臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

電視，被世人公認為是二十世紀最為偉大的發明之一，它從傳統映像管（Cathode-Ray Tube, CRT）電視演進到目前最熱門的液晶電視（Liquid Crystal Display, LCD），在畫質與重量上有著重大的進步。
中、大型液晶電視（LCD TV）與相同尺寸傳統映像管電視（CRT TV）相比，無論是功耗還是成本，都顯著高於映像管電視。要取代映像管電視成為主流產品，液晶電視必須要實現合理降低功耗，並降低製造成本，以符合市場需求。
節能環保已經成為時代主題，要通過能源之星（ENERGY STAR）的認證，電子工程師只有兩個選擇：對現有電源系統做根本性變革，降低電源轉換過程中的功率損失；或是降低背光亮度並減小音響系統的輸出功率，以減小液晶電視的耗電量。
本文是採用比較法，取兩台相同規格的液晶電視，一台為沒有修改過的對照組，另外一台為加入改善對策的實驗組，測量相關數據後依照電源品質、負載分配、畫質表現、功率消耗以及材料成本比較並做出結論。
液晶電視控制電路之電源的設計是很重要的一環，要達到品質與成本雙方面平衡原本就不是容易的事。透過本文的介紹希望在不損失品質的條件之下，達到節能環保與節省成本的雙贏策略。

The television was recognized as the 20th century, one of the greatest inventions, its evolution from traditional CRT(Cathode-Ray Tube) TV to the current most popular LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) TV. In the picture quality and weight, there have been major improvements.
Medium or large LCD TV compared with the same size CRT TV, whether its cost or the power consumption is apparent higher than the CRT TV. LCD TV want to replace the CRT TV become a mainstream product, it is must to achieve lower power consumption, and lower manufacturing costs to meet the market demand.
Energy saving and environmental protection have become the theme of the times. To obtain Energy Star certification, electronic engineers have only two ways: Done on the existing power system fundamental changes to reduce the power conversion loss; or reduce the backlight brightness and the sound system's output power to reduce LCD TV power consumption.
This article is the use of comparative law, take the same two specifications LCD TVs, one has not been modified for the control group, another has added improvement method to the experimental group. According to the power quality, load distribution, picture quality, power consumption and material costs, to measure the relevant data, and make the conclusions.
LCD TV power control circuit design is very important, it is not easy to achieve quality and cost on both sides of the balance. Through the introduction of this article, in the no loss of quality in the conditions, to achieve energy saving environmental protection and cost-effective win-win strategy.

目錄
中文摘要..................................................................................................... I
英文摘要..................................................................................................... II
誌謝........................................ III
目錄............................................................................................................. IV
圖目錄......................................................................................................... VIII
表目錄......................................................................................................... XIII
第一章 簡介............................................................................................... 1
1-1 研究背景................................................................................. 1
1-2 研究動機................................................................................. 2
1-3 文獻回顧................................................................................. 2
1-4 研究方法................................................................................. 3
1-5 本報告之貢獻......................................................................... 4
1-6 報告組織架構......................................................................... 5
第二章 液晶電視控制電路介紹............................................................... 7
2-1 簡介........................................................................................... 7
2-2 液晶電視內部結構介紹........................................................... 8
2-3 LCD與CRT的顯示原理........................................................ 9
2-4 LCD的驅動原理...................................................................... 11
2-5 LCD驅動IC介紹.................................................................... 15
2-5-1 驅動IC的組成............................................................... 15
2-5-2 輸入介面......................................................................... 16
2-5-3 電壓、頻率、色階、通道數......................................... 17
2-5-4 驅動器晶片內的SRAM................................................ 18
2-5-5 特殊的驅動功能............................................................. 18
2-6 液晶電視控制電路介紹............................................................ 21
2-6-1 控制IC ZR39770介紹................................................... 23
2-6-2 影像訊號處理流程介紹................................................. 25
2-6-3 音效線路介紹................................................................. 30
2-6-4 其他功能介紹................................................................. 32
第三章 液晶電視控制電路之電源規劃................................................... 33
3-1 簡介........................................................................................... 33
3-2 AC Power Board 介紹.............................................................. 33
3-2-1 AC-DC（橋式整流）.................................................... 35
3-2-2 DC-DC（Flyback Converter）...................................... 36
3-2-3 DC-AC（CCFL Power Inverter）.................................. 40
3-3 TV Control Board Power Plan介紹.......................................... 46
3-3-1 Power Board（P12V）................................................... 47
3-3-2 Power Board（+5VSB）................................................ 48
3-3-3 數位電源區塊Digital Power Section............................. 48
3-3-4 類比電源區塊Analog Power Section............................ 49
3-3-5 Back Light on-off 與Back Light Brightness Control… 50
第四章 液晶電視控制電路之電源改善................................................... 51
4-1 簡介........................................................................................... 51
4-1-1 LDO 線性穩壓器........................................................... 51
4-1-2 PWM Buck DC-DC Converter 交換式直流電源轉換器..................................................................................... 54
4-2 電源改善之目標....................................................................... 56
4-3 電源改善之方法....................................................................... 58
4-3-1 電源改善對策一............................................................. 59
4-3-2 電源改善對策二............................................................. 60
4-3-3 電源改善對策三............................................................. 63
4-3-4 電源改善對策四............................................................. 67
第五章 電源改善之測試結果................................................................... 69
5-1 簡介........................................................................................... 69
5-2 電源品質比較........................................................................... 71
5-3 負載分配量測........................................................................... 75
5-4 畫質表現................................................................................... 77
5-5 功率消耗比較........................................................................... 81
5-6 材料成本比較........................................................................... 84
5-7 總結........................................................................................... 85
第六章 結論與未來研究方向................................................................... 86
6-1 結論........................................................................................... 86
6-2 未來研究方向........................................................................... 87
參考文獻..................................................................................................... 90
作者簡介..................................................................................................... 91


