臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本實驗量測四個離子液體水溶液之熱容量與電導度，主要量測系統如下: [Bmim][CF3SO3] (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate) + H2O, [Bmim][MeSO4] (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate) + H2O, [Emim][CF3SO3] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate) + H2O, [Emim][C2H5SO4] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate) + H2O；主要利用示差掃描熱量計(Differential Scanning Calorimeter, DSC)量測熱容量，溫度範圍為303.2–353.2 K，其不確定性為  0.015 (kJkg-1K-1)；並利用電導度計量測電導度，溫度範圍為293.2–353.2 K，其不確定性為  0.001 (Sm-1)。本實驗研究值與文獻值有良好之符合性，實驗所量測之離子液體比熱值與電導度值以溫度與濃度為變數做迴歸計算，熱容量值是利用 代入Redlich-Kister equation予以迴歸計算；電導度值是使用其他學者所提出之模式與修正模式來迴歸計算，比較其迴歸結果再加以討論，迴歸計算值與實驗值亦有良好之符合性。本研究成果可作為工程設計基礎數據與計算依據。

The heat capacities and electrical conductivities of four binary aqueous solutions of ionic liquids had been measured. The investigated ionic liquid systems were as follows: [Bmim][CF3SO3] (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate) + H2O, [Bmim][MeSO4] (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate) + H2O, [Emim][CF3SO3] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate) + H2O, and [Emim][C2H5SO4] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate) + H2O. The heat capacities were measured over the temperature range from (303.2 to 353.2) K using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The electrical conductivities were measured using a commercial conductivity meter in the temperature range from (293.2 to 353.2) K. The estimated uncertainties of heat capacity CP and electrical conductivity  measurements were  0.015 (kJkg-1K-1) and  0.001 (Sm-1). The heat capacities and electrical conductivities were presented as a function of temperature and composition. For the studied aqueous ionic liquid systems, the excess molar heat capacity values were represented by typical Redlich-Kister expansion and the  values were correlated using equations from other investigators and its modified forms. The correlations give satisfactory results. The heat capacities and electrical conductivities presented in this work are, in general, of sufficient accuracy for most engineering-design calculations.

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第1章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究動機 4
1-3 研究目的 5
第2章 DSC之理論 6
2-1 DSC之簡介 6
2-2 DSC之種類 6
2-3 DSC量測熱容量原理 11
2-3-1 文獻回顧 11
2-3-2 熱容量值計算 14
2-3-3 熱容量之迴歸模式 16
2-4 電導度之簡介 18
2-5 電導度之理論 18
2-6 電導度之迴歸模式 19
第3章 實驗 22
3-1 實驗藥品 22
3-2 實驗裝置 24
3-3 實驗步驟 25
3-3-1 量測原理 25
3-3-2 樣品之備製 25
3-3-3 DSC爐子之清潔(clean cell) 25
3-3-4 DSC爐子之校正 26
3-3-5 熱容量量測步驟 28
3-4 電導度量測 30
第4章 結果與討論 32
4-1 熱容量實驗結果與討論 32
4-2 雙成份系統熱容量量測 32
4-3 電導度之實驗結果與討論 50
4-4 雙成份系統電導度量測 50
第5章 結論 70
符號表 71
參考文獻 73
自述 78

表目錄
Table 4 1 Heat capacities of [Bmim][CF3SO3] 33
Table 4 2 Heat capacities and excess molar heat capacities of [Bmim][CF3SO3] (1) + H2O (2) 36
Table 4 3 Heat capacities and excess molar heat capacities of [Bmim][MeSO4] (1) + H2O (2) 39
Table 4 4 Heat capacities and excess molar heat capacities of [Emim][CF3SO3] (1) + H2O (2) 43
Table 4 5 Heat capacities and excess molar heat capacities of [Emim][C2H5SO4] (1) + H2O (2) 46
Table 4 6 Parameters of heat capacity of aqueous solutions of ionic liquids 49
Table 4 7 Electrical conductivity of 0.01N KCl 51
Table 4 8 Electrical conductivity of [Bmim][CF3SO3] (1) + H2O (2) 53
Table 4 9 Electrical conductivity of [Bmim][MeSO4] (1) + H2O (2) 57
Table 4 10 Electrical conductivity of [Emim][CF3SO3] (1) + H2O (2) 60
Table 4 11 Electrical conductivity of [Emim][C2H5SO4] (1) + H2O (2) 64
Table 4 12 Parameters of electrical conductivity of Eq. 2-36 67
Table 4 13 Parameters of electrical conductivity of Eq. 2-37 68
Table 4 14 Parameters of electrical conductivity of Eq. 2-38 69


圖目錄
Figure 1 1 大氣中二氧化碳含量的變化趨勢圖 3
Figure 1 2 近百年全球氣溫變化圖 3
Figure 2 1 Schematic of power compensated DSC 8
Figure 2 2 Circuit diagram of heat flow DSC 8
Figure 2 3 Schematic of heat flow DSC 9
Figure 2 4 DSC curves for heat capacity measurement 13
Figure 2 5 DSC curves for heat capacity measurement 15
Figure 4 1 Heat capacities of [Bmim][CF3SO3] 34
Figure 4 2 Heat capacities of [Bmim][CF3SO3] (1) + H2O (2) 37
Figure 4 3 Excess molar heat capacities of [Bmim][CF3SO3] (1) + H2O (2) 38
Figure 4 4 Heat capacities of [Bmim][MeSO4] (1) + H2O (2) 40
Figure 4 5 Excess molar heat capacities of [Bmim][MeSO4] (1) + H2O (2) 41
Figure 4 6 Heat capacities of [Emim][CF3SO3] (1) + H2O (2) 44
Figure 4 7 Excess molar heat capacities of [Emim][CF3SO3] (1) + H2O (2) 45
Figure 4 8 Heat capacities of [Emim][C2H5SO4] + H2O 47
Figure 4 9 Excess molar heat capacities of [Emim][C2H5SO4] (1) + H2O (2) 48
Figure 4 10 Electrical conductivity of 0.01N KCl 52
Figure 4 11 Electrical conductivity of [Bmim][CF3SO3] (1) + H2O(2) 54
Figure 4 12 Electrical conductivity of [Bmim][CF3SO3] (1) + H2O (2) 55
Figure 4 13 Electrical conductivity of [Bmim][MeSO4] (1) + H2O (2) 58
Figure 4 14 Electrical conductivity of [Bmim][MeSO4] (1) + H2O (2) 59
Figure 4 15 Electrical conductivity of [Emim][CF3SO3] (1) + H2O (2) 61
Figure 4 16 Electrical conductivity of [Emim][CF3SO3] (1) + H2O (2) 62
Figure 4 17 Electrical conductivity of [Emim][C2H5SO4] (1) + H2O (2) 65
Figure 4 18 Electrical conductivity of [Emim][C2H5SO4] (1) + H2O (2) 66

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