臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文考慮了丙烷水蒸氣重組反應器之丙烷的轉化率與出口端氫氣濃度控制等問題。首先吾人以有限元素法(Comsol Mulpithysics)進行模擬，來探討系統參數對丙烷水蒸氣重組反應器之丙烷轉化率和出口端氫氣濃度的影響。為使轉化率和出口端氫氣濃度達到最佳狀態，並且還具有溫度節能的效果，吾人利用了實數型基因演算法來尋找以及設計水蒸氣重組熱交換器之最佳化，此法由於無須經過編碼和解碼的程序，因而利於直接針對原本數值做一最佳化步驟。而在控制的策略上，吾人基於Model-free架構，採用單點控制的方式，藉以操控此偏微分動態形式的系統。在控制器方面，吾人選用了控制力輸出有限制之單神經元控制器，此控制器具有自調諧的能力，可依系統輸出誤差自動調節其控制力，具有不依賴完美模式的智慧功能。由最佳化和模擬的結果顯示，吾人所得到的丙烷水蒸氣重組反應器，除了在丙烷的轉化率以及氫氣濃度上具有更佳的效果外，在溫度節能上也有相當的功效。而在控制的效能上，單神經元控制器的表現比IMC-PI與PI控制器優異，且控制力穩定，著實增強了丙烷水蒸氣重組反應器的性能與功效。

This thesis considers the dynamic simulation, optimal design and control of the propane steam reformer reactor which used to produce hydrogen. A finite element method is used to build the hydrogen generation model for the propane steam reformer reactor. In order to make the high conversion rate for hydrogen production, a real coded genetic algorithm is applied for the optimal design of the propane steam reformer reactor. Besides, for exit hydrogen concentration regulation of steam reformer reactor, a direct adaptive model-free learning control scheme is proposed. An output-bounded single neuron controller is utilized for the learning control of the process by merely observing the process output error, even though the process dynamics is characterized by partial differential equations. Extensive simulation results reveal that the proposed model-based control strategy is more promising to existing methodologies, such as IMC-PI and PI controls. From the significant results presented in this thesis, it is believed that the proposed optimal design and control strategies can substantially enhance the effectiveness and performance of propane steam reforming processes.

中文摘要 …………………………………………………………… i
英文摘要 …………………………………………………………… ii
目錄 …………………………………………………………………iii
圖目錄 ……………………………………………………………… vi
表目錄 ……………………………………………………………… xi
符號說明 …………………………………………………………… xii
第一章 緒論 …………………………………………………………1
1-1 氫能、熱重組技術之發展概況以及文獻回顧 …………………1
1-2 研究動機與方法 …………………………………………………4
1-3 論文組織與架構 …………………………………………………6
第二章 丙烷水蒸氣重組反應器之動態模擬與分析………………… 7
2-1 前言 …………………………………………………………… 8
2-2水蒸氣重組反應器之設計 ……………………………………… 8
2-3丙烷水蒸氣重組之動態方程式以及化學反應方程式 ……………9
2-3-1化學反應方程式 …………………………………………… 9
2-3-2 加熱管之動態方程式 ………………………………… 10
2-3-3 重組床之動態方程式 ………………………………… 11
2-4 動態模擬與分析 ……………………………………………… 13
2-4-1 模擬工具 ………………………………………………13
2-4-2 內部熱交換器不同管徑之動態模擬與分析 ………… 14
2-5 系統參數對丙烷水蒸氣重組反應器系統之影響 …………… 17
2-5-1 加熱管進入溫度不同之影響 ………………………… 18
2-5-2 加熱管進入流速不同之影響 …………………………18
2-5-3 重組床進料溫度不同之影響 …………………………19
2-5-4 重組床進料壓力不同之影響 …………………………19
2-6 結果與討論 ……………………………………………………20
第三章 丙烷水蒸氣重組反應器之最佳化設計 …………………52
3-1 前言 …………………………………………………………52
3-2 丙烷水蒸氣重組之最佳化設計與模擬分析 …………………53
3-3 結果與討論 ……………………………………………………57第四章 丙烷水蒸氣重組反應器之自適應控制 ……………………65
4-1 前言 ……………………………………………………………65
4-2 控制系統架構 …………………………………………………65
4-3 控制器形式與參數演算法 ……………………………………66
4-4 控制模擬與分析 ………………………………………………67
4-4-1 一般操作狀態控制模擬與分析 ………………………67
4-4-2 系統發生干擾時控制模擬與分析 ……………………69
4-5 結果與討論 …………………………………………………… 71
第五章 結論與未來展望 ………………………………………… 79
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………81

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