臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以316L沃斯田鐵不�袗�由直徑190 μm之線材，經多道次冷抽加工與熱處理製程，逐步將直徑減縮為179、112、75、50、34、20、8及6 μm。探討此一系列不�袗�纖維於冷抽加工過程中，晶體結構與拉伸性質之變化。以X-ray繞射實驗搭配MDI Jade 5.0軟體進行不�袗�纖維相鑑定之定性分析，再由FIZ-FindIt軟體獲得各相之晶胞參數、空間群及單位晶格原子數，並匯入Rietveld全譜擬合精算法所建立之MAUD (Materials Analysis Using Diffraction)軟體中，做為對X-ray繞射譜圖，纖維經各道冷抽後之相定量分析的參考模型，藉此獲得各相之體積分率與微結構參數，如晶粒度、微應變、和織構等。
分析結果顯示，不�袗�纖維於冷抽加工過程中，發生應變－誘導麻田散鐵相變，隨著冷抽道次增加，α''-麻田散鐵相的體積分率隨之增加。於熱處理後，部份的α''-麻田散鐵相發生逆變態回復至γ-沃斯田鐵基相。此外，於75 μm熱處理後之不�袗�纖維，開始出現微量的介金屬化合物-σ相。拉伸試驗結果顯示，隨著α''-麻田散鐵相比例增加，不�袗�纖維之拉伸破壞強度隨之提高。熱處理溫度的高低對於γ-沃斯田鐵之晶粒度與微應變有顯著的影響，且熱處理溫度較低時(680 °C)，未能充分消除內應力，不�袗�纖維之拉伸破壞強度和伸長率與熱處理前之纖維比較，差異不大。

In this study, the diameter of 316L austenitic stainless steel wire was decreased from 190 μm to 179, 112, 75, 50, 34, 20, 8, and 6 μm using a multi-path cold drawing process. An intermediate heat treatment was used between cold drawing processes. The crystal structures and tensile properties of both wire and fibers were studied. First, the crystalline phases of stainless steel wire and fibers were identified using a MDI Jade 5.0. The crystal structure model of each phase was constructed based on the FIZ-FindIt software, and then loaded on MAUD (Materials Analysis Using Diffraction) to refine the monitoring X-ray diffraction profile of the sample. The Rietveld full pattern refinement method was used to analyze the quantification of each phase. The volume fraction of each crystalline phase and microstructure parameters, such as crystallite size, microstrain, and texture of each phase could therefore be obtained.
The results of analyses showed that strain-induced martensite transformation occurred during a multi-path cold drawing process. The volume fraction of α''-martensite increased with a decrease in fiber diameter. There was a small portion of α''-martensite which reversed to γ-austenitic matrix during heat treatment. It is worth noting that the third crystalline phase started to form, which was identified as a sigma phase, when the diameter of the stainless steel fiber was decreased to 75 μm. The results of tensile tests showed that the ultimate tensile strength of stainless steel fiber was increased with an increase in α''-martensite. The crystallite size and microstrain of γ-austenitic phase fibers were obviously affected by the temperature of the heat treatment. However, when the temperature of the heat treatment was lower than 680 °C, the effect of heat treatment on the ultimate tensile strength and the elongation ratio of stainless steel fiber were not significance.

誌 謝 i
摘 要 ii
Abstract iii
目 錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
符號與縮寫對照表 ix
第一章 序論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 沃斯田鐵系不�袗� 3
1.3 麻田散鐵相變 5
1.4 應變－誘導麻田散鐵 8
第二章 結構解析與文獻回顧 11
2.1 晶粒度與微應變 11
2.2 優選順向 15
2.3 晶體結構定量分析－Rietveld法 20
2.3.1原理 20
2.3.2 Rietveld法的應用 23
2.4 研究目的 25
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 26
3.1 實驗流程 26
3.2 實驗材料 28
3.3 實驗設備 31
3.3.1 廣角X-ray 繞射儀 31
3.3.2 微拉伸試驗機 32
第四章 結果與討論 33
4.1 晶相鑑定 33
4.2 晶相之定量分析 39
4.3 晶粒度與微應變分析 43
4.4 織構分析 51
4.5 拉伸性質分析 59
第五章 結論 67
參考文獻 69
附 錄 77

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