圖目錄
圖2.1 液晶電視內部方塊圖.................................................................... 8
圖2.2 CRT顯示原理圖........................................................................... 9
圖2.3 LCD顯示原理圖.......................................................................... 10
圖2.4 LCD液晶面板驅動等效電路圖.................................................. 11
圖2.5 Cs on gate與Cs on common架構............................................... 13
圖2.6 Cs on gate與Cs on common等效電路....................................... 14
圖2.7 TFT LCD驅動IC控制程序示意圖............................................ 15
圖2.8 TFT LCD驅動IC內部方塊圖.................................................... 19
圖2.9 TFT LCD驅動電路版.................................................................. 20
圖2.10 液晶電視控制電路方塊圖.......................................................... 21
圖2.11 控制IC內部單元圖................................................................... 24
圖2.12 SDTV訊號處理流程.................................................................. 26
圖2.13 HDTV訊號處理流程................................................................. 27
圖2.14 VGA訊號處理流程.................................................................... 28
圖2.15 HDMI接頭.................................................................................. 28
圖2.16 HDMI訊號處理流程.................................................................. 29
圖2.17 Conpoment訊號處理流程.......................................................... 30
圖2.18 音效訊號處理流程...................................................................... 31
圖2.19 電源管理方塊圖.............................................................. 32
圖3.1 AC Power Board內部電路方塊................................................... 33
圖3.2 AC Power Board電路板............................................................... 34
圖3.3 橋式整流電路圖............................................................................ 35
圖3.4 橋式整流正半週工作原理............................................................ 35
圖3.5 橋式整流負半週工作原理............................................................ 36
圖3.6 反馳式整流電路圖........................................................................ 36
圖3.7 反馳式電路動作原理1................................................................. 37
圖3.8 反馳式電路動作原理2................................................................. 38
圖3.9 變壓器N2輸出波形..................................................................... 39
圖3.10 變壓器輸出端π型濾波器........................................................... 39
圖3.11 π型濾波器輸出波形.................................................................. 40
圖3.12 LCD背光燈管電路簡圖............................................................ 41
圖3.13 LCD背光燈管電路動作原理1................................................. 42
圖3.14 LCD背光燈管電路動作原理2................................................. 42
圖3.15 LCD背光燈管回授電路............................................................ 43
圖3.16 LCD Inverter 輸出電路.............................................................. 43
圖3.17 LCD Module 與Inverter 接線圖............................................... 44
圖3.18 EEFL燈管簡圖........................................................................... 44
圖3.19 EEFL燈管各部位名稱............................................................... 45
圖3.20 TV Control Board Power Plan..................................................... 46
圖3.21 TV Control Board Power Section................................................ 47
圖3.22 Digital Power Plan....................................................................... 49
圖3.23 Analog Power Plan...................................................................... 50
圖3.24 Inverter Control Pin..................................................................... 50
圖3.25 背光燈管亮度控制線路.............................................................. 50
圖4.1 LDO內部方塊圖.......................................................................... 53
