant foreign direct investment studies have found that firms’ access to knowledge, market, and labor force resource will be affected by distance. This research directly addresses this issue by incorporating the proximity of a focal province with respect to other provinces in Chinese Mainland into the analysis of Taiwanese enterprises’ location choice. Using the data from Taiwanese TSE and OTC firms who invest in Chinese Mainland for year 2001 to 2007, this study examines the impact of proximity of a focal province to other provinces’ knowledge, markets, and labor force on location choice. The empirical results indicate that the proximity of a focal province to other provinces’ knowledge and labor force all has positive impact on Taiwanese enterprises’ location choice. But the proximity of a focal province to other provinces’ market has negative impact on Taiwanese enterprises’ location choice. On the other hand, the proximity of a focal province to other provinces’ knowledge, markets and labor force respectively has no significant influence on subsidiary performance. However, after the samples are classified according to industry, the proximity of a focal province to other provinces’ knowledge has positive impact on the subsidiary performance of manufacturing and service industry.

圖目錄 IV
表目錄 V
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的與預期貢獻 4
1.3 論文架構 6
第二章 文獻探討 7
2.1 海外直接投資相關理論 7
2.1.1 國際貿易理論(International Trade Theory) 7
2.1.2 國際產品生命週期理論(Product Cycle Theory) 8
2.1.3 要素稟賦理論(Theory of Factor Endowment) 9
2.1.4 交易成本理論(Transaction Theory) 9
2.1.5 折衷理論(Eclectic Theory) 10
2.1.6 網絡理論(Network Theory) 11
2.1.7 小結 15
2.2 投資區位選擇之相關文獻及實證研究 16
2.2.1 投資區位選擇之相關文獻 16
2.2.1.1 區位(Location)要素 16
2.2.1.2 資源(Resource)要素 18
2.2.1.3 知識(Knowledge)要素 20
2.2.1.4 市場(Markets)要素 23
2.2.1.5 勞動力市場(Labor Market)要素 24
2.2.1.6 小節 25
2.2.2 與投資區位選擇相關之實證文獻 27
2.2.2.1 市場需求構面 27
2.2.2.2 基礎建設構面 28
2.2.2.3 成本構面 28
2.2.2.4 人力資源構面 29
2.2.2.5 投資環境構面 29
2.2.2.6 群聚影響構面 29
2.2.2.7 地理區位構面 30
2.3 投資區位選擇與投資績效之相關文獻 33
2.3.1 相關之實證研究 33
2.3.1.1 基礎建設構面 33
2.3.1.2 成本構面 33
2.3.1.3 人力資源構面 34
2.3.1.4 地理區位構面 34
2.3.2 績效之衡量 34
2.3.3 小結 38
2.4 研究延伸 39
第三章 研究方法 40
3.1 研究架構 40
3.2 研究假說 41
3.2.1 影響台商投資大陸區位選擇之因素 41
3.2.1.1 知識鄰近度(Proximity to Knowledge) 42
3.2.1.2 市場鄰近度(Proximity to Markets) 45
3.2.1.3 勞動力鄰近度(Proximity to Labor Force) 46
3.2.2 台商投資大陸區位選擇與績效之關係 47
3.3 研究模型及變數定義 50
3.3.1 研究模型 50
3.3.1.1 Logit迴歸模型 50
3.3.1.2 複迴歸模型 52
3.3.2 變數定義 52
3.3.2.1 投資與否之衡量 53
3.3.2.2 子公司績效之衡量 53
3.3.2.3 知識鄰近度、市場鄰近度及勞力資源鄰近度 53
3.3.2.4 控制變數 56
3.4 資料來源、研究期間及資料分析方法 62
3.4.1 資料來源及研究期間 62
3.4.2 資料分析方法 62
3.4.2.1 敘述性統計分析 62
3.4.2.2 相關性分析 62
3.4.2.3 自變數之共線性檢定 63
3.4.2.4 Logit迴歸分析及複迴歸分析 63
第四章 實證分析 64
4.1 樣本資料 64
4.1.1 樣本資料分析 64
4.1.2 變數的敘述性統計分析 65
4.1.3 變數的相關性分析 67
4.2 實證結果 71
4.2.1 鄰近度對區位選擇之影響 72
4.2.2 區位選擇對子公司績效之影響 76
4.3 額外分析 86
4.3.1 產業別與鄰近度之關係 86
4.3.2 公司屬性與鄰近度之關係 88
第五章 結論與建議 93
5.1 研究結論 93
5.2 研究建議 98
5.2.1 給企業管理上的建議 98
5.2.2 對後續研究者的建議 100
5.3 研究限制 100
參考文獻 101
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英文參考文獻 102

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