圖4.2 儲能電感輸出波形....................................................................... 54
圖4.3 PWM Buck DC-DC Converter 電路圖........................................ 55
圖4.4 PWM Buck DC-DC Converter 內部方塊圖................................ 55
圖4.5 Energy Star Logo........................................................................... 56
圖4.6 電源改善的概要圖......................................................................... 58
圖4.7 電源改善一的方塊圖..................................................................... 59
圖4.8 電源改善二的方塊圖..................................................................... 60
圖4.9 PWM IC 負載與效率的對照曲線............................................... 61
圖4.10 PWM IC 應用電路圖................................................................. 62
圖4.11 電源改善三的方塊圖....................... 63
圖4.12 Ultra Low Drop LDO 應用電路圖............................................ 63
圖4.13 Tuner 電源 LDO 應用電路圖.................................................. 64
圖4.14 AS431 應用電路圖.................................................................... 65
圖4.15 AS431 內部方塊圖.................................................................... 65
圖4.16 VCC5D 波形.............................................................................. 66
圖4.17 G5627應用電路圖..................................................................... 67
圖5.1 左邊為實驗組（右邊為對照組）............................ .................. 70
圖5.2 19吋液晶電視實驗機台.............................................................. 70
圖5.3 實驗組與對照組的五個比較點位............................................... 71
圖5.4 A點的AC Noise 波形(左為對照組,右為實驗組) ..................... 72
圖5.5 B點的AC Noise 波形(左為對照組,右為實驗組) ..................... 72
圖5.6 C點的AC Noise 波形(左為對照組,右為實驗組) ..................... 73
圖5.7 D點的AC Noise 波形(左為對照組,右為實驗組) ..................... 73
圖5.8 E點的AC Noise 波形(左為對照組,右為實驗組) ..................... 73
圖5.9 A點的DC Vrms 波形(左為對照組,右為實驗組) ...................... 74
圖5.10 B點的DC Vrms 波形(左為對照組,右為實驗組) ............. 74
圖5.11 C點的DC Vrms 波形(左為對照組,右為實驗組) .................... 74
圖5.12 D點的DC Vrms 波形(左為對照組,右為實驗組) .................... 75
圖5.13 E點的DC Vrms 波形(左為對照組,右為實驗組) .................... 75
圖5.14 電源改善後的負載測量的四個點位.......................................... 76
圖5.15 電流表測量(左為A點,右為B點) ............................................ 77
圖5.16 電流表測量(左為C點,右為D點) ............................................ 77
圖5.17 實驗組的Color Bar畫面............................................................ 78
圖5.18 實驗組的256灰階畫面............................................................... 79
圖5.19 實驗組的Multi Burst畫面.......................................................... 79
圖5.20 實驗組的MONO SCOPE畫面................................................... 80
圖5.21 實驗組的DTV 1080i畫面一...................................................... 80
圖5.22 實驗組的DTV 1080i畫面二...................................................... 81
圖5.23 數位功率計量測圖（左為對照組,右為實驗組）..................... 82
圖5.24 夾式電流表測量對照組電流（左為5V,右為12V）................ 82
圖5.25 夾式電流表測量實驗組電流（左為5V,右為12V）..... 83
圖5.26 夾式電流表.................................................................................. 83


表目錄
表3.1 LCD背光燈管電氣規格................................................................. 41
表4.1 PWM Buck DC-DC Converter 與LDO 比較表........................... 56
表4.2 能源之星的液晶電視規範.............................................................. 57
表4.3 19吋LCD面板的電源規格........................................................... 60
表4.4 PWM IC 電氣規格.......................................................................... 62
表5.1 實驗組與對照組的電源品質數據表............................................. 72
表5.2電源改善後四個點位的電流數據.................................................. 77
表5.3電源改善前後的功率消耗比較表.................................................. 82
表5.4電源改善後的成本節省表.............................................................. 84
表5.5電源改善前後的各項比較表.......................................................... 85

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